[en] Objective: To observe radiation Response of cells by WORTMANNIN (WT), which is inhibitor for Phosphatidylinositol-3 Kinase (PI-3K). Methods: LP3 cells are prepared with different concentration of WT for 1 hour and receive different dose γ irradiation. To continue the cell for clone culture, and get the production of dose-survival curve. 1800 pulsed-field gel electrophoresis is used to detect DNA double-strand breaks after the 20 Gy γ irradiation. Continue to use the mobility shift assays (Electrophoresis Mobility Shift Assay, EMSA) to observe NF-kB transcription factor of the corresponding changes. Result: WT can be found to increase the radiation sensitivity of SP3 cells, the best sensitizer concentration in 20 μmol /L or more, obvious sensitizing effect within 6 h time; the electrophoresis experiments showed that after irradiation with time, by 50 μmol /L WT group DNA the gel is higher than that of the simple exposure group; transcription factor NF-kB binding activity in the 6 hours after exposure experiences a low-rise and then the process of rising with its the peak of the change reaching after about 3 hours after irradiation. Conclusion: It suggests the existence of PI-3K-mediated radiation sensitizer pathways. Ionizing radiation may activate NF-kB, which caused some DNA damage repair and other defense mechanisms and cell-related gene activity in order to reduce radiation damage. WT may block this process through the early stages of radiation-sensitizing effect. (authors)

[en] Radiation-induced lung injury(RILI) is a common complication of thoracic radiotherapy, including pneumonitis and the latter fibrosis. It had great impact on long term quality of life and could result in fatal respiratory insufficiency. At present the usual method for it are corticosteroids and cytokine inhibitor. But the side effects of such drugs were also evident. Therefore, identification of safer and more effective radioprotectants for radiation-induced lung injury is urgently required. Fortunately, a great deal of research shows that plant extracts can be great potential for the treatment of RILI. Herein, we review the literature on plant extracts treatment of radiation-induced lung injury. Plant extracts generally have little toxicity and vast pharmacological apllications. This review creates a solid foundation upon which to further study the efficacy of plants that are both currently used as reduce radiation-induced lung injury medicines. (authors)

[en] Objective: To develop a new method of bone marrow scheduled transplantation (BMST) by making use of the effects of acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) on improving hematopoiesis. Methods: The scheduled transplantation of bone marrow cells preincubated with aFGF (aFGF-BMST) was carried out to study the effects of aFGF on hematopoietic reconstitution and reducing acute graft versus host disease (GVHD) in acute radiation disease model of Kunming mice. Results: The survival rate of the group of aFGF-BMST mice with 4 x 10⁶ BMXs was 40%, which was higher than the survival of the group of BMT with 1 x 10⁷ BMCs alone (30%), but was lower than the survival of the group of BMST with 4 x 10⁶ BMCs. On the other hand, the recovery rates in numbers of leucocytes, nucleated cells and CFU-E, CFU-GM, CFU-S were faster than those in the group of BMT with 1 x 10⁷ BMCs alone and in the group of BMST with 4 x 10⁶ BMCs. In addition, the severity of GVHD in the group of aFGF-BMST mice with 4 x 10⁶ BMCs was lower than that in the group of BMT with 1 x 10⁷ BMCs alone but was higher than that in the group of BMST with 4 x 10⁶ BMCs. Conclusion: Although aFGF can activate heterogeneous T cells to cause GVHD, there is prospect of making full use of the effects of aFGF on improving hematopoiesis and reducing the side effects of aFGF leading to GVHD through scheduled transplantation of bone marrow cells preincubated with aFGF

[en] Attempts were afforded to search for new antiaplastic anemia draws from tetrapyrroles. Observation of the effects of copper purpurin 18, a representative one of the metal tetrapyrroles was synthesized by ours, on erythropoiesis in Kungming mice lethally irradiated. It was shown that copper purpurin 18 preferably increased stem cells (CFU-S) into erythroidprogenitor cells (CFU-E), and increase WBC and nucleated cells of bone marrow significantly in the phase of recover. It suggested that there may be good prospect in developing new drugs for treatment of aplastic anemia with copper purpurin 18, and it was worth to further investigations

[en] Objective: To investigate the alterations of INK4A gene and protein in the leukemia model of mice induced by ⁶⁰Co γ-ray irradiation. Methods: BALB/c mice were irradiated 4 times weekly with ⁶⁰Co γ-ray irradiation to establish the animal model of lymphocyte leukemia, and the total absorbed dose was 7.0 Gy. PCR was used to amplify exons 1 and 2 of INK4A gene and to detect the homozygous deletion. The occurrence of methylation in the 5'CpG island was studied with methylation sensitive enzyme PCR. PCR-SSCP-silver staining technique was used to detect the mutation. The expression of P16 protein was detected with Western blot. Results: In 21 cases of leukemia model tissues, there were 5 cases of depletion of the exon 2 of INK4A gene, and 4 cases of methylation in the priming domain of the exon 1, 11 cases of protein expression decreased. Conclusions: The decrease in p16 expression might participate in the radiation- induced tumorigenesis. The homozygous deletion and methylation are the main causes of inactivation of INK4A gene in mice. (authors)

[en] In this paper the radioprotection effects of fullerene derivative (C₆₀-Lys) on AHH-1 cells and its protective mechanism have been investigated. The 800 mg/L C₆₀-lys can improve the survival rate of irradiated AHH-1 cells, which are 64.6% and 41.3% for the irradiation and control groups at 8 Gy dose, respectively. The cell fluorescence images show that the 16.3% apoptosis rate at 1300 mg/L C₆₀-lys is lower than that of the 39.2% irradiation free of C₆₀-lys. In the situation with additive 800 mg/L C₆₀-lys and 4 Gy of irradiation, the dosed time before or after irradiation significantly affects the average survival rates of AHH-1 cells, which are 85.6% and 64.1%, respectively. In the AHH-1 cells treatment with C₆₀-lys can obviously reduce the G₂ blockage of AHH-1 cells induced by 4 Gy radiation, DNA damage and amount of 8-OHdG especially. (authors)

[en] Objective: To investigate the influence of effective STAT3 antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (AS10) on radiosensitivity of A549 cells. Methods: Oligodeoxynucleotides were tansfected into A549 cells. Cell viability was assessed using CCK-8 assay. Apoptotic assay was performed using Hoechst 33258 staining and Annexin V/PI with FACS analysis, the expressions of STAT3, P-STAT3, Bcl-X1 and Cyclin D1, were measured by Western blot. Results: The expression of STAT3, P-STAT3, Bel-X1 and Cyclin D1 were downregulated. Cell viability was decreased significantly in those groups transfected with AS10 followed by different dose of γ irradiation. Fraction of early apoptosis was increased when combined AS10 transfection with irradiation compared with those cells treated with irradiation alone or NS transfection with subsequent exposure to irradiation. Conclusion: These results indicate that effective STAT3 antisense oligodeoxynucleotides(AS10) can enhance the therapeutic effect of γ-irradiation to A549 cells, which support the role of STAT3 as a potential molecular target for tumor therapies, and also a potential molecular target for enhancement of radiosensitivity of radioresistant tumors. (authors)

[en] CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN), a synthetic analog of bacteria DNA, has attracted attention because it activates cells of an adaptive immune system and the innate immune system. In this study, we investigated whether CpG-ODN has radioprotective effects, when administered after total-body irradiation (TBI). Mice were treated with 50 μg CpG-ODN via intraperitoneal injection (i.p) within 30 min, 24 h and 48 h after TBI. Our results showed that the survival rate was enhanced at various levels of TBI. The calculated dose reduction factor (DRF) was 1.2. Bone marrow cell count and bone marrow histological examination indicated that CpG-ODN minimized the bone marrow damage induced by TBI. The data of the white blood cell (WBC) count, exogenous (CFU-S) and endogenous (endoCFU-S) colony forming unit-spleen count demonstrated that CpG-ODN reduced primitive hematopoietic stem cells damage and reconstituted hematopoiesis after TBI. Thus, we suggested that CpG-ODN had the potential to contribute to the improvement of the survival rate and limitation of myelosuppression induced by TBI. (author)

[en] In this study, we synthesized a fullerene derivative C₆₀-Lys via direct reaction of fullerene(C₆₀) and Lysine, whose molecular structure was identified by elemental analysis, infrared spectrum, ¹H-NMR and ¹³C-NMR. It has been found that the chemical C₆₀-Lys has little toxicity on human lymphoblast cell AHH-1. CCK-8 assay and AnnexinV/PI staining assay were performed to evaluate the cell survival rate and apoptosis after γ rays irradiation. The cell survival rate of C₆₀-Lys treatment groups (≤1300 mg/L ) shows no significant difference compared with the control group. The results show that pretreatment of cell with C₆₀-Lys(≥400 mg/L) markedly increases the cell sur-vival and decreases the cell apoptosis rate after irradiation exposure in a dose-dependant manner. These results can be suggested that C₆₀-Lys has certain radioprotection effects to AHH-1 cell against radiation induced damages. (authors)

[en] Objective: To investigate the protective effects of fullerenol in ICR mice against ⁶⁰Co γ-ray. radiation. Methods: ICR mice were injected (ip) with fullerenol continuously from 5d before to 7d after whole-body ⁶⁰Co γ-ray irradiation. The total dose was 5.0 Gy and 8.0 Gy respectively and the dose rate was 1.0 Gy/min. The change in body weight and index of spleen, index of thymus, peripheral blood cell counts on the 7 th day after irradiation were observed. The survival rate and average survival time were monitored during the period of 30 days after irradiation. Result: Fullerenol showed significant radioprotective effects on white blood cell and platelet counts, protecting spleen and thymus. Also fullerenol increased the survival rate on the 30 th day after irradiation and the average survival time. Conclusion: Fullerenol has efficient capacity of radioprotection in irradiated mice. (authors)