[en] This paper presents the main challenges faced by regulators and TSOs in communicating with the public. The Fukushima Daiichi Accident underlined the importance of effective communication during crisis situations and as well drew more attention to the need of improving day-to-day communication approaches. All the nuclear regulatory organizations have been confronted with the same challenges to promote good communication environments for the public in which clear, consistent, and technically sound messages are continuously provided to ensure the public understands their commitments to protecting them from any possible nuclear related problems. After identifying the main challenges in public communication, understanding the respective roles of regulators and TSOs is addressed. From the coherent communication perspective, regulators and TSOs should work together effectively as to provide a synergy. In order to do that, regulators should be well supported by TSOs to reach the same goal to get the public confidence. A global approach is also discussed to be more proactive in communicating with the international public dealing with the same challenges to address the public’s concern in a more effective and coherent way. As one of the global approaches, OECD/NEA/CNRA Working Group on Public Communication of Nuclear Regulatory Organizations (WGPC) activities is presented. In order to share national communication practices, Korea Institute of Nuclear Safety (KINS) activities is also introduced. As a unique TSO, KINS has greatly contributed to enhance the public’s understanding about its nuclear regulatory activities by supporting the Nuclear Safety and Security Commission (NSSC, Korean regulatory authority) and also carrying out its own outreach activities to cover various stakeholders and the public. (author)

[en] A session of the NEA International Mentoring Workshop in Science and Engineering series took place at the National Research Nuclear University in Moscow, Russia. In collaboration with the Russian State Nuclear Energy Corporation, Rosatom, female university students engaged in direct conversations with successful women who are national and international leaders in their fields to discuss their career paths and experiences. With the motivation of improving the gender balance in technical fields, this series of workshops focuses on encouraging and retaining young women on track towards technical careers while also highlighting the importance of consolidating their technical and leadership skills

[en] The year 2015 continued to be one of significant change, both in relation to the Agency and the global context within which it operates. As countries around the world plan aggressive nuclear power plant construction programmes, prepare to phase out and decommission plants, or to both build and retire plants simultaneously, issues of economics, waste management, public communication and nuclear safety continue to dominate the global discussion regarding nuclear power. As many countries work to absorb the outcome of the COP21 negotiations at the end of 2015, it is becoming increasingly likely that the future of nuclear power will be determined in great respect by non-traditional suppliers and new entrant countries. As reflected in this year's Annual Report, the NEA completed a significant revision of its management structure, which, it is hoped, will enable it to be more flexible, more efficient and more focused on the issues of greatest concern to its member countries. Our members provided input via the process of developing the new Strategic Plan of the Nuclear Energy Agency: 2017-2022, reaffirming their desire to maintain a sharp focus on nuclear safety as our most important mission area, while also reaffirming the vital importance of the NEA as a leading forum for technology cooperation, economic analysis and scientific investigation. In that respect, the NEA's new role as the institutional home of the International Framework for Nuclear Energy Cooperation (IFNEC) continues the Agency's coverage of complex issues associated with the deployment of new nuclear power plants. The NEA also launched the Nuclear Innovation 2050 initiative in 2015, through which NEA hopes to develop a coordinated international agenda for priority nuclear technology research and development on issues ranging from advanced fuel cycles to improved technology and methods for decommissioning retired plants. In all, 2015 was a year of both continued success for the NEA and a year of transition. As old ways of doing business give way to the realities of constrained resources and increasing diversity of views and direction within NEA's member countries, NEA remains focused on the core activities that make it the premier forum for cooperation among countries with the most developed and experienced nuclear infrastructures. Contents: I. Message from the Director-General; II. Nuclear Power in 2015; III. The Fukushima Daiichi Accident and NEA Follow-up; IV. NEA Activities by Sector: Nuclear Development, Nuclear Safety and Regulation, Human Aspects of Nuclear Safety, Radioactive Waste Management, Radiological Protection, Nuclear Science, Data Bank, Legal Affairs; V. General Information: Information and Communications, Organisational Structure of the NEA, NEA Publications and Brochures Produced in 2015

[en] Countries around the world continue to implement safety improvements and corrective actions based on lessons learnt from the 11 March 2011 accident at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant. This report provides a high-level summary and update on these activities, and outlines further lessons learnt and challenges identified for future consideration. It focuses on actions taken by NEA committees and NEA member countries, and as such is complementary to reports produced by other international organisations. It is in a spirit of openness and transparency that NEA member countries share this information to illustrate that appropriate actions are being taken to maintain and enhance the level of safety at their nuclear facilities. Nuclear power plants are safer today because of these actions. High-priority follow-on items identified by NEA committees are provided to assist countries in continuously benchmarking and improving their nuclear safety practices. (authors)

[en] The risk perception gap between experts and lay people is based on the use of different concept on risk. It is getting increasingly important for nuclear practitioners to understand the lay people's subjective perception on nuclear safety. We proposed the nuclear effective safety index (NESI) which is based on data of the public survey of local inhabitants. We extracted the four factors for effective safety indicators; communication, trust, plant emergency response capability, and personal emergency coping skills. The latest NESI was 41.54, which was increased from 38.22 but still low. The three-year data of NESI showed the differences between genders and between sites as well as trend. The survey of antecedents of effective safety showed some meaningful events and profound differences between plant employees and local inhabitants. The NESI can be utilized as useful communication tool between the local inhabitants and nuclear practitioners. (authors)

[en] Much has been learnt in the ten years since the Great Eastern Japan Earthquake and the subsequent accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, but significant challenges still remain. This report presents the current situation at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant and the responses by Japanese authorities and the international community since the accident. It will assist both policy makers and the general public to understand the multi-dimensional issues stemming from the accident. These include disaster recovery, compensation for damages, nuclear safety, nuclear regulation, radiation protection, plant decommissioning, radioactive waste management, psycho-social issues in the community and societal resilience. Building on two previous reports released by the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) in 2013 and 2016, the report examines the plant's future, that of the affected region and population, as well as outlining areas for further improvement and how the international community can help.

[en] Much has been learnt in the ten years since the Great Eastern Japan Earthquake and the subsequent accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, but significant challenges still remain. This report presents the current situation at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant and the responses by Japanese authorities and the international community since the accident. It will assist both policymakers and the general public to understand the multi-dimensional issues stemming from the accident. These include disaster recovery, compensation for damages, nuclear safety, nuclear regulation, radiation protection, plant decommissioning, radioactive waste management, psycho-social issues in the community and societal resilience. Building on two previous reports released by the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) in 2013 and 2016, the report examines the plant's future, that of the affected region and population, as well as outlining areas for further improvement and how the international community can help. This report is the Japanese version of report NEA--7558

[en] 'Social media' is a term referring to various activities that integrate technology, social interaction and content creation. Social media can also be thought of as a way of using technology to 'enable conversations' that take place outside of the constraints of time and location - people can access the information any time of the day or night, from anywhere. Social media builds on the communication advances - and advantages of the Internet - but has increasingly become a communication vehicle far surpassing its predecessor. It is fast, cheap to the consumer, easily available and part of the fabric of people's lives. Social media also magnifies information as it enables conversation that everyone can participate in. Videos 'go viral' and are seen by millions of people, tweets are re-tweeted again and again, and information is 'shared' to multiplicities of friends on Facebook. Public relations practitioners around the world have been paying attention to social media as an important communication tool. Research done in 2010 by the public relations firm Burston-Marsteller found that eight of 10 Fortune Global 100 companies used at least one of the most popular social media platforms i.e. Twitter, Facebook, YouTube or corporate blogging. In the United States, virtually all of the major federal agencies use at least some of the 'big four' platforms. Many, if not all, of the nuclear regulatory organisations (NROs) represented in the Working Group on Public Communication use at least some social media. At a minimum, they are monitoring social media as they are also monitoring traditional media. However, a post-Fukushima informal poll indicated many nations' nuclear regulators are looking at broadening their social media use, although some may not know how to proceed, and everyone can benefit from the 'lessons learned' by others. This report outlines the most popular social media tools available today, provides tips and techniques that have worked for nuclear regulators around the world, and when appropriate, provides case studies and links to help regulators create, maintain or improve their social media usage. It is important to note that social media moves very quickly, and many of the statistics provided by the NROs for initial versions of this report are now outdated. In addition, in some instances, NROs not cited in this report are now using social media platforms as new additions to their communication and outreach programs. It is also expected that new social media platforms will be presenting themselves as future options, and some platforms may fall out of favour over time. With that in mind, this report will be fully updated with new information, statistics and case studies in a few years. To make it easy to access online, and to enhance readability, the web sites cited throughout this report are embedded in the text rather than written out in their entirety. (authors)

[en] The decisions made about exposure to ionising radiation tend to be driven by subjective judgements about the health risks that radiation exposure may cause. In order to reach decisions that are effective and sustainable, it is essential for nuclear safety regulators, governments, nuclear facility operators and other nuclear energy decision makers to communicate scientific, technical and regulatory information regarding radiological and other risks to all stakeholders. Communicating such information can be complex since people judge and evaluate risks differently depending on the context and on their perceptions of risk. In this context, the Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) organised the 'Stakeholder Involvement Workshop on Risk Communication: Towards a Shared Understanding of Radiological Risks' in September 2019. The workshop provided an opportunity for participants to share perspectives and lessons learnt in risk communication, identifying what has been effective and what has been less effective in the various cases. By understanding how situation-specific factors influence risk communication, a common framework addressing such circumstances can begin to emerge. This report attempts to capture the collective wisdom generated over the three days of interactions in the hope that the knowledge gained from this workshop will benefit governments and citizens alike

[en] The Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) is a semi-autonomous body within the framework of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), located just outside Paris, France. The objective of the Agency is to assist its member countries in maintaining and further developing, through international co-operation, the scientific, technological and legal bases required for a safe, environmentally sound and economical use of nuclear energy for peaceful purposes. It provides authoritative assessments and forges common understandings on key issues as input to government decisions on nuclear energy policy and to broader OECD analyses in areas such as energy and the sustainable development of low-carbon economies. These 2018 and 2001 brochures present: the NEA Divisions (Nuclear Safety Technology and Regulation, Radioactive Waste Management and Decommissioning, Radiological Protection and Human Aspects of Nuclear Safety, Nuclear Science, Nuclear Technology Development and Economics, Legal Affairs), the NEA Data Bank, the NEA international initiatives, the Secretariat-serviced bodies and the NEA organisational structure