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Juliusson, E.
CEA Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires de Saclay, 91 - Gif-sur-Yvette (France). Service d'Electronique Physique1975
CEA Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires de Saclay, 91 - Gif-sur-Yvette (France). Service d'Electronique Physique1975
AbstractAbstract
[en] The nuclear composition of the cosmic rays around 1010-1013 eV total energy per nucleus has been calculated from recent counter measurements. The abundance of iron in the highest energy range is comparable to the abundance of protons and alpha particles, and increasing with energy. If this trend continues, the highest energy airshower events recorded are caused mostly by iron nuclei, and their extragalactic origin are not sure
[fr]
On calcule la composition nucleaire des rayons cosmiques d'environ 1010 a 1013 eV d'energie par noyau, d'apres les recentes mesures par compteurs. L'abondance du fer dans les plus hautes energies est comparable a celle des proton et des particules alpha et augmente avec l'energie. Si cette tendance continue les evenements enregistres aux plus hautes energies dans gerbes sont causes principalement par les noyaux de fer et on ne peut etre sur de leur origine extragalactiquePrimary Subject
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1975; 6 p; 14. International cosmic ray conference; Garching, near Muenchen, F.R. Germany; 15 Aug 1975
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No abstract available
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Astrophysical Letters; v. 14(3); p. 153-155
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No abstract available
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Physical Review Letters; v. 29(7); p. 445-448
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No abstract available
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Denver Univ., Colo. (USA); p. 178-183; 1973
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Soutoul, A.; Casse, M.; Juliusson, E.
CEA Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires de Saclay, 91 - Gif-sur-Yvette (France). Service d'Electronique Physique1975
CEA Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires de Saclay, 91 - Gif-sur-Yvette (France). Service d'Electronique Physique1975
AbstractAbstract
[en] The time delay between the nucleosynthesis of the elements observed in the cosmic rays and the onset of their acceleration is of critical importance for the discussion of the origin of the cosmic radiation and will affect its composition. Fe, Co and Ni isotopes illustrate this point. The presence of iron group nuclei in the galaxy is believed to be mainly due to explosive nucleo-synthesis. This process does not produce iron directly, but the proton rich progenitors 56Ni and 57Ni. If these isotopes survive the ejection from the exploding star they decay to thei stable isobar. 57Ni decays quickly to 57Co, 56Ni and 57Co can only decay to 56Fe and 57Ni via electron capture with a half life of 6.1 days and 270 days respectively. If the cosmic rays are accelerated to relativistic energies quickly after their synthesis, these decay modes are prevented, leading to large differences in the Ni/Fe and Co/Fe ratio in the cosmic rays and the solar system abundances. From existing data on the nickel, cobalt and iron abundances in the cosmic rays it is concluded that more than a few weeks and most likely more than a year elapses between the synthesis of the cosmic ray nuclei and their acceleration
[fr]
Le delai de temps entre la nucleosynthese des elements observes dans les rayons cosmiques et leur mise en acceleration est d'une importance critique pour la discussion sur l'origine du rayonnement cosmique et affecte sa composition. Fe, Co et Ni illustreront ce point. La presence de noyaux du groupe du Fe dans la galaxie est principalement due aux nucleosyntheses explosives. Ce processus ne produit pas directement du fer mais les noyaux parents riches en protons 56Ni et 57Ni. Si ces isotopes survivent a l'ejection de l'etoile explosante ils decroissent vers leur isobare stable. 57Ni se desintegre rapidement en 57Co, 56Ni et 57Co peuvent seulement decroitre en 56Fe et 57Ni via capture electronique avec une demi-vie de 6,1 jours et 270 jours respectivement. Si les rayons cosmiques sont acceleres aux energies relativistes rapidement apres leur synthese, ces modes de desintegration sont empeches, menant a de grandes differences dans les rapports Ni/Fe et Co/Fe dans les rayons cosmiques et le systeme solaire. Des donnees existantes sur les abondances en nickel, cobalt et fer des rayons cosmiques on conclut que plus de quelques semaines et meme plus d'une annee s'ecoulent entre la synthese des noyaux des rayons cosmiques et leur accelerationPrimary Subject
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1975; 4 p; 14. International cosmic ray conference; Garching, near Muenchen, F.R. Germany; 15 Aug 1975
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Juliusson, E.; Cesarsky, C.J.; Meneguzzi, M.; Casse, M.
CEA Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires de Saclay, 91 - Gif-sur-Yvette (France). Service d'Electronique Physique1975
CEA Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires de Saclay, 91 - Gif-sur-Yvette (France). Service d'Electronique Physique1975
AbstractAbstract
[en] The source composition of the cosmic ray is usually calculated at an energy of a few GeV per nucleon. Recent measurements have however indicated that the source composition may be energy dependent. In order to give a quantitative answer to this question the source composition at 50GeV/nucleon has been calculated using an exponential distribution of path lengths and in the slab approximation. The results obtained at high energy agree very well with the source composition obtained at lower energies, except the abundance of carbon which is significantly lower than the generally accepted value of low energies
[fr]
La composition de la source de rayon cosmique est generalement calculee a une energie de quelques GeV par nucleon. Des mesures recentes ont cependant indique que la composition de la source depend de l'energie. Pour donner une reponse quantitative a cette question on a calcule la composition de la source a 50 GeV/nucleon en employant une distribution exponentielle des longueurs de parcours et en se placant dans l'approximation dans le plan. Les resultats obtenus a haute energie sont en bon agrement avec la composition de source obtenue a plus basse energie sauf pour l'abondance du carbone qui est plus faible que les valeurs generalement acceptees pour les faibles energiesPrimary Subject
Source
1975; 6 p; 14. International cosmic ray conference; Garching, near Muenchen, F.R. Germany; 15 Aug 1975
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[en] Results are presented on the mean isotopic composition of cosmic ray nuclei, or the average neutron excess for the elements Be to Si. At 1.7 GeV/nucleon they have been obtained by comparing the abundances measured above a rigidity threshold at Palestine, Texas, with abundances measured above an equivalent velocity threshold at Cape Girardeau Missouri. At 0.5 GeV/nucleon the results are obtained by analysing the variation in the chemical composition with energy in the energy region around the geomagnetic cut-off. (orig.)
[de]
Ergebnisse ueber die mittlere Isotopenzusammensetzung bzw. den mittleren Neutronenueberschuss der Elemente Be bis Si werden angegeben. Oberhalb von 1,7 GeV/Nuk. wurden sie durch den Vergleich der gemessenen Haeufigkeit oberhalb einer Rigiditaetsschwelle bei Palestine (Texas) mit derjenigen oberhalb einer aequivalenten Geschwindigkeitsschwelle bei Cape Girardeau (Missouri) erhalten. Bei 0,5 GeV/Nuk. wurden die Ergebnisse durch die Untersuchung der Elementzusammensetzung in Abhaengigkeit von der Energie in der Naehe der geomagnetischen Begrenzung gewonnen. (orig./BJ)Primary Subject
Source
International Union of Pure and Applied Physics; Max-Planck-Institut fuer Physik und Astrophysik, Garching/Muenchen (F.R. Germany). Inst. fuer Extraterrestrische Physik; p. 355-360; 1975; 14. international cosmic ray conference; Muenchen, F.R. Germany; 15 Aug 1975; 4 figs.; 2 tabs.; 9 refs. Available from ZAED.
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BERYLLIUM ISOTOPES, BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, BETA-PLUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, BORON ISOTOPES, CARBON ISOTOPES, COSMIC RADIATION, EVEN-EVEN NUCLEI, EVEN-ODD NUCLEI, IONIZING RADIATIONS, ISOTOPES, LIGHT NUCLEI, MAGNESIUM ISOTOPES, MINUTES LIVING RADIOISOTOPES, NEON ISOTOPES, NITROGEN ISOTOPES, NUCLEI, ODD-EVEN NUCLEI, ODD-ODD NUCLEI, OXYGEN ISOTOPES, RADIATION DETECTION, RADIATIONS, RADIOISOTOPES, SILICON ISOTOPES, STABLE ISOTOPES, YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
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[en] If cosmic rays originate in a supernova explosion, they might be accelerated immediately after their synthesis. This would prevent electron-capture decay of unstable isotopes, and could result in large differences between cosmic-ray and solar-system abundances. Existing data on the abundances of iron, cobalt, and nickel in cosmic rays show great similarity to the solar system abundances, therefore, it is concluded that more than a year elapses between the synthesis of the cosmic-ray nuclei and their acceleration to relativistic energies. 2 figures
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Astrophysical Journal; v. 219(2); p. 753-755
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AbstractAbstract
No abstract available
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Denver Univ., Colo. (USA); p. 373-377; 1973
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AbstractAbstract
No abstract available
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International Union of Pure and Applied Physics; Max-Planck-Institut fuer Physik und Astrophysik, Garching/Muenchen (F.R. Germany). Inst. fuer Extraterrestrische Physik; p. 256; 1975; 14. international cosmic ray conference; Muenchen, F.R. Germany; 15 Aug 1975; Short communication only. Available from ZAED.
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