[en] We fabricated the SERS-active sandwich structures, AuNPs-SAMs-Au. The surface functionalities of SAMs determine the adsorption probabilities of AuNPs. The AuNPs are uniformly well-adsorbed on the hydrophobic surfaces made up of -CH₃ or -OCH₃ while they rarely bind to hydrophilic surfaces such as -OH and -COOH. Electrostatic interactions also play an important role in the adsorption of AuNPs on the -NH₂ and -NO₂ surfaces. The SERS intensity is stronger for high density of AuNPs on SAMs, confirming that SERS occurs between the AuNPs and the Au substrates. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has drawn a lot of attention due to extremely high sensitivity, which provides a wide range of applications including sensors, single-molecule detection, and cellular imaging. Surface plasmon resonances of noble metal nanoparticles produce intense electromagnetic fields particularly at the interstitial sites of the nanostructures, enhancing the Raman scattering of molecules residing at the place. Therefore, arranging nanostructures in close distances in a controlled fashion is a key to producing SERS. In this respect, a nanostructure that exploits self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) is one of the most attractive SERS-active platforms

[en] The SnO_2 with a particle size of about 300 nm instead of Ni is used in this study to overcome rapid catalytic deactivation by the formation of a NiAl_2O_4 spinal structure on the conventional Ni/γ-Al_2O_3 catalyst and simultaneously impregnated the catalyst with potassium (K). The SnO_2-K_2O impregnated Zeolite Y catalyst (SnO_2-K_2O/ZY) exhibited significantly higher ethanol reforming reactivity that that achieved with SnO_2 100 and SnO_2 30 wt %/ZY catalysts. The main products from ethanol steam reforming (ESR) over the SnO_2-K_2O/ ZY catalyst were H_2, CO_2, and CH_4, with no evidence of any CO molecule formation. The H_2 production and ethanol conversion were maximized at 89% and 100%, respectively, over SnO_2 30 wt %-K_2O 3.0 wt %/ZY at 600 .deg. C for 1 h at a CH_3CH_2OH:H_2O ratio of 1:1 and a gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) of 12,700 h"-"1. No catalytic deactivation occurred for up to 73 h. This result is attributable to the easier and weaker of reduction of Sn components and acidities over SnO_2-K_2O/ZY catalyst, respectively, than those of Ni/γ-Al_2O_3 catalysts

[en] A 43-year-old female presented with persistent headache and dizziness which had first occurred two years earlier. The physical and neurological findings at admission were unremarkable, though plain radiography revealed the presence of a dense calcified mass in the left frontal area, and CT showed that a homogeneous high-density nodule was attached to the inner surface of the left frontal skull. The hard bony mass found and excised during surgery was shown at histopathologic examination to be a subdural osteoma. We describe the clinicopathologic findings of this entity and discuss the radiological features which suggest its subdural location

[en] We report the computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging findings for two cases of granular cell tumors located in the orbit, a rare benign tumor of neural origin, occurring in a 14-year-old boy and a 35-year-old woman. Although rare, granular cell tumors may be one of the diagnostic inclusions for soft tissue masses of the orbit, especially when the mass shows isointensity in relation to the extraocular muscle on T2-weighted MR images and a homogeneous moderate enhancement, similar to the extraocular muscles, with a greater peripheral enhancement on contrastenhanced T1-weighted MR images

[en] Printed Circuit Heat Exchanger (PCHE) is famous with its superior compactness and relatively higher resistance to pressure which came from its manufacturing process. PCHE is made by diffusion bonding of thin metal plates having various flow channel shapes on them. Diffusion bonding makes stack of plates become a monolithic block by grain growth between the surfaces of each plates near the melting temperature of material. With these characteristics, it has become a promising heat exchanger type in oil and gas industry, power plant and chemical reactors fields, despite of its relatively short history than others. From many researches, it is known that the flow channel and the stacking method of plates are the major design factors of PCHE. Flow channels have been studied by relatively many researchers, and there are several well known channel types like zigzag channel, S shape fin, and airfoil fin shape. On the other hands, there is little research about stacking method so called 'bank type'. By Kim et al., it was showed that stacking method of PCHE influences the heat transfer rate and pressure drop, but the comparison of the different stacking method was not conducted. In this research, heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics of PCHEs with various bank types will be studied. And this article will introduce three kinds of PCHEs fabricated by different bank types, and the test facility for performance test of these heat exchangers

[en] There were 73 cases of recurrent cervical carcinoma in Korea Cancer Center Hospital for recent two years and the authors reviewed the CT findings of these recurred cervical carcinoma. 1. The mean disease-free interval was 3 years after the completion of the initial treatment. 2. Recurred sites were pelvic side wall in 20 cases, paraaortic lymph node in 16 cases, primary site of the mass in 16 cases and the combination of theses in 14 cases. Distant metastases were found in 7 cases. 3. Details of combined recurrence were as follows: primary and paraaortic lymph node in eight out of 14, primary and pelvic wall in five out of 14, primary, pelvic wall and paraaortic lymph node in one out of 14. 5. 27 cases of hydronephrosis, 6 cases of hematometra and 4 cases of ascites were found in post-radiation group. 6. Pelvic side wall and paraaortic lymph node were the most prevalent sites of recurrent cervical carcinoma.

[en] We report CT and MR imaging findings for a case of nasal chondromesenchymal hamartoma occurring in a 19-month-old boy. A nasal chondromesenchymal hamartoma is a rare benign pediatric hamartoma that can simulate malignancy. Although rare, knowledge of this entity is essential to avoid potentially harmful therapies

[en] The wavelength of the surface plasmon absorption depends on the dielectric matrix. TiO₂/SiO₂ complex oxide films doped with Au nanoclusters were prepared by sol-gel spin-coating method using ti(OPrⁱ)₄, Si(OEt)₄, and HAuCl₄·7H₂O. The wavelength of the maximum absorption of Au nanoclusters in the TiO₂/SiO₂ thin films was obtained with linearity from 540 nm to 615 nm depending on the molar ratio of TiO₂. The particle sizes and structures of these nanoclusters have been identified through a TEM and X-ray diffraction patterns. The dielectric constants of TiO₂/SiO₂ thin films were calculated from the experimental results

[en] DNA methylation at carbon 5 of cytosines is a hall mark of epigenetic inactivation and heterochromatin in both plants and mammals. In Arabidopsis, DNA methylation has two roles that protect the genome from selfish DNA elements and regulate gene expression. Plant genome has three types of DNA methyltransferase, METHYLTRANSFERASE 1 (MET1), DOMAINREARRANGED METHYLASE (DRM) and CHROMOMETHYLASE 3 (CMT3) that are capable of methylating CG, CHG (where H is A, T, or C) and CHH sites, respectively. MET1 is a maintenance DNA methyltransferase that controls CG methylation. Two members of the DRM family, DRM1 and DRM2, are responsible for de novo methylation of CG, CHG, and CHH sites but show a preference for CHH sites. Finally, CMT3 principally carries out CHG methylation and is involved in both de novo methylation and maintenance. Alternatively, active DNA demethylation may occur through the glycosylase activity by removing the methylcytosines from DNA. It may have essential roles in preventing transcriptional silencing of transgenes and endogenous genes and in activating the expression of imprinted genes. DNA demetylation in Arabidopsis is mediated by the DEMETER (DME) family of bifunctional DNA glycosylase. Three targets of DME are MEA (MEDEA), FWA (FLOWERING WAGENINGEN), and FIS2 (FERTILIZATION INDEPENDENT SEED 2). The DME family contains DEMETER-LIKE 2 (DML2), DML3, and REPRESSOR OF SILENING 1 (ROS1). DNA demetylation by ROS1, DML2, and DML3 protect the hypermethylation of specific genome loci. ROS1 is necessary to suppress the promoter methylation and the silencing of endogenous genes. In contrast, the function of DML2 and DML3 has not been reported. Several recent studies have suggested that epigenetic alterations such as change in DNA methylation and histone modification should be caused in plant genomes upon exposure to ionizing radiation. However, there is a lack of data exploring the underlying mechanisms. Therefore, the present study aims to characterize and explain the epigenetic modification of Arabidopsis genome after gamma irradiation

[en] To assess the efficacy of stent-assisted recanalization for the management of acute limb ischemia (ALI) after a failed surgical revascularization in patients with acute iliac arterial occlusion and considered unfit for a thrombolysis. The data on 6 patients with acute limb ischemia due to iliac arterial occlusion, and treated with stent implantation between November 2005 and March 2008, was analyzed retrospectively. The reasons for ALI in the patients analyzed included acute thrombosis related to a traumatic injury (n=3), acute in-situ thrombosis with pre-existing atherosclerotic stenosis (n=2), and cardiogenic embolism (n=1). A preprocedural CT angiography and conventional angiography revealed an occlusion at the iliac artery. This study examined the clinical data, technical and clinical outcome of the procedure, and complications related to the procedure or follow-up period for each patient. Primary stenting was technically successful in all patients, thus resulting in the reduction or elimination of clinical symptoms in the 5 patients observed. One patient expired due to multi-organ failure related to a reperfusion injury. The other five patients showed good clinical results without symptom recurrence and normal duplex USG or CT angiographic findings during the 3-15 month follow-up period. A stent-assisted recanalization is an effective treatment for patients with ALI, which are considered unfit for thrombolysis and surgical recanalization