[en] In the present thesis from inelastic neutrino-iron scattering the nucleon structure functions 2xF₁, F₂, xF₃, anti q are determined. The data acquisition was performed 1983 at CERN in the 400 GeV neutrino broad-band beam with the improved CDHS detector. The statistics could be essentially raised against the last CDHS structure-function measurement. (orig./HSI)

[en] The empirical successes of atomic, nuclear, and particle physics have not reduced -- and may never fully resolve -- the philosophical controversies about the inner constitution of matter. This book examines these debates by exploring the particle concept in physics. Are the particles of modern physics ''real'' or are they fictitious entities, their existence deduced merely by the careless application of abstract theories? Or are the philosophers involved in the debate about ''scientific realism'' dedicating themselves to a problem that has long been solved by physicists? Studies of the experimental basis and theoretical relevance of the particle concept reveal that these questions are far from easy to answer, because, since the introduction of quantum theory, physical science no longer possesses a single unambiguous particle concept. All those interested in the ''true meaning'' of such physical concepts will find this book informative and thought provoking. It is written at a level accessible to scholars, students and teachers of science and philosophy. (orig.)

[en] A study of prompt neutrino events from 400 GeV protons on a beam-dump is presented. The ratio of electron- to muon-neutrino rates in 0.86±0.14, in agreement with e-μ universality. The anti-neutrino to neutrino flux ratio is anti ν_μ/ν_μ=0.81±0.19. The absolute rates and distributions observed are shown to be in quantitative agreement with the known properties of charmed-quark production in hadron collisions. (orig.)

[en] We have searched for νsub(μ) oscillations by comparing the rates of νsub(μ) charged-current interactions in two detectors located 130 and 885 m from the target, which was struck by a 19.2 GeV/c proton beam from the CERN Proton Synchrotron. No evidence for νsub(μ) oscillations was found. At the 90% confidence level, Δm² values between 0.26 and 90 eV² are excluded for maximal mixing. The most restrictive limit on the neutrino mixing-angle parameter sin²2THETA is 0.053 at Δm² = 2.5 eV². (orig.)

[en] The final results from the WA 1/2 neutrino experiment in the 1984 CERN 160 GeV narrow band beam are presented. The ratios R_ν and Rsub(anti ν) of neutral to charged current interaction rates of neutrinos and antineutrinos in iron are measured to be R_ν=0.3072±0.0033 and Rsub(anti ν)=0.382±0.016. A value of the electroweak parameter sin² θ_w=1-m_W²/m_Z² is extracted from R_ν. The result is sin²/θ_w=0.228+0.013(m_c=1.5)±0.005(exp.)±0.003(theor.) where m_c is the mass of the charmed quark in GeV for m_t=60 GeV, M_H=100 GeV, ρ=1. Combining R_ν and Rsub(anti ν), one obtains a value for ρ=0.991±0.023(m_c=1.5)±0.020(exp.). Alternatively, R_ν and Rsub(anti ν) yield a precise value of the ratio of intermediate vector boson masses m_W/m_Z=0.880-0.007 (m_c-1.5)±0.002(exp.)±0.002(theor.). Comparison of these results with those from direct measurements of the vector boson masses are presented. In a model-independent analysis the left- and right-handed neutral current coupling constants, g_L² and g_R², are determined. (orig.)

[en] A high-statistics measurement of the differential cross-sections for neutrino-iron scattering in the wide-band neutrino beam at the CERN SPS is presented. Nucleon structure functions are extracted and their Q² evolution is compared with the predictions of quantum chromodynamics. (orig.)

[en] Neutrino and antineutrino total charged current cross sections on iron were measured in the 100, 160, and 200 GeV narrow band beams at the CERN SPS in the energy range 10 to 200 GeV. Assuming σ/E to be constant, the values corrected for non-isoscalarity are σ^ν/E=(0.686 ±0.019)x10^-38 cm²/(GeV . nucleon) and σ^ν/E=(0.339±0.010)x10^-38 cm²/(GeV . nucleon). Between 50 and 150 GeV no energy dependence of σ/E was observed within ±3% for neutrino and ±4% for antineutrino interactions. (orig.)

[en] From exposures of the CDHS detector at the CERN SPS we have obtained 367 μ^-μ^- events in neutrino beams and 73 μ⁺μ⁺ events in an antineutrino beam. The magnitude of a prompt like-sign signal has been controversial in the past and moreover could not be explained by known production mechanisms. A critical discussion of the experimental situation is given. We have tried to reduce the systematic uncertainties of previous experiments and to get more information on the dependence of the signal with energy and the muon momentum cut-off. This experiment yields a signal of 2.8sigma (2.4sigma) of prompt like-sign dimuon events in the case of neutrinos (antineutrinos). The rate to charged current events is of the order of 10^-4 for psub(μ)>9 GeV and E>100 GeV. The prompt signal has all the properties expected from the production and decay of charm-anticharm events. The magnitude, however, is substantially higher than the prediction of perturbative QCD but lower than some other experiments. (orig.)