[en] A new three-component Camassa-Holm equation is introduced. This system is endowed with a structure similar to the Camassa-Holm equation. It has peakon solitons and conserves H¹-norm conservation law. (general)

[en] Novel N-n-butyl-1,8-naphthalimide derivatives with mono- or di-substitution to the C-4 position containing a N atom and a carbonyl have been synthesized as a efficient silver(I) fluorescent sensor. The ligand structures were confirmed by IR, NMR, MS, and elemental analysis. A highly sensitive spectrofluorometric method based on chelation-assisted fluorescence quenching was developed for trace-level detection, estimation and speciation studies of silver(I) in ethanol-water. The ligand exhibits emission and excitation maxima at 525 nm and 420 nm, respectively. The novel fluorescent sensor exhibited selective binding toward Ag(I) and pH insensitivity over a biologically relevant range. The interference of foreign ions was observed to be negligible.

[en] Highlights: • NER-deficiency induces elevated apoptosis and Acr-dG in cells treated with DHA. • XPA knockdown increases acrolein induced apoptosis and Acr-dG levels in cells. • Increased Acr-dG levels are correlated with high levels of apoptosis. • Acr-dG formation may contribute to the apoptotic potency of DHA. The acrolein derived cyclic 1,N²-propanodeoxyguanosine adduct (Acr-dG), formed primarily from ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) under oxidative conditions, while proven to be mutagenic, is potentially involved in DHA-induced apoptosis. The latter may contribute to the chemopreventive effects of DHA. Previous studies have shown that the levels of Acr-dG are correlated with apoptosis induction in HT29 cells treated with DHA. Because Acr-dG is shown to be repaired by the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway, to further investigate the role of Acr-dG in apoptosis, in this study, NER-deficient XPA and its isogenic NER-proficient XAN1 cells were treated with DHA. The Acr-dG levels and apoptosis were sharply increased in XPA cells, but not in XAN1 cells when treated with 125 μM of DHA. Because DHA can induce formation of various DNA damage, to specifically investigate the role of Acr-dG in apoptosis induction, we treated XPA knockdown HCT116 + ch3 cells with acrolein. The levels of both Acr-dG and apoptosis induction increased significantly in the XPA knockdown cells. These results clearly demonstrate that NER deficiency induces higher levels of Acr-dG in cells treated with DHA or acrolein and sensitizes cells to undergo apoptosis in a correlative manner. Collectively, these results support that Acr-dG, a ubiquitously formed mutagenic oxidative DNA adduct, plays a role in DHA-induced apoptosis and suggest that it could serve as a biomarker for the cancer preventive effects of DHA.

[en] In order to investigate the magnetic force distribution, flow field distribution and temperature field distribution during continuous casting process of Al/Al bimetal round billet under multi-electromagnetic fields, a comprehensive mathematical model has been developed. The model is based on a combination of the commercial finite element package ANSYS and the commercial finite volume package FLUENT, with the former for calculation of the multi-electromagnetic fields and the latter for calculation of the magnetic driven fluid flow, heat transfer, temperature field and solidification. There was a good agreement between the calculate results and the experiment results. Comparison of the calculated results of the continuous casting process without electromagnetic with that of the continuous casting process under multi-electromagnetic fields indicated that velocity patterns, temperature profiles and the sump depth are modified remarkably by the application of multi-electromagnetic field during the continuous casting process.

[en] This paper establishes a drainage data-based calculation method for coalbed permeability. The method combines material balance and production equations. We use a material balance equation to derive the average pressure of the coalbed in the production process. The dimensionless water production index is introduced into the production equation for the water production stage. In the subsequent stage, which uses both gas and water, the gas and water production ratio is introduced to eliminate the effect of flush-flow radius, skin factor, and other uncertain factors in the calculation of coalbed methane permeability. The relationship between permeability and surface cumulative liquid production can be described as a single-variable cubic equation by derivation. The trend shows that the permeability initially declines and then increases after ten wells in the southern Qinshui coalbed methane field. The results show an exponential relationship between permeability and cumulative water production. The relationship between permeability and cumulative gas production is represented by a linear curve and that between permeability and surface cumulative liquid production is represented by a cubic polynomial curve. The regression result of the permeability and surface cumulative liquid production agrees with the theoretical mathematical relationship. (paper)

[en] Objective: To investigate the value of ⁹⁹Tc^m-Duramycin SPCET/CT in the detection of vulnerable plaque (VP) in atherosclerotic (AS) rabbit models. Methods: Sixteen New Zealand male rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: group A (sham-operated group, n = 4), group B (stable plaque group, n = 4) and group C (VP group, n = 8). Group A was fed on normal diet, and the other 2 groups were fed on cholesterol diet for 12 weeks. Femoral artery dissection sham-operation was done in group A and group B, while balloon-induced abdominal aorta wall injury was produced in group C after 2 weeks' feeding. Animals were injected with ⁹⁹Tc^m-Duramycin (74 MBq/kg) and then SPECT/CT imaging was performed at the end of 4, 8, and 12 weeks, respectively. Abdominal aortas were explanted for ex vivo imaging and histological characterization of plaque. The apoptosis index (AI) was calculated. One-way analysis of variance was used to analyze data. Results: There was no radioactive uptake by the abdominal aorta in each group at the end of 4 weeks and no uptake in group A and group B at the end of 8 weeks. There was slightly uptake radioactive uptake by the abdominal aorta in group B at the end of 12 weeks and in group G at the end of 8 weeks. There was intense uptake at the lesions of AS rabbits in group C at the end of 12 weeks, and the T/NT value significantly higher than that of the other two groups (3.40 ± 0.22 vs 2.12 ± 0.65, 2.68 ± 0.18, F = 198.775, P < 0.05). The result was confirmed in the ex vivo imaging of the explanted aorta. The AI of group C was significantly higher than that of group A and B ((25.4 ± 6.32)% vs (0 ± 0.02)%, (5.3 ± 1.97)%, F = 70.260, P < 0.05). Conclusions: ⁹⁹Tc^m-Duramycin scintigraphy could identify the apoptosis of VP in the rabbit AS models. It is a promising non-invasive method to diagnose AS plaques. (authors)

[en] Objective: To investigate the correlation between myocardial perfusion abnormality and coronary artery stenosis using mpl and CTCA. Methods: A total of 169 patients (102 males, 67 females, age: 7-80 (56.1 ± 12.1) years) who underwent mpl and CTCA were enrolled. mpl and CTCA images were fused, then myocardial perfusion abnormal areas and corresponding coronary arteries were found. According to bull's-eye map, myocardial segments were scored by a 5-grade criteria and summed stress score (SSS), summed rest score (SRS), summed difference score (SDS) were obtained. All subjects were divided into mild, moderate and severe groups according to the SSS. The correlation between abnormal area and coronary artery stenosis was analyzed by Spearman rank correlation analysis. Results: The mild, moderate and severe groups had 89, 37 and 43 subjects respectively, and numbers of abnormal areas were 89, 42, and 49 respectively in the 3 groups. Among the supplying coronary arteries of abnormal areas, 20 were normal, 23 with stenosis < 25%, 28 with stenosis 25%-50%, 55 with stenosis 51%-14%, 47 with stenosis 75%-99%, 7 totally occluded. The correlations between SSS, SDS of perfusion abnormal area and coronary artery stenosis were significant (r_s = 0.617, 0.435, both P < 0.05). In mild, moderate and severe groups, the correlation coefficients between SSS and coronary artery stenosis were 0.456, 0.652 and 0.417, the correlation coefficients between SDS and coronary artery stenosis were 0.332, 0.491, 0.305. Conclusions: The SPECT/CT fusion technology is helpful in diagnosis of functionally relevant coronary artery lesions. In moderate group, the correlation between myocardial perfusion abnormality and coronary artery stenosis is more significant. (authors)

[en] Objective: To evaluate the cause of ischemia related to myocardial bridge (MB) by using SPECT/CT MPI and CTCA. Methods: A total of 294 patients with chest pain, tightness or palpitation undergoing both CTCA and MPI were retrospectively enrolled in this study from March 2008 to March 2013. Among them, 49 patients (26 males, 23 females, age: 32-85(55.4 ± 16.6) years) had MB. Locations of MB and myocardial ischemia were recorded. Fused MPI/CTCA was analyzed. If there was no mural atherosclerotic plaque-related stenosis on CAG at the same location of coronary artery where ischemic myocardium was found, then Mb was considered as the ischemic cause. Myocardial ischemia rates of different Mb locations were compared by χ² test. Results: Among 49 patients with MB, 3 cases had MB in proximal segment of LAD, 34 in mid LAD, 4 in distal LAD, 3 in septal branch, 2 in distal LCX, 1 in intermedius, and 2 in mid RCA. There were 41 cases with myocardial ischemia. Myocardial ischemia in 32 cases was caused by MB, including 23 caused by MB in mid LAD. The myocardial ischemia rates of the most common MB location (mid LAD, n = 34) and other locations 15) were not significantly different (67.6% (23/34) vs 60.0% (9/15), χ² = 0.27, P > 0.05). Conclusions: MB is commonly found in the mid LAD. The myocardial ischemia rates caused by MB is not related the MB location. Hybrid MPI/CTCA could evaluate the sites of coronary MB and myocardial ischemia simultaneously and therefore may be useful to evaluate the relationship between MB and myocardial ischemia. (authors)

[en] Highlights: • A new approach to detect triketone HPPD inhibitors was set up via competition coordination. • The LODs for triketone HPPD inhibitors were nanomolar levels. • NMN was applied to detect mesotrione and tembotrione in water samples. 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvatedioxygenase (HPPD) is a Fe(II)/Co(II)-dependent enzyme which has become one of the most effective herbicide targets. HPPD inhibitors have been developed as efficient herbicides for resistant weed control. Developing a method for efficient and rapid HPPD inhibitors detection is still challenging. N-n-butyl-4-methylhydrazinecarbothioamide-1,8-naphthalimide (NMN) was synthesized and used to detect Co²⁺ efficiently with the limit of detection (LOD) of 7.82 nM with a turn-on fluorescence. Herein a novel fluorescent complex, NMN‒Co²⁺ was employed to determine HPPD inhibitors which performed a turn-off effect in the sensing process based on the competitive coordination between the probe and HPPD with Co²⁺. The LODs for three commercial triketone HPPD inhibitors (mesotrione, tembotrione and NTBC) were 6.60 nM, 7.37 nM and 10.22 nM with good sensitivity and selectivity. Furthermore, the present probe has potentials to quantitatively detect mesotrione and tembotrione in real samples.

[en] With telescope apertures becoming larger and larger, the deployment of large-field telescopes is becoming increasingly popular. However, optical path calibration is necessary to ensure the image quality of large-field and large-diameter telescopes. In particular, focal plane attitude calibration is an essential optical path calibration technique that has a direct impact on image quality. In this paper, a focal plane attitude detection method using eight acquisition cameras is proposed based on the calibration requirements of the wide-field telescope, LAMOST (Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope). Comparison of simulation and experimental results shows that the detection accuracy of the proposed method can reach 30 arcsec. With additional testing and verification, this method could be used to facilitate regular focal plane attitude calibration for LAMOST as well as other large-field telescopes. (paper)