[en] Nanoparticle and metal phthalocyanine (MPc) transparent colloidal aqueous solutions were directly obtained by 355 nm YAG laser ablation. We found that too long an irradiation time does not contribute to producing nanoparticles and their generation efficiency increases with a low solution temperature. We believe this due to nanoparticle reassociation which is caused by hydrophobicity. To prevent generated nanoparticles from reassociating we performed experiments adding two kinds of ionic and nonionic surfactants into solution. We found five characteristics of nanoparticle generation from adding surfactants to a solution regardless of the type of surfactant used. These characteristics are that: (1) production efficiency increases; (2) stability is better after irradiation; (3) irradiation intensity needed to induce nanoparticle generation becomes lower; (4) mean size of the generated nanoparticles becomes smaller; and (5) crystalline structures of oxo(phthalocyaninato) vanadium (IV) (VOPc) are controllable by changing the surfactant concentration

[en] Iron phthalocyanine (FePc) nanoparticles aqueous colloidal solutions were prepared by laser ablation in water, including surfactants. The Q band of FePc can be shifted to the longer or shorter wavelength widely by adjusting the concentration of surfactants on the basis of critical micelle concentration (CMC) with laser irradiation. The change in micelle structure of the surfactants surrounding the FePc nanoparticles may be the main reason for the shifting of the Q band

[en] We investigate the intrinsic magnon spin current in a noncollinear antiferromagnetic insulator. We introduce a definition of the magnon spin current in a noncollinear antiferromagnet and find that it is in general nonconserved, but for certain symmetries and spin polarizations the averaged effect of nonconserving terms can vanish. We formulate a general linear response theory for magnons in noncollinear antiferromagnets subject to a temperature gradient and analyze the effect of symmetries on the response tensor. We apply this theory to single-layer potassium iron jarosite ${\mathrm{KFe}}_3{\left(\mathrm{OH}\right)}_6{\left({\mathrm{SO}}_4\right)}_2$ and predict a measurable spin current response.

[en] The favourite adsorption sites of ethylene on the Ni(1 1 0) surface at high and low coverage has been obtained by the cluster calculations. At low coverage, an isolated ethylene molecule occupies a site approximately midway between short-bridge and atop sites, the C-C-axis of molecule is slightly parallel to the ridges and offset in <1 0 0> direction, the tilt angle of the C-C-axis with the Ni surface plane is about 10 degrees. The C-C bond length is 1.51 Angst. At high coverage (0.5 ML), ethylene on Ni(1 1 0) form a c (2x4) ordered phase. The local adsorption sites of two ethylene molecules in a surface unit mesh are found to be similar to that at low coverage, but the C-C bond lengths are 1.42 and 1.43 Angst, respectively

[en] Modified many-body interatomic potentials for modeling high-energy atomic collision in NiAl are constructed and described. The displacement threshold energy as a function of the primary recoil direction for Ni atoms and Al atoms in NiAl has been investigated by molecular dynamics simulations using the modified potentials. The defect structure induced by recoil events has been presented. The results show that the lowest threshold displacement energy, E_d, is near the <1 0 0> orientation and the mean value of E_d for an Al atom is higher than a Ni. A crowdion in the compact crystalline directions, <1 1 1>, incorporating an extra Ni atom is the stable interstitial configuration

[en] Several studies have shown Soluble Reactive Phosphorus (SRP) analyses provide a poor index of dissolved phosphorus (P) bioavailability in natural systems. We tested 21 inorganic and organic P containing compounds with series of nutrient uptake and bioavailability bioassay experiments and chemical characterizations. Our results show that in 81% of cases, these compounds did not fit the classic assumption that SRP approximately equals Bioavailable P (BAP). Many organic compounds were classified as non-reactive, but had very rapid uptake kinetics and were nearly entirely bioavailable (e.g., several nucleic acids, ATP, RNA, DNA and phosphatidylcholine). Several inorganic compounds also classified as non-reactive but had high bioavailability (i.e., sodium tripolyphosphate and phosphorus pentoxide). Conversely, apatite was operationally classified as reactive, but had low bioavailability. Due to their tendency to alias as SRP, but recalcitrance and very low bioavailability, humic-(Al/Fe)-phosphorus complexes may play an especially important role in the dissolved phosphorus dynamics of natural systems. Highlights: •We tested 21 P containing compounds with bioassay and chemical speciation. •The acid molybdate method does not consistently predict the bioavailability of P compounds. •The P in humic substances was bounded with Al/Fe and could not be taken up by algal. •A new classification scheme divided P species based on bioavailability and chemical speciation. -- SRP is a poor indicator of the bioavailability of many of P containing compounds and much of what is classified as SRP in nature could be associated with humic-metal complexes with low bioavailability

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No abstract available

[en] Chemical modification of graphene is a promising approach to manipulate its properties for its end applications. Herein we designed a two-step route through chlorination-Grignard reactions to covalently decorate the surface of graphene with adamantane groups. The chemically modified graphene was characterized by Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Chlorination of graphene occurred rapidly, and the substitution of chlorine atoms on chlorinated graphene by adamantane Grignard reagent afforded adamantane graphene in almost quantitative yield. Adamantane groups were found to be covalently bonded to the graphene carbons. The present two-step procedure may provide an effective and facile route for graphene modification with varieties of organic functional groups. - Graphical abstract: Adamantane groups covalently functionalized graphene is obtained by direct substitution of chlorinated graphene with bromoadamantane Grignard reagent.

[en] An apparatus of cross-beam scattering for the electrons, atoms and molecular is established. The fluorescence of N₂⁺ B²Σ_u⁺-X²Σ_g⁺ emissions are recorded during the cross-beam scattering of electrons and nitrogen molecular. The 391.5 nm line is (0,0) emissions and the 427.7 nm line is (0,1) emissions