[en] The surprising speciation of actinides and lanthanides in ionic liquids (ILs) is reviewed, based on both experimental and theoretical studies. The unusual nature of ILs is shown to induce unique solvation, complexation and extraction features. The effect of water is also detailed. (orig.)

[en] This article questions the stagnation of breeding results by hip dysplasia screening and its current etiology. The ''Coxa Valga Antetorta'', anteversion of the hip joint and ''soft tissue displasia'' are discussed besides a multitude of primary diseases leading to growth deformities and other diseases in the hip. Ectopic primary causes like malformation of the spine leading to a secondary ''dysplatic'' osteoarthritis of the hip (functional secondary dysplasia) are also discussed in this article. Recent and very promising breeding strategies (estimation of the breeding value) in the battle against hip dysplasia are presented. Biochemical, immunological and structural aspects are presented as a not totally utopic perspecitive. Molecular genetic markers for hip dysplasia will offer in the near future a possibility to detect carriers ct the disease by a blood sample ion before clinical manifestation

[en] One of the solutions to store high level nuclear wastes (actinides and fission products) is deep geological repository. Since some of these radionuclides have extremely long half-lives, they require an appropriate durable immobilisation system. Several materials, including apatites, are studied as potential inertial matrices. One of the most fed long life fission isotopes, ⁹⁹Tc (half-life t_1/2=2 x 10⁵ yr) is produced by the ⁹⁹Mo → ⁹⁹Tc filiation. Therefore, we focused on the migration study of molybdenum in hydroxyapatite Ca₁₀(PO₄)₆(OH)₂. Molybdenum was introduced by ion implantation, 40 nm deep, in pellets of hydroxyapatite. Then the samples were heated under air. The evolution of the molybdenum profiles after each annealing step was followed by Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS), showing a volatilization of molybdenum. Moreover, XPS analysis made on molybdenum led us to think that the volatile species formed is MoO₃

[en] The aim of this work is to characterise the retention properties of apatites, studied as potential inert matrices, towards the long-lived fission product ⁹⁹Tc (T=210 000 years) in radioactive waste disposal. The study was made using two stable homologous elements of Tc: molybdenum which has the same mass as technetium, and rhenium which is the chemical analogue of Tc. These elements were introduced in apatite samples by ion implantation and their profiles were determined by Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS). The coupling of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) analysis showed the oxidation of molybdenum and rhenium during annealing. Using these results on Mo and Re behaviour, assumptions were made on the migration of technetium

[en] The potentialities of hydrophobic ionic liquids BumimPF₆ and BumimTf₂N for their use in the nuclear fuel cycle were investigated, in particular for the liquid liquid extraction. We demonstrate that the use of RTILs in replacement of the organic diluents for actinides partitioning is promising. In our contribution, we present the synthesis of several task-specific ionic liquids. Our results show that grafting metal complexing groups increases the affinity of metals to the IL phase and gives rise to suitable media for the liquid-liquid extraction of actinides. (authors)

[en] Technetium migration was investigated apatite a possible nuclear wastes conditioning materials. ^99mTc was introduced into fluoroapatite by ion implantation. The analysis of implanted profile evolution under samples treatment allows to identify the migration process as a bulk diffusion. The observed Tc release is correlated to the oxidation of Tc by interaction with air at the sample surface. (orig.)

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