[en] Recent achievements in chemistry and technology of nanosized inorganic particles provide possibility of synthesis in various metal oxides, chalcogenides, and so on. Surface modification of nanoparticles in some cases provides formation of their stable dispersions in liquid hydrocarbons. State of art in the field of inorganic nanoparticles' synthesis and their application in tribology is discussed. Special attention is paid to synthesis of surface-capped and bare molybdenum sulfide nanoparticles and to testing thereof as friction-modifying additives for liquid lubricants. Differences in action mechanism of MoS_x nanoparticles and 'molecular' molybdenum complexes are discussed. Future trends of inorganic nanoparticles use as lubricant additives are suggested

[en] Some molybdenum complexes were synthesized and described especially with respect to both friction and wear reduction. The use of these substances is discussed with due consideration of the influence of higher temperatures and the increase in critical load. Complexes containing a maximum number of sulfur atoms proved to be most effective. (author)