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Radiation Research; v. 56(2); p. 238-245
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ANIMALS, BEAMS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BODY, CARBOXYLIC ACIDS, CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION, HETEROCYCLIC ACIDS, HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS, IONIZING RADIATIONS, MAMMALS, ORGANIC ACIDS, ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS, ORGANS, PIGMENTS, PORPHYRINS, PROTEINS, RADIATION EFFECTS, RADIATIONS, VERTEBRATES
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Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications; v. 47(5); p. 1100-1105
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Journal of Food Science; v. 37(6); p. 837-840
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[en] The radiation destruction of vitamin A acetate was monitored in isooctane, coconut oil, and aqueous dispersions. The G(-vit. A), i.e., the number of vitamin A molecules destroyed per 100 eV of energy absorbed in lipid solvents and aqueous preparations, increased with the concentrations of vitamin A used. In the freely dissolved state, as in isooctane or coconut oil, the extent of destruction of vitamin A was more or less identical. However, a marked reduction in the radiation destruction of vitamin A was observed in aqueous dispersions at all concentrations except at 1 x 10-4 M. Incorporation of sugars, starch, and egg albumin in aqueous preparations offered considerable protection to vitamin A from radiation damage which could be discerned even at the lowest concentration (1 x 10-4 M). The protective influence of aqueous dispersion as noted for vitamin A was also observed for β-carotene, vitamin A alcohol, and ubiquinone-30. The significance of the above findings in radiation processing of foods has been discussed
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Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry; v. 25(1); p. 131-135
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BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, CARBOHYDRATES, COBALT ISOTOPES, DISACCHARIDES, DISPERSIONS, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION, HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES, INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI, IONIZING RADIATIONS, ISOMERIC TRANSITION ISOTOPES, ISOTOPES, MINUTES LIVING RADIOISOTOPES, MIXTURES, NUCLEI, ODD-ODD NUCLEI, OLIGOSACCHARIDES, ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, POLYSACCHARIDES, PROTEINS, RADIATION EFFECTS, RADIATIONS, RADIOISOTOPES, REAGENTS, SACCHARIDES, SOLUTIONS, VITAMINS, YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
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γ radiation
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J. Agr. Food Chem; v. 23(1); p. 37-40
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ANIMALS, BODY, CARBOXYLIC ACIDS, CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM, CHALCOGENIDES, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION, ENERGY, HETEROCYCLIC ACIDS, HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS, IONIZING RADIATIONS, MAMMALS, NITROGEN COMPOUNDS, ORGANIC ACIDS, ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS, ORGANS, OXIDES, OXYGEN COMPOUNDS, PIGMENTS, PORPHYRINS, PROTEINS, RADIATION EFFECTS, RADIATIONS, VERTEBRATES
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Journal of Food Science; v. 37(1); p. 148-150
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Journal of Food Science; v. 36 p. 63-66
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Journal of Food Science; v. 37(1); p. 151-153
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Journal of Food Science; v. 35 p. 456-460
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Kumta, U.S.; Sreenivasan, A.
Food Irradiation. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Food Irradiation1966
Food Irradiation. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Food Irradiation1966
AbstractAbstract
[en] The use of cobalt-60 gamma radiation has been studied for (a) delayed ripening in certain tropical fruits; (b) sterilization, with combined use of mild heat, of fruits and vegetables; (c) extension in shelf life of semi-dried fruits; and (d) sprout inhibition in potatoes and onions. The technological merits of gamma-radiation processing for sea foods have been assessed by sensory evaluation for organoleptic attributes, bacterial load, chemical indices of spoilage and qualitative and quantitative shifts in spoilage ñora. Radiation pasteurization (0.4 Mrad) augments the storage life of Bombay duck for 21 and 45 d, respectively, when stored at 10-12°C and 0-4°C, as against rapid purification of the fish within 3 d. A combination process, consisting of blanching (4 min), followed by low-dose irradiation (0.15 Mrad), extends the storage life of shrimps for 90 d at 0-4°C. Without the blanching step, shrimps keep well for 60 d; the unirradiated control spoils within 3 d. A dehydro-irradiation process, developed for Bombay duck and shrimps, prolongs the storage life of the semi-dried products (40% moisture) at room temperature (25-28°C) for over 150 d. The process has been studied in relation to the tolerance radiation dose, the synergistic effect of sorbic acid, improvements in quality by other physical and chemical treatments, and the type of packaging material. The onset of mould and oxidative undesirable flavours in cheese can be retarded for about 20 d at room temperature by the combined use of low doses of radiation (0.1 and 0.2 Mrad) and sorbic acid-coated wrappers. Radiation damage to fish proteins has been studied for the degree of scission, aggregation, unfolding effect and electrophoretic mobility. Promising results have been obtained on the application of radiation for disinfestation of grains and the extension in storage life of Indian bread. With, irradiated wheat, compositional changes and nutritional studies are being continued. Irradiation facilities, present and planned, are described. The Food Irradiation and Processing Laboratory, to be completed shortly, will house a cobalt-60 package irradiator (100 000 Ci), a cobalt-60 portable grain irradiator (28 000 Ci) and other facilities for food processing, analytical and research laboratories. The package irradiator is designed for a throughput of 100 Ib/h at 0.5 Mrad and the portable irradiator could handle 500 lb/h of grain at 15 krad. (author)
[fr]
On a etudie la possibilite d'utiliser l'irradiation gamma au cobalt-60 aux fins suivantes: a) retardement de la maturation de certains fruits tropicaux, b) traitement combine pour la sterilisation des fruits et legumes comportant irradiation et traitement thermique a faible temperature, c) prolongation de la duree de conservation des fruits semi-deshydrates, d) arret de la germination des pommes de terre et des oignons. L'interet technique du traitement des produits alimentaires d'origine marine par irradiation gamma a ete determine d'apres differents facteurs: evaluation sensorielle des qualites organoleptiques, compte de la population bacterienne, indices chimiques de deterioration et modifications qualitatives et quantitatives de la flore corruptrice. La radiopasteurisation (0,4 Mrad) porte a 21 et 45 jours la durée de conservation du « Bombay duck» à des températures de 10-12°C et 0-4°C respectivement, alors que ce poisson non traité se putréfie rapidement en trois jours. Un traitement combiné par échaudage (4 min) puis irradiation à faible dose (0,15 Mrad) prolonge jusqu’à 90 jours la durée de conservation des crevettes à 0-4°C. Sans échaudage, les crevettes se conservent bien pendant 60 jours; les témoins non irradiés s'altèrent en trois jours. Un procédé de « déshydro-irradiation », mis au point pour le « Bombay duck» et la crevette, porte la durée de conservation des produits semidéshydratés (40% d'eau) à plus de 150 jours à la température ambiante (25-28°C). Différents aspects de ce procédé ont été étudiés, en particulier la dose de rayonnements admissible, l’effet concomitant de l’acide sorbique, les améliorations de la qualité des produits au moyen d'autres traitements physiques et chimiques et le type d’emballage. En combinant l'irradiation à faibles doses (0,1 et 0,2 Mrad) et l'utilisation d'emballages enduits d’acide sorbique, il est possible de retarder d'environ 20 jours, à la température ambiante, l'apparition dans les fromages de moisissures et d'altérations de la saveur par oxydation. On a étudié les effets nuisibles des rayonnements sur les protéines du poisson en vue de déterminer notamment le degré de scission et d’aggrégation, l'effet de dédoublement et la mobilité électrophorétique. L’utilisation des rayonnements pour la désinsection des céréales et la prolongation de la durée de conservation du pain a donné des résultats encourageants. On étudie les effets de l'irradiation sur les composants et les qualités nutritives du blé. Le mémoire décrit les installations d’irradiation en service et à l'étude. Le laboratoire d'irradiation et de traitement des'denrées alimentaires, qui sera bientôt terminé, contiendra un irradiateur au cobalt-60 pour produits empaquetés (100 000 Ci), un irradiateur portatif au cobalt-60 pour céréales (28 000 Ci) et des installations annexes de laboratoire pour l’analyse, la recherche et le traitement. L'irradiateur pour produits empaquetés doit avoir une capacité de 45 kg/h sous 0,5 Mrad et l'irradiateur portatif pourra traiter 225 kg de céréales à l’heure, sous 15 krad. (author)[es]
Se ha estudiado el empleo de las radiaciones gamma de una fuente de cobalto-60 para: a) retrasar la maduración de ciertas frutas tropicales; b) esterilizar frutas y verduras, en combinación con un tratamiento térmico moderado; c) prolongar el período de almacenamiento de frutas semidesecadas; d) inhibir la germinación de patatas y cebollas. Se han evaluado las ventajas tecnológicas que ofrece el tratamiento por irradiación gamma de alimentos de origen marino, habiéndose analizado las propiedades organolépticas, la carga bacteriana, los indicios químicos de descomposición y las variaciones cualitativas y cuantitativas de la flora causante de la descomposición. La radiopasteurización (0,4 Mrad) prolonga el período de almacenamiento del Harpodon neherens de Bombay hasta 21 días, cuando se conserva a 10-12°C, y hasta 45 días, si se conserva a 0-4°C, mientras que el mismo pescado sin irradiar se descompone rápidamente en tres días. El tratamiento combinado consistente en calentamiento preliminar (4 min) seguido de irradiación en pequeña dosis (0,15 Mrad) prolonga el período de almacenamiento de los camarones hasta 90 días, si se conservan a 0-4°C. Si se suprime el calentamiento preliminar, los camarones se conservan bien durante 60 días; los testigos no irradiados se descomponen en tres días. Un tratamiento de deshidratación-irradiación, ideado para el Harpodon neherens de Bombay y los camarones, prolonga el período de almacenamiento de los productos semidesecados (40% de humedad) a la temperatura ambiente (25-28°C) hasta 150 días. Este tratamiento se ha estudiado en relación con la dosis de irradiación tolerada, el efecto sinérgico del ácido sórbico, el mejoramiento de la calidad por medio de otros tratamientos físicos y químicos y el tipo de envase. La aparición de mohos y de olores desagradables por oxidación en el queso puede retardarse hasta unos 20 días a la temperatura ambiente mediante el empleo combinado de bajas dosis de irradiación (0,1 y 0,2 Mrad) y de envolturas impregnadas de ácido sórbico. Se han estudiado los daños causados por las radiaciones en proteínas de pez analizando el grado de escisión y de agregación, el efecto de desarrollo y la movilidad electroforética. El empleo de las radiaciones para desinfestar cereales y prolongar el período de almacenamiento del pan de maíz ha dado resultados prometedores. Se están realizando estudios sobre los cambios de composición y las propiedades nutritivas del trigo irradiado. Se describen las instalaciones de irradiación presentes y futuras. Pronto estará terminado el Laboratorio de irradiación y tratamiento de alimentos que comprenderá un irradiador compacto de cobalto-60 (100 000 Ci), un irradiador portátil de cereales de cobalto-60 (28 000 Ci) y otras instalaciones de tratamiento de alimentos, así como laboratorios de análisis y de investigación. El irradiador compacto tiene una capacidad de producción de 100 lib. /h a 0,5 Mrad, y el irradiador portátil puede tratar 500 lib. /h de grano a 15 krad. (author)[ru]
Izuchalis' voprosy primenenija gamma-izlu- chenija kobal'ta-60 dlja a) zaderzhki sozrevanija nekotoryh tropicheskih fruktov; b) sterilizacii v sochetanii s nebol'shim nagrevaniem fruktov i ovoshhej; v) uvelichenija srokov hranenija polusushenyh fruktov; i g) zaderzhki prorastanija kartofelja i luka. Tehnologicheskie preimushhestva obrabotki morskih produktov gamma-oblucheniem byli oceneny putem tshhatel'noj proverki organolepticheskih kachestv, bakterial'noj nagruzki, himicheskih pokazatelej porchi i kachestvennyh i kolichestvennyh izmenenij bakterial'noj flory. Pasterizacija oblucheniem (0,4 Mrad) uvelichivaet prodolzhitel'nost' hranenija har- podona do 21 i 45 dnej pri temperature 10-12°S i 0 - 4°S, togda kak bez takoj obrabotki . proishodit bystraja porcha jetoj ryby v techenie treh dnej. Kombinirovannyj process, sostojashhij iz blanshirovanija (4 min.) i posledujushhego obluchenija slaboj dozoj (0,15 Mrad), udlinjaet srok hranenija krevetok do 90 dnej pri temperature 0 — 4°S. Bez blanshirovanija krevetki mogut hranit'sja v techenie 60 dnej, togda kak neobluchennye kontrol'nye jekzempljary portjatsja v techenie treh dnej. Degidro-radiacionnyj process, razrabotannyj dlja harpodona i krevetok, uvelichivaet srok hranenija polusuhih produktov (40% vlazhnosti) pri komnatnoj temperature (25 - 28°S) bolee chem do 150 dnej. Jetot process byl issledovan s tochki zrenija dopustimoj dozy obluchenija, sinergichnogo jeffekta sarbinovoj kisloty, uluchshenija kachestva v rezul'tate drugih vidov fizicheskoj i himicheskoj obrabotki i vida upakovochnogo materiala. Pojavlenie pleseni i nezhelatel'nyh zapahov okislenija u syra mozhet byt' zaderzhano primerno na 20 dnej pri komnatnoj temperature v rezul'tate obluchenija slabymi dozami (0,1 i 0,2 Mrad) i primenenija obertki, pokrytoj sarbinovoj kislotoj. Radiacionnoe povrezhdenie belkov ryby bylo izucheno s tochki zrenija stepeni ih rasshheplenija, skoplenija, jeffekta raskrytija i jelektroforeznoj podvizhnosti. Obnadezhivajushhie rezul'taty byli polucheny pri primenenii radiacii dlja dezinfesta- cii zerna i prodlenija sroka hranenija indijskogo hleba. Prodolzhaetsja izuchenie izmenenij sostava i pitatel'nosti obluchennoj pshenicy. Opisany sushhestvujushhie i zaplanirovannye ustanovki dlja obluchenija. Laboratorija obluchenija i obrabotki pishhevyh produktov, kotoraja budet gotova v skorom vremeni, budet imet' sbornyj obluchatel' s kobal'tom-60 (100 000 kjuri), portativnyj obluchatel' dlja zerna s kobal'tom-60 (28000 kjuri) i drugie ustanovki dlja obluchenija pishhevyh produktov, a takzhe analiticheskie i issledovatel'skie laboratorii. Predusmotrennaja proizvoditel'nost' sbornogo obluchatelja sostavljaet 100 funtov/chas pri doze. 0,5 Mrad, a portativnogo obluchatelja - 500 funtov/chas zerna pri doze 15 krad. (author)Original Title
Recherches sur l’irradiation des Denrees Alimentaires et Installations Pilotes en Service ou a l’Etude en Inde; Izuchenie oblucheniya pishchevykh produktov' i dejstvuyushchie'i zaplanirovannye opytnye ustanovki v Indii; Irradiacion de Alimentos en la India: Investigaciones y Plantas Piloto en Servicio o en Proyecto
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International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna (Austria); Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, Rome (Italy); 979 p; Nov 1966; p. 785-803; International Symposium on Food Irradiation; Karlsruhe, Federal Republic of Germany (Germany); 6-10 Jun 1966; IAEA-SM--73/66; ISSN 0074-1884; ; 24 refs., 8 tabs., 4 figs.
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ANIMALS, AQUATIC ORGANISMS, ARTHROPODS, BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, BIRDS, CARBOXYLIC ACIDS, COBALT ISOTOPES, CRUSTACEANS, DECAPODS, DOSES, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION, FOOD, FOOD PROCESSING, FOWL, INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI, INTERNAL CONVERSION RADIOISOTOPES, INVERTEBRATES, IONIZING RADIATIONS, IRRADIATION, ISOMERIC TRANSITION ISOTOPES, ISOTOPES, LILIOPSIDA, MAGNOLIOPHYTA, MILK PRODUCTS, MINUTES LIVING RADIOISOTOPES, MONOCARBOXYLIC ACIDS, NUCLEI, ODD-ODD NUCLEI, ORGANIC ACIDS, ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, PLANTS, PROCESSING, RADIATIONS, RADIOISOTOPES, TUBERS, VEGETABLES, VERTEBRATES, YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
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