[en] The importance on dosimetry and several methods for physical dose measurement and their practicability after photon external irradiation accidents are briefly discussed. Among these are the methods of thermoluminescence (TL) and electron spin resonance (ESR). Other techniques of physical dose measurements are also presented concisely

[en] The thermoluminescence (Tl) characteristics of the ruby of watches as an accident dosimeter are reported. The results showed that the reproducibility of the dosimeter was good under well-controlled conditions and rigorous annealing procedures were not needed. The response was linear with dose in the range of 10 to 1000 R. The lower limit of measurable dose was about 100 mR. The ruby were sensitive to light. Although different rubies manifested their different fading characteristics, the satisfactory results could still be obtained by ^self-calibration^. The watch rubies and the dosimetic procedures established have been used for estimating accident dose

[en] We investigate wave-vector filtering and spin filtering for electrons tunneling through a magnetic double-barrier and double-well quantum structure in the presence of an external electric field, where the double magnetic wells are within or outside the double magnetic barriers. It is shown that electronic resonant tunneling shows strong wave-vector-dependent enhancement and suppression as the applied bias increases. It is also shown that although the current density decreases with the strength of the inhomogeneous magnetic field increasing, the degree of spin polarization is generally enhanced and shows a more wider and nearly 100% spin polarization plateau in small external bias range. The general rules for relations between wave-vector filtering and the magnetic configuration as well as between spin filtering and the magnetic configuration are summarized and explained

[en] Referring to the experience of intervention measures taken for protecting the public after Chernobyl accident and to recent knowledge of source terms of reactor accidents, the noticeable aspects of selecting of intervention measures for nuclear accidents is discussed

[en] A serious radiation accident happened an a ⁶⁰Co irradiation facility in Shanghai. 7 workers were uniformly exposed acutely. An investigation was done after the accident and a conclusion was achieved that the irregular operation was the direct reason for the accident. The operation of these workers did not comply with the requirements specified in the national standards--<< Standards for radiation protection and safety for ⁶⁰ irradiation facility>> which demands that the examination should be done every day before operation, and the irradiation facility does not stop running when the auto-lock safety system on that facility has been removed. Some lessons should be drawn from the accident: popularizing the culture of safety, enhancing the law of safety, and ensuring the operation of radiation devices within the demands of safety

[en] An introduction to ICRU Report 51 and a review on evolution of quantities used in radiation protection dosimetry are made. Some problems relating to their relationships and applications are discussed

[en] 2-(Methylthio)aniline-modified Amberlite XAD-2 has been synthesized by coupling it through a ---N=N---NH--- group. The resulting chelating resin, characterized by elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis and infrared spectra, was used to preconcentrate Cd, Hg, Ni, Co, Cu and Zn ions. Several parameters, such as the distribution coefficient and sorption capacity of the chelating resin, pH and flow rates of uptake and stripping, and volume of sample and eluent, were evaluated. The effect of electrolytes and cations on the preconcentration was also investigated. The recoveries were >96%. The procedure was validated by standard addition and analysis of a standard river sediment material (GBW 08301, China). The developed method was utilized for preconcentration and determination of Cd, Hg, Ni, Co, Cu and Zn in tap water and river water samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry with satisfactory results. The 3σ detection limit and 10σ quantification limit for Cd, Hg, Ni, Co, Cu and Zn were found to be 0.022, 0.028, 0.033, 0.045, 0.041, 0.064 μg l^-1 and 0.041, 0.043, 0.052, 0.064, 0.058, 0.083 μg l^-1, respectively

[en] Objective: To study the energy deposition micro-specialty of ions in body-tissue or tissue equivalent material (TEM). Methods: The water vapor was determined as the tissue equivalent material, based on the analysis to the body-tissue, and Monte Carlo method was used to simulate the behavior of proton in the tissue equivalent material. Some features of the energy deposition micro-specialty of ion in tissue equivalent material were obtained through the analysis to the data from calculation. Results: The ion will give the energy by the way of excitation and ionization in material, then the secondary electrons will be generated in the progress of ionization, these electron will finished ions energy deposition progress. When ions deposited their energy, large amount energy will be in the core of tracks, and secondary electrons will devote its' energy around ion track, the ion dose distribution is then formed in TEM. Conclusions: To know biological effects of radiation , the research to dose distribution of ions is of importance(significance). (authors)

[en] The pool-type experimental reactor in Qinghua university has been used for irradiation of large and small animals, and other specimens. By using lead filters with different thickness, neutron-gamma radiation mixed fields were formed of four different neutron to gamma radiation kerma ratios (N/G). The paper presents the methods and results of dosimetry for irradiation of mice and other small-sized specimens. During irradiation, mice and other specimens were placed in a container made up of two-layer lucite disks with diameter of 71 cm. The container can be driven to rotate around its axis, thus allowing same doses being received by all the specimens, which located along the circumference of the disk. The absorbed doses in the mouse phantoms and the kermas at the relevant positions were measured by the paired ionization chambers method. The distribution of kerma rates along the circumference of the disk is given. The ratio of the absorbed dose to kerma for the mouse was determined to be 0.90 for the condition of N/G = 8.4. The result is compared with the ratios for fission neutron irradiation reported in the literature

[en] A novel chelating resin (poly-Cd(II)-DAAB-VP) was prepared by metal ion imprinted polymer (MIIP) technique. The resin was obtained by one pot reaction of Cd(II)-diazoaminobenzene-vinylpyridine with cross-linker ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate (EGDMA). Comparing with non-imprinted resin, the poly-Cd(II)-DAAB-VP has higher adsorption capacity and selectivity for Cd(II). The distribution ratio (D) values for the Cd(II)-imprinted resin show increase for Cd(II) with respect to both D values of Zn(II), Cu(II), Hg(II) and non-imprinted resin. The relatively selective factor (α_r) values of Cd(II)/Cu(II), Cd(II)/Zn(II) and Cd(II)/Hg(II), are 51.2, 45.6, and 85.4, which are greater than 1. poly-Cd(II)-DAAB-VP can be used at least 20 times without considerable loss of adsorption capacity. Based on poly-Cd(II)-DAAB-VP packed columns, a highly selective solid-phase extraction (SPE) and preconcentration method for Cd(II) from aqueous solution was developed. The MIIP-SPE preconcentration procedure showed a linear calibration curve within concentration range from 0.093 to 30 μg l^-1. The detection limit and quantification limit were 0.093 and 0.21 μg l^-1 (3σ) for flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The relative standard deviation of the eleven replicate determinations was 3.7% for the determination of 10 μg of Cd(II) in 100 ml water sample. Determination of Cd(II) in certified river sediment sample (GBW 08301) demonstrated that the interfering matrix had been almost removed during preconcentration. The column was good enough for Cd(II) determination in matrixes containing components with similar chemical property such as Cu(II), Zn(II) and Hg(II)