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[en] An overview is given of the nature and management of uranium mill tailings and various radioactive wastes. Illustrations are taken from Canadian programs, however the text is worldwide in scope. (E.C.B.)

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[en] There are several areas of current concern either bordering on or regarding radioactive waste management in the nuclear fuel cycle. These areas have local, regional and global aspects and require either immediate attention or preparation for future implications. Those areas requiring immediate attention are better management control over mill tailings, a shortage of irradiated fuel storage space, and decommissioning criteria. Fuel storage should be recognized as a viable alternative to reprocessing for at least the next decade and suitable storage space incorporated in nuclear reactor facilities. Regulatory bodies should establish decommissioning criteria which then should be taken into account during the planning and design of a nuclear facility. Areas indicating future implications are removal and confinement of gaseous radionuclides, particularly tritium and ⁸⁵krypton. There is now also some concern regarding ¹⁴carbon which should be investigated. Resolving the high-level and alpha-bearing waste disposal question seems to be one of the most serious problems and highest priority objectives facing the nuclear industry today. Use of suitable geologic formations appears to be the only technology which will be available for the next several decades. The alternative is surface storage in engineered facilities which does not finally answer the question. Consequently, demonstrating the disposition of high-level and alpha bearing wastes in suitable geologic formations should proceed without delay. International co-operation in the establishment and use of regional centres rather than having a proliferation of local facilities for fuel reprocessing should facilitate significantly the management of the resulting radioactive wastes. It would also reduce the hazards associated with having a large number of sources for radioactive releases. Nuclear power programmes can come closer to maturity through international co-operation in resolving the waste disposal question and minimizing the number of facilities involved in fuel reprocessing and radioactive waste management. (author)

[en] Safe operation of a nuclear reactor is not the end of nuclear responsibilities. Nuclear fission breeds responsibilities, some with long half-lives. Nuclear power programmes require consideration not only of the power plants, their siting and operation, and planning for the nuclear fuel supply but also of what is to be done with the irradiated fuels and the nuclear waste in them. There have to be decisions on spent fuel management, whether the fuel is to be stored and/or reprocessed (when and where), on having the appropriate facilities and technical competence available when needed, on the management and disposition of the radioactive wastes resulting from any fuel reprocessing, and on the safeguarding and utilization of the nuclear materials recovered from reprocessed fuels. Nuclear fuel cycle is discussed. Irradiated fuel is included because, today, fuel storage may become a viable option prior to reprocessing the fuel at some later time. The immediate and future areas of concern in the nuclear fuel cycle operations are presented, essentially all involving radioactive waste management. In addition, there is decommissioning which applies to all fuel cycle facilities

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[en] The most logical approach to evaluating radioactive waste management processes and their options is to consider radioactive waste management, handling, and disposal as a complete and complex system from the waste arisings to their disposition. The principal elements that should be considered or taken into account when making a decision involving one or more components of a radwaste management system essentially concern radiation doses or detriments- both radiological and industrial safety and both capital investments and operating costs. This paper discusses the system analysis of the low- and medium-level radioactive waste management

[en] This paper covers the status of radioactive waste management and the national policy for radioactive waste management in Korea, including current and projected radioactive waste management practices and organizational responsibilities. It develops and discusses the recently formulated criteria for the acceptance of packaged radioactive waste for disposal. Possible disposal methods are discussed, along with further considerations including research and development (RandD) on radioactive waste management and disposal which are especially directed to the situation of Korea as a developing country embarking on a nuclear power program