[en] Research and developments in fuel element technology for all types of power reactors are reviewed in general. Main fuel element types, problems of their designing, simulation, tests, classification are considered. Working characteristics are given

[en] The structures of two manganese(II) complexes of 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane (PTA) reveal the first transition-metal complexes of PTA in which the metal preferentially coordinates to a nitrogen and not the phosphorus of PTA. The coordination environment about the manganese was probed using X-ray crystallography (solid state) and EXAFS spectroscopy (solution)

[en] Off-axis electron holography was used to observe the potential distribution across a 2x10¹⁸/cm³ p- and n-doped Si/Si p-n junction. With digital image recording and processing, and a novel method for thickness determination, we have successfully extracted two-dimensional maps of the depletion region potential. For a defect-free region, we measured relatively abrupt changes in potential in the range 1.0--1.5 V across lateral distances of 20--30 nm. Although influenced by instrumental and sample limitations, these values are reasonably consistent with expected Si junction parameters and thus establish the promise of this technique for measuring potential distributions across device junctions and interfaces