[en] Thermographic and x-ray phase analysis methods were used to study the basic salts Sc(OH)₂.₃₂(SO₄)₀.₃₄, y(OH)₂(SO₄)₀.₅, y(OH)₂.₆Cl₀.₄, and y(OH)₂.₆(NO₃)₀.₄, schemes for their thermal decay are presented. It is noted that the basic salts have a weak crystalline structure

[en] Crystallization kinetics for fluorozirconate glass of the ZrF₄-BaF₂-LaF₃-AlF₃-NaF system is investigated. The rate of nucleation in the temperature interval from 240 to 310 deg C and linear velocity of crystal growth in the range from 240 to 380 deg C are determined. The part of a crystalline phase is calculated from the concentration and sizes of crystallites determined by the method of laser ultramicroscopy

[en] Short note

[en] An orientational dependence of the neutrons yield from a silicon monocrystal under the action of an electron beam with an energy of 1200 MeV has been measured. The electron beam with an emittance of better than 2x10^-4 rad hits a silicon crystal 190 μm thick. The monocrystal was oriented along the electron beam by means of a goniometer with an accuracy of 5x10^-5 rad. The analysis of the obtained orientational dependence showed that the maximum neutron yield is observed at a zero orientation, when the monocrystal axis [111] is parallel to the electron beam direction. The Jsub(or)sup(h)/Jsub(dis)sup(h) ratio reaches 3.8, where Jsub(or)sup(h) is the neutron intensity at a zero orientation, and Jsub(dis)sup(h) is the neutron intensity in a disoriented crystal. The experimental data are in agreement with calculations. It is also shown that interaction of the electron beam with monocrystals results in a considerable increase of the neutron yield as compared with amorphous targets

[en] The effect of phase purity of glass ZrF₄-BaF₂-LaF₃-AlF₃-NaF on the nucleation rate W and the linear growth rate of crystals V has been studied. The temperature dependence W(T) and V(T) was found for two specimens of glasses of the same composition with different initial content of the scattering centers. Kinetic parameters of crystallization are sensitive to initial content of phase heterogeneities in glass

[en] A study was made on the nature of radiation color centers (RCC) in four-component glasses based on zirconium fluoride of the ZrF₄-BaF₂(CaF₂)-LaF₃-NaF type. RCC in these glasses were created by irradiation with γ-quanta from a ⁶⁰Co source (dose rate approximately 500 rad/s) by 10⁴-10⁸ rad doses. Two radiation paramagnetic centers with g-factors g₁=2.02/center 1) and g₂=1.86 (center 2), which correspond to the spectrum bands of induced absorption with maximums at 0.34 and 0.44 μm, were identified in the EPR spectra of the irradiated glasses. It is shown that the nature of center 2 is specified by the Zr³⁺ formation as a result of electron capture by Zr⁴⁺ ion and center 1 by the presence of radiation defects in crystalline and amorphous phases of the glass

[en] Anhydrous tellurite glasses on the basis of binary system 70 mol % TeO₂-30 mol % ZnCl₂, containing from 0.1 to 3.0 wt.% of alloying additions in the form of trivalent ions of rare earth elements (R = Nd, Pr, Tb, Er, Yb, Ho) were synthesized. Physicochemical, luminescent and magnetooptic properties of the tellurite glasses were studied, being compared with properties of fluorozirconate and phosphate glasses

[en] The heat capacity C⁰_p of (TeO₂)_n(ZnO)_1-n (n = 0.65, 0.70, 0.80) tellurite glasses has been determined by precision adiabatic (6-350 K) and dynamic scanning (320-650 K) calorimetry. The thermodynamic characteristics of their devitrification and glassy state have been determined. The experimental data have been used to calculate the standard thermodynamic functions of samples in the glassy and supercooled liquid states (0-650 K): heat capacity C⁰_p(T), enthalpy H⁰(T)-H⁰(0), entropy S⁰(T)-S⁰(0), and Gibbs function G⁰(T)-H⁰(0). Multifractal processing of the low-temperature heat capacity data has been used to assess the character of structural heterodynamicity of the tellurite glasses. The heat capacity of the glasses has been analyzed in comparison with that of their constituent oxides. The composition dependences of the glass transition temperature, crystallization onset temperature, and thermodynamic functions at 298.15 and 600 K have been obtained

[en] On the basis of TeO₂-WO₃ binary system the glasses activated with Er³⁺ and Yb³⁺ ions are synthesized. The dependence of erbium photoluminescence intensity on ytterbium concentration is investigated in visible and IR-ranges. The maximum value of photoluminescence intensity is obtained at erbium-ytterbium molar ratio of 1:1. The lifetime of luminescence in the best tellurite glasses constitutes of 7-9 ms

[en] The heat capacity of (TeO₂)_n(WO₃)_1-n tellurite glasses with n 0.75, 0.78, 0.85, and 0.90 has been determined using precision adiabatic calorimetry (6-350 K) and dynamic scanning calorimetry (320-650 K), and the thermodynamic characteristics of their glassy state and devitrification have been evaluated. The experimental heat capacity data have been used to calculate the standard thermodynamic functions of the glassy and supercooled liquid states at temperatures from T → 0 to 650 K: heat capacity C_p⁰(T), enthalpy H⁰(T) - H⁰(0), entropy S⁰(T), and Gibbs function G⁰(T) - H⁰(0). The character of structural heterodynamicity of the tellurite glasses has been assessed by processing the low-temperature heat capacity data using the multifractal formulation of the Debye theory of heat capacity of solids. The composition dependences of the devitrification temperature and 298.15-K thermodynamic functions have been obtained, and the 298.15-K C_p⁰ of tellurium dioxide has been estimated. The thermal and thermodynamic properties of the (TeO₂)_n(WO₃)_1-n tellurite glasses have been compared with those of (TeO₂)_n(ZnO)_1-n glasses