[en] The increasing demand for rare earth elements (REE) in the field of ''green technologies'' on the one hand and the shortage of raw materials on the world markets on the other hand confronted also Bavaria as an industrial location with growing supply problems in these ''high tech raw materials''. The aim of exploration was the clarification of the feedstock REE potential of heavy mineral concentrates which are obtained in the industrial extraction and processing of sand and kaolin in existing extraction operations in northern Bavaria as by catch and are potentially winnable or marketable. The in-depth investigation enabled the potential of found rare earth elements and other high-tech metal oxides that can be classified as very likely find it in terms of an economic recovery.

[en] By the use of a thin highly oriented pyrolytic graphite crystal (HOPG) bent to a high-performance ellipsoidal shape it was possible to focus monochromatic x-rays of 4.5 keV photon energy with an efficiency of 0.0033, which is 30 times larger than for previously used bent crystals. Isotropic TiK_alpha radiation of a 150 μm source was focused onto a 450 μm spot. The size of the focal spot can be explained by broadening due to the mosaic crystal rocking curve. The rocking curve width (FWHM) of the thin graphite foil was determined to 0.11 deg. . The estimated temporal broadening of an ultrashort Kalpha pulse by the crystal is not larger than 300 fs. These properties make the x-ray optic very attractive for ultrafast time-resolved x-ray measurements

[en] ⁶⁷Ga accumulates in various malignant tumors and parenchymatous tissues. It was found to be associated with the soluble fraction of lysosomes. The present work investigates the mechanism of ⁶⁷Ga accumulation in normal liver cells. Lysosomes were isolated from rat liver after intravenous injection of carrier free ⁶⁷Ga. The soluble lysosomal was obtained by sonication followed by centrifugation at 105,000 xg for 2 hrs. After staining with Coomassie blue 18 separated protein bands were apparent. ⁶⁷Ga distribution within the gels was assessed by direct counting of radioactivity in gel slices. A considerable amount of the intralysosomal protein bound radioactivity migrated with a relative mobility of 0.36 corresponding to a protein band of molecular weight 85,000 - 90,000. This peak corresponded to the peak of ⁶⁷Ga labelled purified transferrin in control gels. These data were confirmed by immunoelectrophoresis combined with autoradiography: within the soluble lysosomal fraction a slight transferrrin line could be identified. We conclude that ⁶⁷Ga which is transported in the blood by transferrin and taken up by the hepatic cell through endocytosis is accumulated in the lysosomes associated with transferrin and its degraded fragments. (orig./GSE)

[en] ESR dates obtained at Menez-Dregan 1 (Brittany, France) focus interest on this Lower Paleolithic site and demonstrate that the preserved anthropic combustion structures are among the oldest known in the world. It allows the dating not only of the little known 'Colombanian Group' (it is an 'archaic' original group characterized by many choppers and very few handaxes, different from the Acheulian), but also, for the first time, of the old beaches on the southern coast of Brittany. Preserved bone remains are also very infrequent in Palaeolithic sites of Western France. The dating of the paleolithic layer at the top of the third fossil beach can be connected with isotopic stage 11 or the beginning of isotopic stage 10; it shows that the age of the geological and archaeological layers of Menez-Dregan 1 is probably between 350.000 and 500.000 years