[en] The large drop method was applied to study surface tension and density in a wide temperature range for lanthanum melts with low concentration of one of the following elements: Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Er, Yb. The character of properties varying in La-R (R - rare earth metals) binary alloys as a whole corresponds to specific features of electronic structure of lanthanides. The rare earth metals can be divided into two groups according to their surface activity. Ce, Pr, Nd, Gd, Tb, Er display surface-inert properties. Sm and Yb are revealed to be strong surface-active additives

[en] Investigation results for aluminium angles of state diagrams of Al binary alloys with La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Yb, Sc and Y plotted according to measurement data for temperature dependence of decrement of attenuating of crucible with specimen are presented. Al-Eu part of state diagram is plotted for the first time, differences in state diagrams for Al binary systems with Nd, Sm, Yb, Y are determined using published papers and data presented in the review

[en] Mach-Rozhdestvensky, Michelson and three-mirror interferometers with the HCN submillimeter laser (lambda=0.337 mm) as a light source have been constructed for measuring electron density in the plasma devices. Results of investigation of the interferometer operation in a laboratory for measuring plasma density of electrodeless induction discharge are given. It is shown that in order to reach the range of measured densities from 10¹³ to 10¹⁶ cm^-3, the temperature of plasma electrons with density above 10¹⁵ cm^-3 must be above 10 eV. In addition to measuring density, the interferometers can be used for determining frequency of collisions and electron temperature in the range 0.1-10 eV. A comparative estimates of the response time for the three-mirror interferometer has been carried out

[en] The paper reports on the use of a submillimeter HCN laser as an interferometer for the investigation of a decaying plasma. The HCN laser operates with a methane-air mixture in the regime of continuous generation (lambda = 377 mcm, radiation power approximately 30 mW). The laser radiation has been detected by a detector on the base of point contact of metal - InSb at T = 300 t K. A three-mirror interferometer has been used to measure electron density in the range of 10¹³ to 10¹⁶ cm^-3 and to investigate the time dependence of plasma density of an electrodeless induction discharge. Oscillograms are given of discharge current and interference signal at a discharge initial pressure p = 4x10^-2 mm Hg and Usub(ch) = 15 kV, the period is 9 mks. It should be noted that there is no interference at the acive stage of the discharge and that the interference amplitude damps completely at the initial stage of a plasma decay. The lower limit is 10¹³ cm^-3, that is in a good agreement with microwave measurements of electron density at a wavelength of lambda = 8.2 mm. The maximum density is limited by the value of 6x10¹⁴ cm^-3. Taking into account the results obtained in measuring the density and temperature of plasma electrons at the discharge active stage (Nsub(e) approximately equal to 9x10¹⁵ cm^-3, Tsub(e) = 1.5-2.10⁵ K), the authors come to the conclusion that the strong attenuation of submillimetre radiation in plasma which causes disappearing interference is due in the main to the Coulomb absorption. It has been shown that the interferometer may be used to determine the frequency of electron-ion collisions and the plasma temperature in the range of 10³ to 10⁵ K

[en] In the range of photon energy of 0.32-2.95 eV refractive index and absorption factor of liquid neodymium at the temperature of 1353 K are investigated. Ellipsometric measurements of optical constants are made by the Beatte method. On the basis of experimental results dispersion dependences of light conductivity, permittivity, refraction and absorption abilities have been calculated. Using optical measurements in the near infrared region concentration of conductivity electrons, relaxation frequency, effective concentration of carrirs per one atom, are evaluated

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[en] The pressure of saturated vapors above the Al-Pr system melts was measured by the integral version of the Knudsen method in the whole concentration range at temperatures up to 1700 K. Excessive thermodynamic properties of the alloys have been calculated. A relation has been demonstrated between the structure of liquid alloys and the behaviour of thermodynamic properties as affected by composition. The configuration and vibration contributions to the excessive entropy of the mixing have been evaluated and the dominance of the configuration contribution to the excessive entropy of the mixing caused by the active interaction of dissimilar atoms have been noted

[en] The pressures of saturated vapours of Al-La alloys were investigated in the temperature range of 1423-1693 K and over the entire range of concentrations by Knudsen's integral method. The activities of the components and the thermodynamic characteristics of the alloys were calculated on the basis of the aluminium vapour pressure values obtained. A strong interaction of aluminium and lanthanum and ordering of the type of compound in liquid alloys were established. A divergence between the calculated and experimental data was noted, which was due to the unsuitability of the quasichemical theory of solutions for quantitative evaluation of the excess entropy of mixing of liquid alloys of the Al-La system, since the thermal component makes a considerable contribution to this characteristic

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