[en] Through the comparison of the SGTR accident evolution process of China's independent intellectual property third-generation passive pressurized water reactor (Guo He One) with that of a mature domestic nuclear power unit (CPR1000) without or with operator intervention, presents the differences between the two in terms of reactor coolant system (RCS) cooling and pressure reduction means, steam generator state management, main pump state, radioactive consequences, damaged steam generator heat pipe (SG) pressure reduction means, and the differences in the possibility of radioactive release. This comparative analysis is convenient for operators to take more targeted intervention measures to make the intervention effect more effective. (author)

[en] Pulsed operation of a 126 x 12 x 6 mm³ Nd:YAG slab laser is described. The output energy from the free-running oscillator is 24 J/shot with an efficiency of 2.5%, and that from the Q-switched laser is 860 mJ/shot with a pulse width of 12∼15 ns and a swiching efficiency of 72%

[en] High permittivity materials have been required to replace traditional SiO₂ as the gate dielectric to extend Moore's law. However, growth of a thin SiO₂-like interfacial layer (IL) is almost unavoidable during the deposition or subsequent high temperature annealing. This limits the scaling benefits of incorporating high-k dielectrics into transistors. In this work, a promising approach, in which an O-scavenging metal layer and a barrier layer preventing scavenged metal diffusing into the high-k gate dielectric are used to engineer the thickness of the IL, is reported. Using a Ti scavenging layer and TiN barrier layer on a HfO₂ dielectric, the effective removal of the IL and almost no Ti diffusing into the HfO₂ have been confirmed by high resolution transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. (semiconductor technology)

[en] By considering the resonant interactions between one of two-level atoms in entangled state with a single mode and double-photon cavity field, and with the help of the evolution of cavity QED, the photon detection for cavity field is carried out. Through controlling the interaction time and the parameters of light fields as well as the entanglement degree of two entangled atoms in the initial state, the stronger non-classical effects of the atoms outside the cavity, such as atomic dipole squeezing phenomenon, are controlled. Simultaneously, using the same method, the entanglement evolution between two atoms as the channel of the long-distance controlling is also controlled. Thus, the control of quantum characteristics for two-atom system is achieved effectively. And the relation of entanglement and squeezing is found. (authors)

[en] ZnO nanomaterials were prepared by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis ejecting technique with Al, Cu₂O, ZnO and SnO power reagents as raw materials. The structure and morphology were characterized by XRD, SEM and FTIR methods. The synthesis mechanism of ZnO nanomaterials was discussed. The results showed that single ZnO with hexagonal wurtzite structure was prepared by high-temperature combustion synthesis ejecting method. The products exhibited nanowire morphology, accompanied by granular and flaky morphologies. According to the analysis, the formation mechanism of ZnO nanomaterials is as follows: The reactant is heated to the molten liquid state by exothermic reaction of thermite powder, a self-ejecting system consisting of porous film with high melting point and low density, molten substances to be prepared and ejecting additives is formed by utilizing the difference of specific gravity and melting point between compounds. The substances to be prepared are ejected through the holes of the porous film by the gas released from the ejecting additives, and finally nanomaterials are obtained. (paper)

[en] To confirm the suitable conditions for field identification of the grape powdery mildew, and screen effective molecular marker probe for powdery mildew resistance in grape, 8 cultivated grape varieties (Zaoheibao, Qiuhong Bao, Wanheibao, Jinghongbao, Wuhe Cuibao, Lihongbao, Summer Black, Crimson Seedless) and 2 wild grape varieties (Hejin -1 and Beibinghong) were selected as study materials. By setting different temperature gradient (4, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36℃), the grape leaves were infected by artificial living body of powdery mildew fungus. The agar glass slide method was used to germinate and culture the spores of powdery mildew fungus. And then the germination and infection dynamics were observed. Field natural identification and seedling stage molecular markers (grape powdery mildew resistant RAPD marker OPW02-1756, SCAR marker SCO11-914) were combined to classify and compare the resistance among the 10 grape varieties. The results showed that the optimum temperature of grape powdery mildew spore germination was 32℃. Beibinghong and Hejin -1 were highly resistant varieties (HR). Qiuhongbao and Wanheibao were part of the high sensitive varieties (HS). The others were medium resistant varieties (MR). Moreover, grape powdery mildew resistant RAPD markers OPW02-1756 was applicable for the detection of powdery mildew resistance on Qiuhongbao, Zaoheibao, Wanheibao, Jinghongbao, Lihongbao, Wuhe Cuibao, Summer Black, Crimson Seedless and Hejin -1 but inapplicable for Beibinghong. As for grape powdery mildew resistant SCAR markers SCO11-914, it was applicable for the detection of powdery mildew resistance on Beibinghong and Hejin -1, but inapplicable for Qiuhongbao, Zaoheibao, Wanheibao, Jinghongbao, Lihongbao, Wuhe Cuibao, Summer Black and Crimson Seedless. Both of them were applicable for Hejin -1 grape. The results provide some material and theoretical fundations for grape powdery mildew resistance breeding and hybrids identification. (authors)

[en] TiB₂-TiC-SiC ternary phase ceramics have been prepared by high-gravity activated combustion synthesis using (Ti-Si-B₄C) mixing powders. XRD, FESEM and FETEM results show that the ceramic matrix was mainly composed of TiB₂, TiC and β-SiC. Uniformly-distributed TiB₂ platelets formed the skeleton of ceramics, and irregular TiC and β-SiC solids were embedded between TiB₂ platelets. The relative density, Vickers hardness and fracture toughness of the ternary phase ceramics were measured with values of 97.9 %, 22.2 GPa and 10.1 MPa·m^0.5. The high-fraction randomly-orientated TiB₂ platelets were found to induce continuous crack deflection, and consumed more energy from the crack tip, thereby enhanced the strength and toughness of TiB₂-TiC-SiC ceramics. (paper)

[en] Highlights: • Puffing and evaporation characteristics of acetone–butanol–ethanol and diesel blend. • Increasing of ambient temperature promotes the occurrence and intensity of puffing. • Puffing performance varies non-monotonically with ABE content increasing. • Evaporation duration shows different trends with ABE content at different temperatures. -- Abstract: Puffing and evaporation characteristics of acetone–butanol–ethanol (ABE) and diesel blend droplet under different ABE contents and ambient temperatures were investigated experimentally by using droplet suspension method. Both thermocouple wire and quartz fiber wire were adopted in this experiment to realize the measurement of droplet temperature, and minimize the effect of suspension wire. The experimental results show that, adding ABE component in diesel results in the droplet puffing, and increasing of ambient temperature promotes droplet puffing. With the increasing of ABE content, the onset point of puffing decreases first and then increases, and the average expansion speed and the frequency of puffing increase first and then decrease. Thus, an optimal volume blend ratio exists for puffing, which is found to be around 40%–50% ABE content. The occurrence of puffing decreases the duration of transient heating phase, and promotes the evaporation in the fluctuation evaporation phase. Thus, the overall evaporation duration decreases first and then increases with the ABE content increasing due to the effect of puffing at higher ambient temperature.

[en] We present a novel approach to prepare highly dispersive nano-TiO_2 by in situ growth on functional graphene (FG) via impregnation-hydrothermal method. The functional graphene was obtained by means of triethanolamine to modify graphene oxide. The characterization results collected by Fourier-transform infrared spectra, transmission electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that nano-TiO_2 particles with anatase phase and a narrow size distribution (the average particle size is 5 nm) were dispersed on the surface of FG uniformly. Then, the photocatalytic activity of as-prepared catalyst under UV light was evaluated, and the results showed that it possessed better photocatalytic activity than pure TiO_2 and TiO_2 on GO prepared by similar method. In addition, the as-prepared photocatalyst revealed considerable photocatalytic ability under visible light.

[en] Objective: To investigate the biodistribution of 4-chloro-2-tert-butyl-5-[2-[[1-[2-[2-¹⁸F-fluroethoxy] ethoxymethyl]-1H-1, 2, 3-triazol-4-yl] methyl] phenylmethoxy]-3(2H)-pyridazinone (¹⁸F-MyoZone) and evaluate its clinical potential as a PET myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) tracer in mini-swine. Methods: ¹⁸F-MyoZone was prepared. Twelve Bama mini-swine were intravenously injected with approximately 111 MBq of ¹⁸F-MyoZone to evaluate PET imaging characteristics. Whole-body PET scans were performed at the timing of 5, 20, 40, 60 and 120 min postinjection to measure time-dependent mean stand-ardized uptake value (SUV_mean) in multiple organs of health animals (n = 6). SUV_mean ratios of myocardium/liver and myocardium/lung over time were then calculated. Mini-swine with induced acute myocardial infarction (n = 3) and chronic myocardial ischemia (n = 3) accompanying with health mini-swine (n = 3) were utilized to evaluate the diagnostic capability of ¹⁸F-MyoZone PET MPI. Results: The typical decay-corrected radiochemical yield of ¹⁸F-MyoZone reached (52.0 ± 4.3)% (n = 3) with a high radiochemical purity (> 98%). In the biodistribution study, high initial myocardial uptake (SUV_mean = 10.40 ± 2.40 at 5 min postinjection) and remarkable myocardial retention (SUV_mean = 9.30 ± 2.00 at 120 min postinjection) were observed. The adjacent organs (like the liver and lungs) indicated low tracer uptake and rapid clearance. The heart/liver and heart/lung SUV_mean ratios were 4.77 ± 0.91 and 17.14 ± 5.84 respectively at 5 min postinjection, with an increase to 11.16 ± 1.38 and 21.69 ± 7.09 at 120 min postinjection. In the MPI study of miniswine, normal myocardium demonstrated uniform tracer distribution with clearly visualizable myocardial boundary, infarct myocardium and severe ischemia myocardium performed intense resting perfusion defect, and ischemia myocardium revealed reversible perfusion defect by stress/rest MPI. The myocardial image quality remained stable within 120 min postinjection. Conclusions: MPI with ¹⁸F-MyoZone exhibits high initial myocardial uptake and low extracardiac activities in adjacent organs. Advantages in early imaging and wide diagnostic time window make it a promising PET MPI tracer. (authors)