[en] The paper introduces current environmental practices in the mining and milling industry in China. It includes both how to deal with the closed mines and how to administer the present mines. The uranium industry is 100% owned by the Chinese government, which is responsible for the remediation of the closed uranium mines. Since the middle of the 1980s, a total of 26 uranium mines and mills were closed. Decommissioning work on 12 uranium facilities had been completed by the end of 2003. It also tells which standards to apply to reclamate the closed uranium sites in China. The typical way to deal with the special contamination by uranium production is introduced because of lack of environmental protection consciousness in the early years, such as reclamation of contaminated farmland and fishing ponds. How to avoid taking the old way to contaminate the environment in the new uranium production centre? This paper does not give a very detailed case of the best practice in dealing with environment issues, but it presents the overall environmental solution for uranium mining operations in China. This solution will definitely protect the environment better than ever before. (author)

[en] The modification of the width of the rho meson due to in-medium decays and collisions is evaluated. In high temperature and/or high density hadronic matter, the collision width is much larger than the one-loop decay width. The large width of the ρ meson in matter seems to be consistent with some current interpretations of the e⁺e^- mass spectra measured at the CERN/SPS

[en] Currently there are 28 units of nuclear power plants (NPPs) under construction in China. Most of these plants will be put into operation sequentially in a couple years. The paper will present the operational and construction status of NPPs in China. As the reactor fleet increases, the requirement for uranium will also substantially increase. Due to declining air quality, as atmospheric pollution spreads rapidly from northern parts to southern parts of China, the option to develop nuclear power has become the highest priority. Uranium demand will be the key to support the expanded nuclear power in the future. Current and future requirements of uranium and the envisaged supply strategy will be discussed. Domestic production is seen as one of the channels to meet the increased requirement. As the uranium price remain low, there will be limited the expansion of domestic production in the short term. The exploration of economic resources is being promoted. Decreasing production costs is mandated in operations due to low uranium prices at present. Development of overseas uranium resources is another channel to supply for the NPPs. Through acquisition of uranium mining projects, advanced uranium projects and exploration projects, China can meet the requirement of NPPs in the long-term. Joint venture partnership is also flexible option for developing uranium resources overseas. Purchasing uranium in the market is the third option. Complementing the supply by domestic production and overseas development, purchase of uranium product in the market is a simple and easy option. Advantages and disadvantages of these three channels and how these can be combined into an integrated strategy of supply and the proprotionate weightage of each channel for the potential future supply of uranium to the NNP fleet will be discussed. (author)

[en] Highlights: • Nanostructure of spun-on and spray-on PEDOT:PSS thin films is studied. • A correlation is established between the film nanostructure and electrical conductivity. • Effect of process parameters is studied on the film characteristics. • A high solution concentration, high process temperature and multiple deposition layers are recommended. - Abstract: The goal of this paper is to study the characteristics of PEDOT:PSS thin films and the effects of varying the processing parameters on the structure, functionality, and surface wetting of spun-on and spray-on PEDOT:PSS thin films. PEDOT:PSS is a polymer mixture, which is electrically conductive and transparent and, therefore, is an attractive material for some optoelectronic applications, such as organic and perovskite solar cells. In this work, the films are fabricated using spin coating (a lab-scale method) and spray coating (an up-scalable method). The effects of spinning speed, drying time, and post-annealing temperature on spun-on samples and the effects of the substrate temperature and number of spray passes (deposition layers) on spray-on samples, as well as the effect of precursor solution concentration on both cases are investigated. Various characterization tools, such as AFM, SEM, XRD, confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and electrical conductivity measurements are used to determine the film roughness, thickness, structure, and morphology. The solution precursor physical data, such as contact angle on glass substrates, viscosity, and interfacial tension, are also obtained within a practical range of temperatures and concentrations. It is found that in both spin and spray coating routes, only well-controlled operating conditions result in the formation of conductive and defect-free PEDOT:PSS films. The formation of PEDOT:PSS thin films with small grains composed of PEDOT forming the core of the grains and PSS forming a shell or coating, which are evenly distributed in a PSS-rich matrix, is favored. Conditions leading to the above-mentioned electrically conductive scenario are identified. Other topics, such as the formation of defects and dewetting, are also elucidated

[en] The thermodynamic properties, including activity coefficients, osmotic coefficients and excess Gibbs free energy for RbCl and Rb₂SO₄ aqueous mixtures at T=298.15 K and in 0.01 mol · kg^-1 to 5 mol · kg^-1 ionic strength, were determined by emf measurements. The Rb-ISE and Ag-AgCl electrodes used in this work were prepared in our laboratory and had a reasonably good Nernst response. The experimental data were fitted by using the Harned rule and Pitzer model. The Harned coefficients and the Pitzer binary and ternary interaction parameters for the system have been evaluated. The experimental results obey the Harned rule. The Pitzer model can be used to describe this aqueous system satisfactorily

[en] Present phase laser range finder system mostly adopts the phase detection methods of fixed optical ruler and constant mixing frequency. However, its phase detection accuracy is comparatively low when the measuring range varies continuously and its operational speed is also slow. Being directed against this situation, the thesis proposes a new phase detection system on the basis of adaptive frequency conversion. The experiments show that the phase detection accuracy of this new system is superior to 1/1000, and the operational speed is twice as before

[en] Presently there are 28 units of Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) under construction in China. These plants will be put into operation sequentially, mostly in the next couple of years. With the new NPPs operational, the requirement for uranium will increase substantially. As the air pollution spreads rapidly from northern part to the southern part, the choice to develop nuclear power has become a priority. Hence the uranium supply will be the key issue to support the development of nuclear power plant in the future. This paper will present the current requirement of uranium and potential demand in the future and the supply strategy envisaged. (author)

[en] Purpose: (A) To assess the role of Varian MPC in our daily QA routine, and (B) evaluate the accuracy and precision of MPC. Methods: The MPC was performed weekly, for five months, on a Varian TrueBeam for five photon (6x, 10x, 15x, 6xFFF, and 10xFFF) and electron (6e, 9e, 12e, 16e, and 20e) energies. Output results were compared to those determined with an ionization chamber (TN30001, PTW-Freiburg) in plastic and a daily check device (DQA3, Sun Nuclear). Consistency of the Mechanical measurements over five months was analyzed and compared to monthly IsoCal results. Results: The MPC randomly showed large deviations (3–7%) that disappeared upon reacquisition. The MPC output closely matched monthly ion chamber and DQA3 measurements. The maximum and mean absolute difference between monthly and MPC was 1.18% and 0.28±0.21% for all energies. The maximum and mean absolute difference between DQA3 and MPC was 3.26% and 0.85±0.61%. The results suggest the MPC is comparable to the DQA3 for measuring output. The DQA3 provides wedge output, flatness, symmetry, and energy constancy checks, which are missing from the current implementation of the MPC. However, the MPC provides additional mechanical tests, such as size of the radiation isocenter (0.33±0.02 mm) and its coincidence with MV and kV isocenters (0.17±0.05 and 0.21±0.03 mm). It also provides positional accuracy of individual jaws (maximum σ, 0.33mm), all the MLC leaves (0.08mm), gantry (0.05°) and collimator (0.13°) rotation angles, and couch positioning (0.11mm) accuracy. MPC mechanical tests could replace our current daily on-board imaging QA routine and provide some additional QA not currently performed. Conclusion: MPC has the potential to be a valuable tool that facilitates reliable daily QA including many mechanical tests that are not currently performed. This system can add to our daily QA, but further development would be needed to fully replace our current Daily QA device.

[en] The ion trap serves as a quantum platform with the potential to facilitate the realization of a scalable, fault-tolerant quantum computer, coupled with a straightforward photonic interface for connection to the so-called quantum network. In this system, multiple ions can be trapped within a single trap and individually controlled via laser manipulation. However, practical implementation faces several challenges, including low photon collection efficiency. Addressing this issue, integrating an optical cavity and establishing strong coupling with the ions in the trap emerges as a potent solution[1], aligning with our ultimate objective. In this study, we have designed a prototype of a monolithic trap, characterized as a linear Paul trap. Notably, the trap can be monolithically fabricated, with the blades supplying distinct electric signals being insulated from one another through a trench structure. The first trap has been fabricated using the selective laser etching method (SLE). Subsequently, we successfully endeavoured to trap both individual ions and ion chains within the trap and are currently engaged in the process of acquiring ion spectroscopy data. However, during the implementation, several potential improvements are spotted, thus, the second generation has started to be designed. In the second-generation trap, a significant modification involves the central section, where the endcap transitions into a spherical shape to enhance DC trapping efficiency. Additionally, four DC compensation blades have been incorporated to counterbalance the effects stemming from the cavity substrate. Comsol simulations on the trapping potential have been conducted to determine optimal compensation voltage and the distance between the blade and ion axis. Furthermore, due to the reduction in the number of cavity modes resulting from the decreased mode volume, the size of the trap has been scaled down to approximately 1cm x 1cm, allowing for closer placement of the cavity mirrors. Another benefit of this reduction in size is the ability to shrink the cavity substrate accordingly, thereby enhancing the mechanical stability of the cavity system. Moreover, the intricate wiring required to transmit electric signals via the feedthrough from outside of the chamber will be replaced by a neat printed circuit board (PCB) positioned beneath the trap itself. This PCB comprises two copper layers insulated by a dielectric layer, and the trap will be wirebonded to the PCB using gold wires. To create additional space for optical access, we intend to implement a type of PCB known as a rigid-flex PCB. In this configuration, the rigid part mirrors a standard PCB, while the flexible part, composed of polyimide, is foldable.[2] Leveraging this foldable feature, multiple dimensions within the chamber can be utilized to construct the most suitable configuration for laser beam alignment. As of the conference date, the fabrication of the prototype for the second-generation trap is anticipated to be completed, as well as the final assembly with the new PCB. [1]Takahashi, Hiroki, et al. ^Strong coupling of a single ion to an optical cavity. Physical review letters 124.1 (2020): 013602. [2]Sterman, Yoav. PCB Origami: Folding circuit boards into electronic products. Diss. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013.

[en] The repair of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs), DNA lesions induced by ultraviolet light, was studied at nucleotide resolution. Human fibroblasts were irradiated with ultraviolet light and allowed to repair. The DNA was enzymatically cleaved at the CPDs, and the induced breaks along the promoter and exon 1 of the PGK1 gene were mapped by ligation-mediated polymerase chain reaction. Repair rates within the nontranscribed strand varied as much as 15-fold, depending on nucleotide position. Preferential repair of the transcribed strand began just downstream of the transcription start site but was most pronounced beginning at nucleotide +140 in exon 1. The promoter contained two slowly repaired regions that coincided with two transcription factor binding sites