No abstract available

[en] For the description of low-energy nuclear structure in even spherical nuclei, the quasi-particle random phase approximation (QRPA) can be considered as a first approximation to the extended shell model. A nonlinear extension of the QRPA is made on the basis of an equations-of-motion approach; the algebra of pair operators and the Kerman-Klein method of spectral decomposition are used. This nonlinear extension of the QRPA, which is termed the nonlinear equations-of-motion (NLEM) method, can then be used to calculate the anharmonic effects of vibrational motion in even spherical nuclei. In the present NLEM method, angular momentum zero pairing correlations of the ground state are described by a generalized BCS calculation based on a variational method. The dynamics of the vibrational states are described by the Heisenberg equations of motion for fermion pair operators. The final algorithm is organized so as to involve little more than repeated BCS-like and RPA-like calculations, converging to a self-consistent solution of the full nonlinear scheme. The NLEM method is then applied to ⁶⁰⁶²⁶⁴Ni. The adequacy of the present NLEM method is first established by comparing results obtained with those of an exact diagonalization. It is found that a simple additional parameter in the Hamiltonian suffices to yield descriptions of the quadrupole states in Ni isotopes comparable in precision to the most up-to-date versions (modified, adjusted, etc.) of the surface delta interaction model. Finally, further applications and possible extensions of the NLEM method are discussed

No abstract available

[en] The work performed during the past fiscal year included: the development and preliminary experimental verification of a second generation deformation model based on state variables, which more correctly represents transient deformation; the establishment of experimental capabilities for investigating grain boundary anelasticity and the development of unified phenomenological models for grain boundary anelasticity and grain boundary sliding; the continued investigation of grain boundary cavitation processes in the Zircaloys; and the theoretical modeling of stress relaxation in thin films

[en] Cu coating is deposited by a micro-plasma spraying system under a low power of 2.8-4.2 kW. The effects of the main processing parameters including plasma arc power, operating gas flow and spray distance on the particle velocity during spraying, and the microstructure and microhardness and the oxygen content in the coating are investigated. The microstructure of the coating are examined using optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The property of the coating is characterized by cross-sectional microhardness. The particle velocity during in-flight is measured using a particle velocity/temperature measurement system based on thermal radiation. The dependency of the microstructure and property of the coating on spray particle conditions is examined through comparing the particle velocity, microstructure, and microhardness of the coating deposited by the micro-plasma spray with that by the conventional plasma spray at a power one order higher. It has been found that a dense copper coating comparable to the conventional plasma-sprayed one can be produced by the micro-plasma spray under a power one order lower. The present results confirm that the coating of comparable microstructure and property can be produced regardless of the plasma power level provided that the comparable particle velocity and molten state are achieved

[en] From fundamental principles, an analytic model is developed for energetic electrons interacting with hydrogenic plasmas. From a unified point of view this model treats, in contrast to earlier models, the effects of stopping, straggling, and beam blooming, a consequence of multiple scattering and energy loss. The model can treat either the case of partial or entire energy loss. Enhanced energy deposition, which occurs in the latter portion of the penetration, is found to be inextricably linked to straggling and beam blooming. For energy deposition, the following picture emerges: initially, a region of nearly uniform energy deposition occurs, but as the electron loses more energy, an extended region of enhanced, non-uniform energy deposition comes into play. This present work has important impacts on quantitatively evaluating energy deposition of the energetic electrons in various plasmas, including inertial confinement fusion plasmas and relativistic astrophysical jets. In the case of FI, for example, hitherto there have been no evaluations which have treated either straggling or blooming upon the energy deposition, without which there can be no confident assessment of ignition requirements. The calculations herein therefore forms a foundation for a baseline, at the very least, or an accurate assessment, at the very most, by which to evaluate these effects upon fast ignition. (Author)

No abstract available

[en] Karst water play an important role for water supply worldwide, especially in the carbonate areas. Jinci karst spring is one of the most famous scene spots in northern China, with c.a. 3500 year’s history. In this study, hydrogeochemical stable isotopes and geochemical modeling were employed to identify the major flowpath and to depict the flow system of this deep buried karst system. Two major flow path were identified successfully and the flow system was depicted with some major modification on the basis of old version. The karst water from the west deep buried area is estimated to contribute about 25-30% water supply for the The main runoff belt along the fault.

[en] Canada's forest dynamics are shaped by natural disturbances such as fire and insect outbreaks. The central focus of this workshop was climate change, which is likely to influence these disturbance agents and have an impact on biomass productivity. Forest biomass is Canada's second largest source of renewable energy and a major carbon pool in the global carbon budge. The presentations highlighted current research efforts on the effects of climate change, with particular focus on landscape-level disturbances and issues concerning biomass dynamics, such as the carbon cycle, managed forests and boreal forest vulnerability. Some of the major forest disturbances include insects, fires and root diseases. The workshop featured 9 presentations, of which 7 have been catalogued separately for inclusion in this database. refs., tabs., figs

[en] A reactor building assembly is described comprising: a reactor pressure vessel containing a reactor core for generating heat in the form of steam; a containment vessel enclosing said pressure vessel; a first enclosure surrounding said containment vessel and spaced laterally therefrom to define a first chamber there between, and having a top and a bottom; a second enclosure surrounding said first enclosure and spaced laterally therefrom to define a second chamber there between, and having a top and a bottom; a building inlet for receiving into said second chamber fresh air from outside said second enclosure; a building outlet for discharging stale air from said first chamber; a transfer duct disposed through said first enclosure selectively joining in flow communication said first and second chambers; said building inlet being disposed at said second enclosure top, said building outlet being disposed at said first enclosure top, and said transfer duct being disposed adjacent said first enclosure bottom for allowing said fresh air to flow downwardly by gravity through said second chamber and through said transfer duct into said first chamber for cooling said first chamber, said stale air flowing upwardly by natural buoyancy for discharger from said first chamber through said building outlet; an exhaust stack disposed above said building outlet and in flow communication therewith for channeling upwardly said stale air from said first chamber for discharge into the surrounding environs; and a passive first driving means for increasing flow of said stale air from said building outlet comprising: an isolation pool containing isolation water; an isolation condenser disposed in said isolation pool, and joined in flow communication with said reactor pressure vessel for receiving primary steam therefrom, said primary steam being cooled in said isolation condenser for heating said isolation water to generate secondary steam