[en] In this paper, the gasification conditions, the gasifier structure, the measuring system and the gasification rationale of a pilot project experiment of underground coal gasification (UCG) in the Liuzhuang Colliery, Tangshan, are illustrated. The technique of two-phase underground coal gasification is proposed. The detection of the moving speed and the length of the gasification working face is made using radon probing technology. An analysis of the experiment results indicates that the output of air gas is 3000 m³/h with a heating value of about 4.18 MJ/m³, while the output of water gas is 2000 m³/h with a heating value of over 11.00 MJ/m³, of which H₂ content is above 40% with a maximum of 71.68%. The cyclical time of two-phase underground gasification is 16 h, with 8 h for each phase. This prolongs the time when the high-heating value gas is produced. The moving speed of the gasification working face in two alternative gasifiers is identified, i.e. 0.204 and 0.487 m/d, respectively. The success of the pilot project experiment of the underground gasification reveals the strides that have been made toward the commercialization of the UCG in China. It also further justifies the reasonability and feasibility of the new technology of long channel, big section, two-phase underground gasification. A conclusion is also drawn that the technology of the pilot project experiment can be popularized in old and discarded coal mines

[en] Bimolane (AT₁₇₂₇), a new antitumour drug, was synthesized in China. Of late years, attention has been paid to the radiosensitizing activity of AT₁₇₂₇. In present study, this effect has been studied with hypoxic human lung adeno-carcinoma SPC-A-1 using colony formation assay in vitro. The results obtained showed that the SER(Sensitivity Enhancement Ratio) was 1.33 when the concentration of AT₁₇₂₇ was 0.15 m mol/L. Basing on the analysis of some results including those of solid tumour of mice, it is reasonable that AT₁₇₂₇ has radiosensitizing effect on hypoxic tumour cells

[en] According to the production rules base stored in the nuclear power system fault diagnosis expert system, a neural network (NN) module of expert system was built. The NN inference mechanism including the ability of parallel inference and the knowledge acquisition mechanism was set up. On the basic of the built NN, an inference explaining mechanism was built to it. This system syncretizes advantages of both traditional expert system and NN that it can do case inference and diagnosis, and explain efficiently and accurately as well as effectively acquire knowledge from real cases. (authors)

[en] A fault diagnostic Bayesian network of reactor make-up system was constituted. The system's structure characters, operation rules and experts' experience were combined and an initial net was built. As the fault date sets were learned with the particle swarm optimization based Bayesian network structure, the structure of diagnostic net was completed and used to inference case. The built net can analyze diagnostic probability of every node in the net and afford assistant decision to fault diagnosis. (authors)

[en] The layered double hydroxides (LDHs) with a hydrotalcite-like structure are believed to possess great potentials as environmental remediation materials including removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions by adsorption. A new LDH was synthesized with Mg²⁺ as the structure-stabilizing ion (FeMnMg-LDH) based on a co-precipitation method, which showed promised adsorption capacity for Pb. Its adsorption characteristics for Cd²⁺, an environmental active element relative to Pb, were examined in this paper. The results showed that adsorption equilibria were well described by Langmuir isotherm and the adsorption kinetics well followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The maximum Cd²⁺ adsorption capacity of FeMnMg-LDH was about 59.99 mg/g at 25 °C, which is significantly higher than that of other similar kinds of absorbents. The high Cd²⁺ removal efficiency could maintain at a wide pH range due to its buffering capacity. The coexisting cations competed with Cd²⁺ adsorption on the FeMnMg-LDH with a sequence of Cu²⁺ > Pb²⁺ > Mg²⁺ > Ca²⁺ when coexisting ions were added in the adsorption system separately. The positive value of ΔH° (14.016 kJ/mol) suggested that the adsorption process is endothermic while the positive ΔS° value (0.08 kJ/mol K) revealed that the randomness increased at the solid-solution interface during the adsorption process. FeMnMg-LDH removes Cd²⁺ from aqueous solution mainly by surface adsorption, surface-induced precipitation, and ion exchange. The FeMnMg-LDH has been further proved to be a good absorbent for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solution.

[en] The Bayesian fault diagnosis networks of heat removal pump were built based on its fault tree. As the basic conversion method of FT/BN was shown, the expression of multi-formed logic and condition probability table of non-determinism was analyzed. The root nodes' probability was gain by the subsection voting with specialists. The node significance, sensitivity analysis and bidirectional diagnoses provide decision for equipment in designing, using and maintaining. (authors)

[en] To evaluate the value of lithium carbonate in the treatment of Graves disease (GD) with ¹³¹I, fifty eight GD patients received lithium carbonate for 15 days,the thyroid ¹³¹I uptake rates at 2, 4, 24h were measured before and after 7 days of taking lithium carbonate, and then the GD patients were treated with ¹³¹I. The patients were then follow-up visited for 2 years. The results showed that the ¹³¹I uptake rates of thyroid in GD patients at 2, 4 and 24h after taking lithium carbonate were significantly increased compared with that of before the lithium carbonate, it was increased 13.1%, 21.7% and 26% respectively. ¹³¹I uptake rates of thyroid were significantly different before and after the treatment of lithium carbonate (P<0.01). After 2 years of ¹³¹I treatment, fifty patients were curing,and the cure rate was 86.2%. The results indicate that lithium carbonate can increase thyroid ¹³¹I uptake rate in GD patients, prolong its effective half life, decrease the ¹³¹I treatment dose and extend therapeutic extent for GD patients. (authors)

[en] Objective: To explore the mechanism of injury in rat retina after the low dose laser exposure. Methods: Forty healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the control group and 6 h, 12 h, 1 d, 3 d, 7 d, 14 d and 28 d seven time phase groups after the laser exposure. Their morphological and functional changes were observed with funduscope, histopathology, TdT-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL), immunohistochemistry, image analysis and electroretinograms. Results: There were diffuse histopathological changes in the whole retina and the changes in visual sensitive region below the optic disc were more obvious. Degenerative changes in different degrees occurred in the photoreceptor cells. TUNEL positive cells could be seen in all layers of retina after exposure, but mainly in the inner nuclear layer. The positive cells began to decrease on the 14th day. The reduction of b-wave amplitude of ERG indicated the decline of visual function. Conclusions: He-Ne laser (mean power density: 30 mW/cm², time: 15 min) can cause changes in the function and morphology of rat retina. The high expression of NMDAR may be one of the causes in retinal laser injury. (authors)

[en] In recent years, heavy metal contamination in the environment has been attracted worldwide attention due to their toxicity, persistence,extensive sources and non-biodegradable properties. We herein investigate variation trend and risk of heavy metal and radiation distribution in the former mine stope, former mineral ore stockyard, and mine road with surface soils of a retired uranium mine in the mid-south of China. The mean concentrations (mg/kg) of Pb,Cd,Cu,Zn,As,Hg,Cr,Mn,Ni,U, and ²³²Th were analyzed according to the corresponding background values in Hunan, China. The Geo-accumulation index (I_geo) were used for the assessment of pollution level of heavy metals and the radioactive elements of U and ²³²Th. Then, Pollution load index (PLI) and GIS techniquewere integrated to assess spatial distribution of heavy metal contamination and radioactive contamination. Results confirmed that three areas in the retired uranium mine was a primary source of pollution, which showed anthropogenic origin mainly from agricultural runoff, hydrometallurgy from chemical industries, radioactive tailings, and electroplating industriesfinally drained into Zishui River and Xiangjiang River. Based on the actual situation, some suggestions were put forward for the treatment of the retired uranium mine in conclusion. (paper)

[en] The imaginary time step (ITS) method is applied to solve the Dirac equation with the nonlocal potential in coordinate space by the ITS evolution for the corresponding Schrödinger-like equation for the upper component. It is demonstrated that the ITS evolution can be equivalently performed for the Schrödinger-like equation with or without localization. The latter algorithm is recommended in the application for the reason of simplicity and efficiency. The feasibility and reliability of this algorithm are also illustrated by taking the nucleus ¹⁶O as an example, where the same results as the shooting method for the Dirac equation with localized effective potentials are obtained