[en] Objective: To explore the incidence and significance of intra- and extraosseous edema accompanying benign tumors and tumor like diseases. Methods: Imaging studies including MR, CT and plain radiograph were retrospectively reviewed in 245 cases of benign osseous tumors and tumor like diseases proved by pathology(borderline tumor, cases associated with pathological fractures, cases with lesions of skull were excluded from the study). The incidence of bone marrow and soft tissue edema were defined on T₂WI with fat suppression on MRI in all the cases. χ² test was performed for the incidence rate of edema in the benign tumors and tumor like diseases. The pre-operative diagnoses were reviewed, and the influence of edema to the differential diagnosis between the benign and malignant was analyzed. Results: The total incidence of bone marrow and soft tissue edema associated with benign tumors and tumor like diseases was 37.1%(91/245), which included Langerhans cell histiocytosis 85.2%(23/27), osteoblastoma 85.0%(17/20), osteoid osteoma 93.6%(29/31), chondroblastoma 87.0%(20/23). There was no statistically significant difference of edema incidence among the above-mentioned four diseases. (χ² = 6.35, P > 0.05). Both cases of endosteal capillary hemangioma had edema around. No edema was found around the lesions of other kinds of diseases. 41 of 91 cases (45.1%) with edema were misdiagnosed as malignant tumor by MRI pre-operatively. Conclusion: The marrow and soft tissue edema is a common sign in the benign bone tumor and tumor-like diseases, and it is frequently seen in Langerhans cell histiocytosis, osteoblastoma, osteoid osteoma, chondroblastoma. (authors)

[en] Vitiligo, an acquired pigmentary disorder of the skin, is characterized by a chronic and progressive loss of melanocyte from the epidermis and follicular reservoir. Growth factor of surrounding cells impacted on melanocytes survival. In this study, lower level of IGF-1 in the lesion was found than that in the donor area of vitiligo patients. IGF-1 improved activation of Nrf2, and inhibited ROS generation and endoplasmic reticulum dilation in HaCaT. C57BL/6 mice were treated with 5% H₂O₂, and combined with 50 μg/kg of IGF-1 pre-treatment or not once every day for 50 consecutive days. After 50 days, IGF-1 obviously ameliorated depigmentation of mice skin and reduced hair follicle length, skin thickness and Tyrosinase induced by H₂O_2. Moreover, IGF-1 significantly suppressed CD8⁺ T cells infiltration in mice skin, inhibited the production of IL-2 and IFN-γ, and decreased the expression of CXCL10 and CXCR3. Thus, the results indicated that IGF-1 could resist oxidative damage to HaCaT, suppress CD8⁺ T cells infiltration and pro-inflammatory cytokines secretion, and suppresses the thinning of epidermal layer in vivo. It suggests that IGF-1 inhibits oxidative damage to HaCaT and immunosuppressive effects on CD8⁺ T cells proliferation and activation to resist depigmentation induced by H₂O₂. This disclosed its multiple roles in the vitiligo, and shed a light on developing the application potential for IGF-1 in vitiligo.