[en] A brief pulse of red (R) radiation increased activity and protein content of photosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC): this increase was inhibited by cycloheximide. The effect of R was far-red pulse (FR) reversible when R was followed immediately by FR. Thus phytochrome was involved in PEPC regulation in etiolated maize leaves. Both a lag phase and a saturation exists in the process of R induction of PEPC synthesis: the highest PEPC activity was obtained 24 h after R. Etiolated maize leaves of different age showed different sensitivity to R: the highest sensitivity was found in 5 d-old seedlings. 5 min of R was sufficient for inducing PEPC synthesis, and no additional increases were obtained in activity and protein content of PEPC when the R time was prolonged

[en] Highlights: • Pulsed arc is more effective to improve the stability of laser-arc hybrid welding. • LCHW has the highest fraction of acicular ferrite and high-angle grain boundaries. • Grain refinement depends on effective current of the arc. • LSHW has the most apparent vestige of texture components. • The microstructure and microtexture formation mechanisms were summarized. - Abstract: Arc mode plays an important role in joint characterizations of arc welding, but it has been seldom considered in laser-arc hybrid welding. This paper investigated the role of arc mode on laser-metal active gas (MAG) arc hybrid welding of mild steel. Three arc modes were employed, which were cold metal transfer (CMT), pulsed spray arc and standard short circuiting arc. Microtexture of the joints were observed and measured via electron back scattering diffraction (EBSD) system to reveal the effect of arc mode on microstructure. Mechanical properties of the joints were evaluated by tensile and Charpy V-notch impact tests. It was found that both the stability and mechanical properties of laser-CMT hybrid welding (LCHW) is the best, while those of laser-standard short circuiting arc welding (LSHW) is the worst. OM and EBSD results showed that the fraction of acicular ferrite and high-angle grain boundaries in fusion zone decreases gradually in the sequence of LCHW, laser-pulsed spray arc welding and LSHW, while the mean grain size increases gradually. Finally, the microstructure formation mechanisms and the relationship between microstructure and mechanical properties were summarized by the loss of alloying element and the stirring effect in molten pool

[en] With the accelerating process of urbanization, developing countries are facing growing pressure to pursue energy savings and emission reductions, especially in urban passenger transport. In this paper, we built a Beijing urban passenger transport carbon model, including an economy subsystem, population subsystem, transport subsystem, and energy consumption and CO_2 emissions subsystem using System Dynamics. Furthermore, we constructed a variety of policy scenarios based on management experience in Beijing. The analysis showed that priority to the development of public transport (PDPT) could significantly increase the proportion of public transport locally and would be helpful in pursuing energy savings and emission reductions as well. Travel demand management (TDM) had a distinctive effect on energy savings and emission reductions in the short term, while technical progress (TP) was more conducive to realizing emission reduction targets. Administrative rules and regulations management (ARM) had the best overall effect of the individual policies on both energy savings and emission reductions. However, the effect of comprehensive policy (CP) was better than any of the individual policies pursued separately. Furthermore, the optimal implementation sequence of each individual policy in CP was TP→PDPT→TDM→ARM. -- Highlights: •The creation of a Beijing urban transport carbon model using system dynamics. •The effect of different policies on energy conservation and emission reductions. •The cumulative effect of different individual policies. •The optimal sequence of individual policy implementation in comprehensive policy

[en] A test of resin transfer was carried out for a new DN400 1600 ion exchange device at the condition of different depths of resin bed (800, 950 and 1100 mm). The test result shows that the transfer efficiency of the resin can improved significantly when the depth of the resin bed t is 1100 mm at same conditions. (authors)

[en] A DN400 experimental facility with inversed U-shaped twin towers for uranium ion exchange is designed and developed to solve the existing problems in ion exchange equipment, such as easy agglomeration on the upper layer of resin bed, much resin abrasion, high sensitiveness for mud and sand, and difficulty in producing ideal plug flow in back-wash process. The facility combined with the valve control principle, cross flow type sieve plate and the unique inlet and outlet structures can solve the above problems, and the efficiency of uranium extraction can be improved significantly. (authors)

[en] The application and secondary development of airborne survey data are practically significant. Based on the metallogenetic geological setting analysis, the author discusses the prospecting for in-situ leachable sandstone-type uranium deposit in Meso-Cenozoic basins by means of obtained airborne radioactive and magnetic survey data of East-Junggar region. A more effective method of airborne survey data processing and interpretation is proposed and three favorable metallogenetic areas are predicted in the working region

[en] This paper comprehensively expounds the application effect of gamma-ray spectrometric survey in Kymishi basin, Xingjiang Autonomous region, China. Based on special geologic conditions in salt lake, a concept of potassium anomaly enhancement has been proposed, anomaly features of salt lake-type potash gamma-ray spectrometric survey and prospecting model are discussed. According to these, five prospecting potential areas have been delineated, an orebody of bittern-type potassium nitrate has been discovered and confirmed by exploration tunneling engineering. (authors)

[en] Objective: To explore the protective effect of Armillariella tabescen Sing (ATS) on radiation injury, in mice. Methods: The mice were divided into six groups randomly, including normal group (0.9% physiological salt solution), radiation model group, positive group (Shenqipian, SQP) and experiment groups of different doses of ATS(80, 160, 320 mg/kg). The model was made in mice by γ-ray. After irradiation, 30 day survival rate were observed. WBC counts, micronucleus (MN) test in mouse bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE) and sperms abnormality were detected. The content of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in bone marrow, index of thymus and spleen, superoxide dismutases (SOD) activities and malonaldehyde (MDA) levels in serum and liver were measured. Results: ATS could obviously increase the 30 day survival rate, content of DNA in bone marrow (P<0.05), number of the colony forming unit of spleen (CFU-S) (P<0.05) and SOD activities (P<0.05). It markedly resist the decrease of the number of white blood cell (WBC) (P<0.05), weights of thymus and spleen. It also could decrease MDA levels (P<0.05), rate of MN (P<0.05) and sperms abnormality frequency (SF) significantly (P<0.05). Conclusions: ATS is effective in protecting the γ-radiation injury in mice. (authors)

[en] In this paper, the dilepton electromagnetic decays χ${}_{cJ}$(1P)→J/ψe${}^{+}$e${}^{\text{â<!-- ?? -->}}\text{ˆ<!-- ?? -->}\text{’<!-- ??? -->}$ and χ${}_{cJ}$(1P)→Jψμ${}^{+}$μ${}^{\text{â<!-- ?? -->}}\text{ˆ<!-- ?? -->}\text{’<!-- ??? -->}$, where χ${}_{cJ}$ denotes χ${}_{c0}$, χ${}_{c1}$ and χ${}_{c2}$, are calculated systematically in the improved Bethe–Salpeter method. The numerical results of decay widths and the invariant mass distributions of the final lepton pairs are given. The comparison is made with the recently measured experimental data of BESIII. It is shown that for the cases including e${}^{+}$e${}^{\text{â<!-- ?? -->}}\text{ˆ<!-- ?? -->}\text{’<!-- ??? -->}$, the gauge invariance is decisive and should be considered carefully. For the processes of χ${}_{cJ}$(1P)→J/ψe${}^{+}$e${}^{\text{â<!-- ?? -->}}\text{ˆ<!-- ?? -->}\text{’<!-- ??? -->}$, the branching fraction are: B[χ${}_{c0}$(1P)→J/ψe${}^{+}$e${}^{\text{â<!-- ?? -->}}\text{ˆ<!-- ?? -->}\text{’<!-- ??? -->}$]=1.06${}_{\text{â<!-- ?? -->}\text{ˆ<!-- ?? -->}\text{’<!-- ??? -->}0.18}^{+0.16}$×10${}^{\text{â<!-- ?? -->}\text{ˆ<!-- ?? -->}\text{’<!-- ??? -->}4}$, B[χ${}_{c1}$(1P)→J/ψe${}^{+}$e${}^{\text{â<!-- ?? -->}}\text{ˆ<!-- ?? -->}\text{’<!-- ??? -->}$]=2.88${}_{\text{â<!-- ?? -->}\text{ˆ<!-- ?? -->}\text{’<!-- ??? -->}0.53}^{+0.50}$×10${}^{\text{â<!-- ?? -->}\text{ˆ<!-- ?? -->}\text{’<!-- ??? -->}3}$, and B[χ${}_{c2}$(1P)→J/ψe${}^{+}$e${}^{\text{â<!-- ?? -->}}\text{ˆ<!-- ?? -->}\text{’<!-- ??? -->}$]=1.74${}_{\text{â<!-- ?? -->}\text{ˆ<!-- ?? -->}\text{’<!-- ??? -->}0.21}^{+0.22}$×10${}^{\text{â<!-- ?? -->}\text{ˆ<!-- ?? -->}\text{’<!-- ??? -->}3}$. The calculated branching fractions of χ${}_{cJ}$(1P)→J/ψμ${}^{+}$μ${}^{\text{â<!-- ?? -->}}\text{ˆ<!-- ?? -->}\text{’<!-- ??? -->}$ channels are: B[χ${}_{c0}$(1P)→J/ψμ${}^{+}$μ${}^{\text{â<!-- ?? -->}}\text{ˆ<!-- ?? -->}\text{’<!-- ??? -->}$]=3.80${}_{\text{â<!-- ?? -->}\text{ˆ<!-- ?? -->}\text{’<!-- ??? -->}0.64}^{+0.59}$×10${}^{\text{â<!-- ?? -->}\text{ˆ<!-- ?? -->}\text{’<!-- ??? -->}6}$, B[χ${}_{c1}$(1P)→J/ψμ${}^{+}$μ${}^{\text{â<!-- ?? -->}}\text{ˆ<!-- ?? -->}\text{’<!-- ??? -->}$]=2.04${}_{\text{â<!-- ?? -->}\text{ˆ<!-- ?? -->}\text{’<!-- ??? -->}0.38}^{+0.36}$×10${}^{\text{â<!-- ?? -->}\text{ˆ<!-- ?? -->}\text{’<!-- ??? -->}4}$, and B[χ${}_{c2}$(1P)→J/ψμ${}^{+}$μ${}^{\text{â<!-- ?? -->}}\text{ˆ<!-- ?? -->}\text{’<!-- ??? -->}$]=1.66${}_{\text{â<!-- ?? -->}\text{ˆ<!-- ?? -->}\text{’<!-- ??? -->}0.19}^{+0.19}$×10${}^{\text{â<!-- ?? -->}\text{ˆ<!-- ?? -->}\text{’<!-- ??? -->}4}$.

[en] In this paper, we use the instantaneous Bethe–Salpeter method to calculate the semi-leptonic and non-leptonic production of the orbitally excited scalar D${}^{\text{â<!-- ?? -->}}\text{ˆ<!-- ?? -->}{\text{—<!-- ??? -->}}_0$ in B meson decays. When the final state is 1P state D${}^{\text{â<!-- ?? -->}}\text{ˆ<!-- ?? -->}{\text{—<!-- ??? -->}}_0$(2400), our theoretical decay rate is consistent with experimental data. For D${}^{\text{â<!-- ?? -->}}\text{ˆ<!-- ?? -->}{\text{—<!-- ??? -->}}_J$(3000) final state, which was observed by LHCb collaboration recently and here treated as the orbitally excited scalar D${}^{\text{â<!-- ?? -->}}\text{ˆ<!-- ?? -->}{\text{—<!-- ??? -->}}_0$(2P), its rate is in the order of 10${}^{-<!--\; ???\; -->4}$∼10${}^{-<!--\; ???\; -->6}$. We find the special node structure of D${}^{\text{â<!-- ?? -->}}\text{ˆ<!-- ?? -->}{\text{—<!-- ??? -->}}_0$(2P) wave function possibly results in the suppression of its branching ratio and the abnormal uncertainty. The 3P states production rate is in the order of 10${}^{-<!--\; ???\; -->5}$.