[en] Recent results on top quark physics with the D0 experiment in anti pp collisions at √s = 1.8 TeV for an integrated luminosity of 125 pb^-1 are reported. The direct measurement of the top quark mass uses single lepton events, giving the result m_top = 173.3 ± 5.6(stat) ± 6.2(syst) GeV=c². The measurement of the t anti t production cross section includes analyses from 8 top decay channels: dilepton (t anti t → eμ, ee, and μμ), electron and neutrino (t anti t → eν), and single leptons (t anti t → e + jets and t anti t → μ + jets) with and without b tagging. We measure the t anti t production cross section to be 5.5 ± 1.8 pb at m_top = 173.3 GeV/c²

[en] The authors have studied the anisotropic low-field magnetoresistance (LFMR) in ultrathin Pr_0.67sr_0.33MnO₃ (PSMO) films epitaxially grown on LaAlO₃(LAO), STiO₃ (STO), and NdGaO₃ (NGO) substrates which impose compressive, tensile, and nearly-zero strains in the films. The compressively-strained films show a very large negative LFMR in a perpendicular magnetic field and a much smaller MR in a parallel field, while the tensile-strain films show positive LFMR in a perpendicular field and negative MR in a parallel field. The results are interpreted based on the strain-induced magnetic anisotropy

[en] The image method has been used for calculating the three dimensional magnetic field and parameters of the superconducting ac generator. It can represent the actual shape of the coils and take account of the conductor cross-section. The influence of the magnetic and conducting boundaries are represented approximately by the images in the boundaries and the influence of either conical or stepped boundaries in the end region is represented by forming images on a conical surface with adjustable coning in association with the boundary condition that lead to the possibility to improve the accuracy of the calculation

[en] Turmeric (Curcuma longa), belongs to Zingiberaceae family. The rhizomes contain bioactive compounds of the curcuminoids group (natural phenols). They are used in food and pharmaceutical industry. The aim of this research was to acquire dried turmeric with high total curcumin content. In this study, optimum turmeric drying conditions and new extraction techniques were explored. Fresh turmeric samples were subjected to constant vs changing drying air temperatures and pre-treatment (blanching). Changing drying air temperature and use of non-blanched turmeric slices resulted in the highest concentration of curcumin. Ultrasonic extraction instead of soxhlet extraction improved the extraction efficiency and decreased extraction time. (Author)

[en] The authors address vortex state and dynamics of mixed wave superconductors in the framework of Ginzburg-Landau theory. They find that the s- and d-wave components of a single vortex in the d+is-state exhibit two-fold symmetry and the intrinsic Hall effect displays a different angle dependence from that of d-wave state. For d_x²-y2 + id_xy-wave superconductors, a Ginzburg-Landau theory is developed from a microscopic theory with a strong coupling term being included. In the absence of a magnetic field, the theory predicts a pure d_x²-y² state at T > T* and a second order phase transition at T^- to a time-reversal-symmetry-breaking d_x²_-y² + id_xy state, with T* being very small. In a magnetic field, the strong coupling effect could lead to that a d_x²-_y² + id_xy state is always established, albeit with decreasing d_xy amplitude with increasing temperature

[en] Monazite((Ce,Y,La,Th)PO4) is an important phosphate mineral and is one of the widely used minerals for U-Th-Pb dating in geochronology. In this study, we have examined the crystallinity, the valence and coordination of radiogenic Pb in a natural RW-1 monazite standard (ThO2 up to13.5 wt% and Pb up to ~5000 ppm) with a 207Pb/235U age of 904.15 ± 0.26 Ma from a Norwegian pegmatite by using laser Raman spectroscopy (LRS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The Raman spectrum analysis revealed that this monazite is well crystalline and is not damaged by α-particles. The results of XPS and TEM suggest that the radiogenic Pb produced by the α-decay of U and Th is divalent and radiogenic Pb atom substitutes the Ce-site within the monazite crystal lattice. The qualitative analyses conducted on the HAADF-STEM data reveal heterogeneous distribution of radiogenic Pb within the monazite crystal lattice. This is the first work on the determination of the oxidation state, the atomic location and distribution of radiogenic Pb in a natural monazite (CePO4). The deeply study of radiogenic Pb in monazite at the nanoscale and atomic scale provides a good insight for us to understand the mechanisms of nano-isotopic mobility and the nano-geochronology that has been poorly understood so far.

[en] Collective flow observables at SPS and RHIC are studied. The question on the origin of collectivity is addressed by detailed analysis of transport models

[en] The X-ray bursts which have been observed since September 28, 1975, are considered, and it is pointed out that currently 31 burst sources are known. It is found that the X-ray burst sources are concentrated towards the galactic center. The main observational characteristics are discussed, taking into account details of distribution, the burst profile, spectra, burst intervals, aspects of identification, and type I and type II bursts. Questions regarding the development of theory are considered along with surface explosions from thermonuclear fusion on accreting neutron stars, and a number of important special characteristics

[en] China has developed a new oil crop, micro-endosperm ultra-high oil corn, approved by the government in 2011 and named Huajian No. 1 (HJ-1). This study analyzed the nutrients in HJ-1 cold-pressed whole-seed oil, their composition and contents in tocopherols, fatty acids, and phytosterols and compares them with those of seven selected vegetable oils. HJ-1 oil contained α-, β-, γ-, and δ-tocopherol, with contents of 433.25 ± 0.13, 26.27 ± 0.08, 570.69 ± 0.27, and 38.41 ± 0.005 mg/kg, respectively, the highest nutritional values among the vegetable oils studied, except for soybean and palm oils. Gas chromatography was used for fatty acid analysis and seven were detected, with the main ones being palmitic, oleic, and linoleic acids. In HJ-1, the ratio of oleic to linoleic acid was close to 1:1, and b-sitosterol, campesterol, and stigmasterol were present with contents of 254.20 ± 0.11, 108.91 ± 0.19, and 105.67 ± 0.58 mg/kg, respectively.

[en] Convective effects on free dendritic crystal growth into a supercooled melt in two dimensions are investigated using the phase-field method. The phase-field model incorporates both melt convection and thermal noise. A multigrid method is used to solve the conservation equations for flow. To fully resolve the diffuse interface region and the interactions of dendritic growth with flow, both the phase-field and flow equations are solved on a highly refined grid where up to 2.1 million control volumes are employed. A multiple time-step algorithm is developed that uses a large time step for the flow-field calculations while reserving a fine time step for the phase-field evolution. The operating state (velocity and shape) of a dendrite tip in a uniform axial flow is found to be in quantitative agreement with the prediction of the Oseen-Ivantsov transport theory if a tip radius based on a parabolic fit is used. Furthermore, using this parabolic tip radius, the ratio of the selection parameters without and with flow is shown to be close to unity, which is in agreement with linearized solvability theory for the ranges of the parameters considered. Dendritic sidebranching in a forced flow is also quantitatively studied. Compared to a dendrite growing at the same supercooling in a diffusive environment, convection is found to increase the amplitude and frequency of the sidebranches. The phase-field results for the scaled sidebranch amplitude and wavelength variations with distance from the tip are compared to linear Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin theory. It is also shown that the asymmetric sidebranch growth on the upstream and downstream sides of a dendrite arm growing at an angle with respect to the flow can be explained by the differences in the mean shapes of the two sides of the arm