[en] Heavy ion activation of natural cobalt foil with 52 MeV ¹¹B⁴⁺ and 73 MeV ¹²C⁶⁺ results in the formation of carrier-free ^66,67Ge and ^66,67As radionuclides, respectively, along with their corresponding decay products, ^66,67Ga in the matrix. The carrier free gallium radionuclides have been separated from the bulk target matrix cobalt by employing liquid-liquid extraction method using TOA as liquid anion exchanger

[en] New developments in science and technology with the help of radiotracer and energetic beams in carrying out research are the topics covered in this symposium viz. Radioisotope production, Nuclear data, Application of radiotracers in chemical sciences, environmental sciences, environmental radioactivity, Agriculture etc. It also covers radiotracers and Ion Beam in Material Sciences, RIB and its applications, Accelerator Mass Spectrometry etc. Papers relevant to INIS are indexed separately

[en] Heavy ion activation of natural gold foil with a ⁷Li beam results in the formation of carrier-free ^199-201Pb radionuclides along with their corresponding decay products, ^199-201Tl, in the matrix. At 49 MeV projectile energy, the production of ¹⁹⁹Tl through its precursor ¹⁹⁹Pb is maximal, while that of other thallium radionuclides is minimal. Another way for the direct production of carrier-free thallium radionuclides is to irradiate natural platinum foil with a ⁷Li beam; on this case, production of ¹⁹⁹Tl is maximal at 43 MeV projectile energy. The carrier-free thallium radionuclides have been separated from the bulk target matrix gold and platinum by liquid-liquid extraction using trioctylamine as a liquid anion exchanger

[en] No-carrier-added (NCA) ${}^{71,72}$As radionuclides were produced by irradiating gallium oxide target by 46 MeV α-particles. NCA ${}^{71,72}$As was separated from the target matrix by liquid-liquid extraction (LLX) using trioctyl amine (TOA) and tricaprylmethylammonium chloride (aliquat-336) diluted in cyclohexane. The bulk gallium was quantitatively extracted into the organic phase leaving ${}^{71,72}$As in the aqueous phase. Complete separation was observed at 3 M HCl + 0.1 M TOA and 2 M HCl + 0.01 M aliquat-336.

[en] Recent trends in the radiochemical separation of carrier-free radionuclides, particularly those produced using the charge particle activation are described. (author). 47 refs

[en] After irradiation with thermal neutrons ¹⁶⁴Dy produces ¹⁶⁶Ho through the nuclear reaction: ¹⁶⁴Dy(n,γ) ¹⁶⁵Dy(n,γ) ¹⁶⁶Dy, ¹⁶⁶Ho. ¹⁶⁶Ho has been separated from the bulk dysprosium target with the help of HPLC using Aminex A7 ion exchanger resin and α-hydroxyisobutyric acid (α-HIBA) as the mobile phase. The separation was quantitative and without any contamination from the dysprosium target. Method has also been developed to produce holmium free of α-HIBA ligands. Attempts have been made to produce no-carrier-added recoiled ¹⁶⁶Ho and ¹⁶⁵Dy in water

[en] Carrier free europium isotopes ^145,146Eu have been produced by irradiating a CsNO₃ target with an 80 MeV ¹⁶O beam. Radiochemical separation of the produced europium isotopes from the bulk target matrix of CsNO₃ have effectively been done using HDEHP, the liquid cation exchanger

[en] Heavy ion activation of natural gadolinium foil with 80 MeV ¹²C⁶⁺ results in the formation of carrier-free ytterbium isotopes, ^165,166,167Yb and their corresponding decay products, ^165,166,167Tm, in the matrix. Carrier-free ytterbium and thulium isotopes have been separated quantitatively from the bulk target matrix gadolinium by employing di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (HDEHP) as a liquid cation exchanger

[en] The non-conventional radionuclides are getting more importance in the field of nuclear medicine, mainly due to the possibility to make personalized diagnosis and therapy on case-to-case basis. For last twenty years, we are engaged in production and separation of non-conventional neutron deficient radionuclides by heavy ion (HI) activation. The varieties of projectiles like ⁷Li, ¹¹B, ¹²C, and ¹⁶O have been used for production of such radionuclides. One has liberty to go far away from the stability line by HI activation by choosing appropriate target projectile combination. Also due to larger difference in atomic number between product and target radionuclide, the separation of no-carrier-added (NCA) radionuclides become easier. This is especially true for rare earth radionuclides. We have also developed excellent separation methods of the HI induced NCA radionuclides from the target matrix. Some of the HI activation products are also excellent PET radionuclides. The disadvantage of heavy ion activation is the production cross section of HI induced reactions are much less compared to proton or α-particle activation. The lower cross section currently prohibits the use of HI activation products for their use in human application. However, there is continuous technological development in accelerator technology. In future it may be possible to produce required amount of NCA radionuclides in combination of high current ion source (e.g., ECR ion source), CW accelerators and advanced target technology. It is noteworthy to mention that though the yield of the radionuclides by HI activation is not sufficient for human application, but sufficient for pilot studies in laboratory scale such as small animal PET imaging, or bio-distribution studies

[en] A thick cobalt foil has been irradiated consecutively with ¹⁶O, ⁷Li, and ¹²C beams to produce the 'tracer packet' containing carrier free radiotracers of Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, As, and Se. The present work describes sequential separation of these product radionuclides by liquid-liquid extraction method. (author)