[en] Results are presented from processing the measurement data on low-frequency fluctuations from the North Star active explosive ionospheric experiment. The fluctuation precursor signal was processed by the wavelet analysis method. The structures revealed are identified as ion acoustic envelope solitons

[en] The conditions are studied under which stable ion acoustic envelope solitons propagating perpendicular to the magnetic field lines can exist in the ionospheric plasma. The amplitudes, frequencies, and lengths of the waves are determined. The results obtained are compared with the experimental data. It is suggested that such solitons play an important role in both the formation of an ionization front and its motion across the magnetic field and also give rise to a fluctuation precursor in explosive ionospheric experiments.

[en] Conditions for the excitation of small-scale nonlinear ion-cyclotron gradient-drift dissipative structures in cold ionospheric plasma are considered. The solution for the wave electric field in this structure in the form of a chirped soliton satisfying the equation of the Ginzburg-Landau type is derived in the electrostatic approach. The dissipative structure as a whole represents the chirped soliton accompanied by the comoving quasineutral plasma hump. The possibility of the excitation of two modes of this type (the high- and low-frequency ones) in plasma containing light and heavy ion impurities is considered. The role of electromagnetic corrections and the possible contribution introduced by these structures to the transport processes in the ionosphere are discussed.

[en] In this paper, we consider theoretically nonlinear ion-cyclotron gradient-drift dissipative structures (oscillitons) in low ionospheric plasmas. Similar to Nonlinear Optics and Condensed Matter Physics, the Ginzburg-Landau equation for the envelope of electric wave fields is derived, and solutions for oscillitons in the form of solitons with chirp are examined. The whole dissipative structure constitutes a soliton with a moving charge-neutral density hump. Conditions for excitation and properties of the structures are considered.