[en] The purpose of this project is the development of nonwoven fabric using natural kapok fiber and synthetic fiber for industrial usages and the development of manufacturing techniques for nursery bed soil using kapok fiber. Research scopes include the development of agricultural bed soil using kapok fiber and nonwoven fabric using kapok fiber. Main results are as follow; the physico-chemical characterization of kapok fiber (water holding capacity, bulk density, water retention curve, viscoelastic measurement, oil adsorption capacity, analysis of essential elements, measurement of anion and cation); the physico-chemical characterization of kapok bed soil; the evidence experiment of kapok bed soil; the optimum content of kapok fiber and synthetic fiber for nonwoven fabric; establishment of the optimum radiation dose for manufacturing kapok nonwoven fabric

[en] Random reactions occurred in living organisms and functional biomaterials in response to radiation have been an obstacle in developing modern fusion technologies. Thus, the purpose of this study is to explore omics-based radiation-responsive stress physiome in plants, and establish application technology. Specific contents of this project is divided into 4 sections: 1. Study on protein modification by radiation-mediated oxidative stress, 2. Study on the mechanisms of DNA damage and recovery caused by radiation, 3. Study on the biosynthetic pathways of secondary metabolites induced by γ-irradiation, and 4. Study on the radiation-mediated transformation of phytochemicals and their usages. Representative records of this study are as follows. 1. Identification of cis-element (CCACACC) in the AGO2 promoter regions and transcription factor ANAC78 binding to AGO2 cis-element 2. Elucidation of the putative role of NAC103 as a transcriptional regulator for DNA damage response (DDR), and review of chromatin remodeling and epigenetic mechanisms for DDR in plants, 3. Elucidation on novel isoprenoid biosynthetic pathways in plant using isotopes as tracers 4. Development of anti-diabetic material derived from Centipedegrass extracts (domestic patent, registered 10-1797717)

[en] Random reactions occurred in living organisms and functional biomaterials in response to radiation have been an obstacle in developing modern fusion technologies. The aim of this study is thus to develop a low-cost and high efficient radiation technology which can predict various radiation reactions (deterministic reactions) to overcome the limited usages of unpredictable random reactions. 1. Study on protein modification mediated by radiation (Study on post-translational modifications (PTM) by radiation-mediated oxidative stress, Study on structure-function relationships after PTM by radiation-mediated oxidative stress, Development of imaging/detection technology for modified proteins after PTM by radiation-mediated oxidative stress. 2. Study on the mechanisms of DNA damage and recovery by radiation (Elucidation of molecular functions of radiation-inducible genes, Development of technologies for evaluation of radiation in the natural environment on biological safety and radiation monitoring technology, Screening of biomaterials for phytoremediation using plant physiome on radiation. 3. Study on the biosynthetic pathways of secondary metabolites induced by radiation (Elucidation on novel biosynthetic pathways of plant isoprenoids using a radioisotope as a tracer. Study on plant disease control by radiation-induced phytochemicals). 4. Study on the radiation-mediated transformation of phytochemicals and their usages (Establishment of radiation-mediated transformation technology, Study on the improvement of functionalities of centipedegrass extract)

[en] The purpose of this project is development of world-class headspring techniques of biological science for application of plant genomes/epigenomes through study on radiation-responsive epigenomes and improvement of the national competitiveness in the field of fundamental technology for biological science and industry. Research scope includes 1) Investigation of radiation-responsive epigenomes and elucidation of their relation with phenotypes, 2) Elucidation of interaction and transcription control of epigenomes and epigenetic regulators using IR, 3) Investigation of epigenome-mediated traits in plant development, differentiation and antioxidant defense using IR, and 4) Development of application techniques of radiation-responsive epigenomes for eco-monitoring and molecular breeding. Main results are as follow: Investigation of radiation-responsive epigenomes, elucidation of relevance between DNA methylation and histone modification by gamma irradiation, investigation of radiation-specific epigenetic regulators, promoter analysis of the radiation-specific inducible gene, AtAGO2, investigation of transposable elements (TE) expression by gamma irradiation, development of radiation-responsive common markers of functional genomics, investigation of molecular functions in the gamma-ray inducible AT4G22960, investigation of the effects of plants by epigenetic inhibitors and gamma irradiation, investigation of physiological functions of radiation-specific inducible AtAGO2, development of transgenic plant using epigenetic regulators.

[en] The gamma irradiation as a 100 Gy lead to mutate Bokbunja seed as well as induction of germination, in addition, the optimum condition for inducing mutation is that H2SO4 should be treated after gamma irradiation in vivo. In order to breed the useful mutants in black raspberry, cultivated in Gochanggun, 2-year-old nursery stocks were irradiated with 70 (264 lines) and 120 Gy (360 lines) of gamma-ray. The LD50 dose was identified as 70 Gy. Morphological characteristics of the variants were observed such as stem variation, no. of thorn and no. of sucker compared with donor cultivar. The comparison of morphological and chemical characteristics between Rubus coreanus and Rubus occidentalis was carried out and these two species are quite different that is, number of cortex cells in Rubus occidentalis are much higher than Rubus coreanus. Rubus occidentalis highly contained glucose, xylose, and arabinose, and well developed secondary cell wall compared with Rubus coreanus. We carried out to obtain phylogenetic information on Korean cultivated bramble (KCB) by comparing its specific and random genomic and chloroplast sequences. The characteristics of nuclear and chloroplast genomes of KCB accessions are significantly different from those of other Rubus species. Phylogentic relationship inferred from these molecular features suggest that KCB accessions are relatively more closely related to black raspberry than to R. coreanus. Rubus are classified into 4 developing fruit stages such as green, yellow, red, and black color. The anthocyanin content was increased together with maturation, that is black color fruit is the highest anthocyanin content and highly correlated the expression of anthocyanin biosynthesis genes sunch as C4H, F3H. In addition, the expression of genes involved in the anthocynin biosynthesis is modulated by chitosan resulting in enhanced anthocyanin content in ripen fruit

[en] Recently, it has been needed to deal with changed guidelines of IAEA and ICRP for radiation bio protection and to cope with increasing public demands for evaluation of eco-safety of national nuclear facilities by heightening the international trust of radiation biotechnology in Korea. This project aims to develop a global leading-edge technology for evaluation (bio dosimetry) and application of biological effects of ionizing radiation. The scope and contents of the project are as follow: 1) Interpretation of co-expression networks of radiation-induced damage repair/defense genes, 2) Elucidation of epigenetic regulation of radiation-induced damage repair/defense systems, 3) Development of molecular markers for species-specific radiation-induced damage repair/defense systems, 4) Application of molecular markers for phyto dosimetry of radiation-induced damages in plants, and 5) Inter-species expression and application of radiation-induced damage repair/defense genes. In 2017, we accomplished establishment of a working model for plant radiation-induced damage repair/defense mechanisms, elucidation of roles of epigenetic factors on occurrence and repair of radiation-induced DSBs, development of plant transcription parameters for evaluation of radiation-induced damage repair/defense activities, application of species-specific radiation-responsive molecular markers for evaluation of plant radiation sensitivity, and verification of environmental stress tolerance of DcPrx -over expressing plants. These results will contribute to development of a leading-edge technology for application of ionizing radiation in agrobiological or medical industry, and improvement of secure management and public acceptance of nuclear and radiation-related facilities

[en] This project covers various molecular and physiological effects in Arabidopsis that is a model dicot for plant science in response to γ-irradiation. The effects are investigated through the multiple analyses of transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome using NGS technology, and the data will be deposited on the database of Radiation Reaction Map, which is currently being established in ARTI. Using radiation technology, we examine a catalytic protein, which would have new functions and structure-function relationship. We select an ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in Arabidopsis and compare its structural change and functional characteristics before and after γ-irradiation. Interestingly, the APX contains dual functions of anti-oxidant and molecular chaperone. The promoter region of γ-ray specific AtAGO2 is investigated. We find that putative cis -element is located within the promoter region, and the expression of AtAGO2 is inducible by γ-irradiation in tissue-specific manner. We elucidate novel plant biosynthetic pathway for primary and secondary metabolites by feeding isotope-labeled substrates. We find that Aerobic fermentation pathway contributes to the biosyntheses of isoprenoids and fatty acids by supply carbon resource to the downstream pathways. We have attempted to develop radiation fusion technology for transforming toxic substances such as abandoned drugs and naturally occurring polyphenols, known to toxic, in order to reduce their toxicities. About 200 substances were exposed by gamma irradiation, result in 2 compounds were generated with low toxicity compared to their mother compounds, and also their biological activities were confirmed

[en] The purpose of the this project provides new application areas for radiation technology for improvement of protein activities using radiation through the structural changes and functional regulations of molecular chaperon. Research scope includes 1) isolation of molecular chaperon proteins related radiation response from Psedomonads and purification of recombinant protein from E. coli., 2) the establishment of effective irradiation dose for the structural changes of chaperon protein, 3) analysis of the structural and functional changes of molecular chaperon by gamma irradiation. Main results are as follow: the chaperon activities of 2-Cys peroxiredxin show the maximum (about 3 times) at 15-30 kGy of gamma irradiation, but they were reduced greater than 30 kGy of gamma rays: the peroxidase activities show a tendency to decrease with increasing gamma irradiation: the structural change of peroxiredoxin (PP1084 and PA3529) by gamma irradiation (the formation of low molecular weight complexes or fragmentation of peroxiredoxin by gamma irradiation, the increase of beta-sheet and random coil by gamma irradiation and the decrease of alpha-helix and turn by gamma irradiation, and increased chaperon activity is related with increased hydrophobicity)

[en] Genome-wide transcriptomic profiles disclose physiomes or phenomes associated with diverse phenotypes in plants. Some transcriptomes associated with dnA damage response (ddr) in Arabidopsis are used for phytodosimetry of ionizing radiation (Ir). this study reveals functional characteristics of genome-wide rice transcriptomes after gamma irradiation. Biological pathway analysis demonstrated that some genes responsible for histone modifcation and chromatin remodeling were notably affected in association with transcriptional regulation in rice after gamma irradiation. Gene ontology (Go) enrichment analysis further showed that the Go terms representing stimulus or stress were enriched commonly in both Arabidopsis and rice after gamma irradiation, while the cell cycle was more conspicuous in rice. In addition, the transcriptomic profile in rice after gamma irradiation revealed a substantial difference in expression of ddr genes compared to that in Arabidopsis, having about two times more genes downregulated than those upregulated.these results suggest that rice transcriptomes responded to gamma radiation should be functionally verified before being used for phytodosimetry of Ir or correlated with diverse phenotypes after gamma irradiation

[en] The responsibility of KAERI ARTI is to research and develop radiation technology. Strong motivation and RT-based biotechnologies necessary for the future R and D plans can be provided from the results of this research. An advanced analytical method was suggested for the combined action of ionizing radiation with another factor. Using the method, it is possible to predict in advance the maximum value of synergistic interaction and the conditions to achieve the maximum. By elaborating the present research results, new technologies will be established for analysing the combined effects of radiation with another factor and radiosensitivity of organisms. Biodosimetry techniques implemented in this research can play an important role for ARTI to be an internationally recognized radiation biology and biodosimetry laboratory. The results of this study give a clues for establishment of important technology associated with enhancing positive efficacy of radiation applications.