[en] Ionizing radiation is able to inactivate the three pathogens of Botrytis cinerea, Diaporthe actinidiae, and Botryosphaeria dothidea in kiwifruit. Irradiated kiwifruits appeared softer compared to non-irradiated kiwifruits. The color and organic acid content of kiwifruits were minimally affected by the irradiation. Irradiated fruits showed a decrease in the total soluble solids content with increasing irradiation dose. Irradiation of kiwifruit up to 3 kGy had negative effects on vitamin C content and antioxidant activity, but it contributed to improving sensory quality.

[en] This study is carried out to sanitize rape (Brassica napus) pollen by gamma irradiation. Rape pollens were treated with 0, 5, 10 and 15 kGy gamma irradiations, and then analyzed for the following: general composition, microbial population, reducing sugar, Hunter color values, TBARS (2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) values, and VBN (volatile basic nitrogen). Mold and coliform bacteria were not detected in the samples irradiated at 5 kGy or more. Yeasts and total aerobic bacteria were not detected in the samples irradiated at 10 kGy or more (102 CFU/g). Moisture, ash, crude protein, crude fat, carbohydrate, reducing sugar and the contents of volatile basic nitrogen in the irradiated pollen did not show any significant changes by irradiation. Hunter color values, L, a and b values were decreased with increment of irradiation dose. TBARS values were increased with an increment of irradiation dose. In conclusion, gamma irradiation at 5 kGy was considered to be an effective treatment to control for mycotoxin producing fungi in rape pollen to minimize changes of general composition and physicochemical properties. Further studies should be investigated to reduce the detrimental effects induced by irradiation

[en] The effect of gamma irradiation (0.5-2 kGy) on the physicochemical properties of peaches was investigated during a 6-day storage at 20±3 deg. C. Gamma irradiation is able to inactivate the four pathogens, namely Botrytis cinerea, Penicillium expansum, Rhizopus stolonifer var. stolonifer and Monilinia fructicola in peaches. Hardness significantly decreased with the increment of irradiation dose level whereas soluble solid and total polyphenol contents increased with increment of irradiation dose level. 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging activity of the irradiated peach was higher than that of control, and its activity increased with increment of irradiation dose level. These results suggest that gamma irradiation of peaches improved antioxidant activity, but dramatically affects the hardness throughout the entire storage time.

[en] We present an analysis of near-infrared, high-resolution spectroscopy toward the flat-spectrum young stellar object (YSO) ESO Hα 279a (∼1.5M _⊙) in the Serpens star-forming region at a distance of 429 pc. Using the Immersion GRating INfrared Spectrometer (IGRINS; R ≈ 45,000), we detect emission lines originating from the accretion channel flow, jet, and inner disk. Specifically, we identify hydrogen Brackett series recombination, [Fe ii], [Fe iii], [Fe iv], Ca i, Na i, H₂, H₂O, and CO overtone emission lines. By modeling five bands of CO overtone emission lines and the symmetric double-peaked line profile for Na i emission lines, we find that ESO Hα 279a has an actively accreting Keplerian disk. From our Keplerian disk model, we find that Na i emission lines originate between 0.04 and 1.00 au, while the CO overtone emission lines are from the outer part of the disk, in the range between 0.22 and 3.00 au. The model reveals that the neutral atomic Na gas is a good tracer of the innermost region of the actively accreting disk. We derive a mass accretion rate of $2\text{--}10\times <!--\; ??\; -->{10}^{-<!--\; ???\; -->7}$ M _⊙ yr⁻¹ from the measured Brγ emission luminosity of 1.78(±0.31) × 10³¹ erg s⁻¹.

[en] We present the results on the physical properties of filaments and dense cores in IC 5146, as a part of the TRAO FUNS project. We carried out on-the-fly mapping observations using the Taeduk Radio Astronomy Observatory (TRAO) 14 m telescope covering about 1 square degree of the area of IC 5146 using various molecular lines. We identified 14 filaments (24 in total, including sub-filaments) from the C¹⁸O (1–0) data cube and 22 dense cores from the N₂H⁺ (1–0) data. We examined the filaments’ gravitational criticality, turbulence properties, accretion rate from filaments to dense cores, and relative evolutionary stages of cores. Most filaments in IC 5146 are gravitationally supercritical within the uncertainty, and most dense cores are formed in them. We found that dense cores in the hubs show a systemic velocity shift of ∼0.3 km s⁻¹ between the N₂H⁺ and C¹⁸O gas. Besides, these cores are subsonic or transonic, while the surrounding filament gas is transonic or supersonic, indicating that the cores in the hubs are likely formed by the dissipation of turbulence in the colliding turbulent filaments and the merging is still ongoing. We estimated a mass accretion rate of 15–35 M _⊙ Myr⁻¹ from the filaments to the dense cores, and the required timescales to collect the current core mass are consistent with the lifetime of the dense cores. The structures of filaments and dense cores in the hub can form from a collision of turbulent converging flows, and mass flow along the filaments to the dense cores may play an important role in forming dense cores.