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[en] A reference instrument has been developed at the National Research Council of Canada for rapid, reproducible specular gloss measurements. The design and validation of this instrument for specular gloss measurements in accordance with standard methods for paints and plastics at 20 deg., 60 deg., and 85 deg. geometries [American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) D523 and the International Organization for Standards (ISO) 2813] have been recently reported. These standard methods require a collimated beam geometry. Here we present the optical design considerations and characterization of this instrument to extend its gloss measurement capabilities to specular gloss measurements of paper samples at 75 deg. geometry in accordance with standard test methods requiring a converging beam geometry (ASTM D1223 and TAPPI T480). This is, to the best of our knowledge, the first reported reference instrument that provides direct traceability for both types of standard gloss method and applications. The design challenge was to convert from a collimated beam to converging beam geometry while meeting the rigorous requirements of beam uniformity at the sample and receptor apertures specified in the 75 deg. geometry test methods. We describe the innovative design to achieve this degree of functionality and reference instrument performance. The instrument's optical performance has been characterized theoretically and by comparison with measurement results. The light collection and detection systems have been analyzed via Monte Carlo simulation and ray tracing. The instrument validation includes comparison of the measurement results with theoretical gloss values for quartz, black glass, Vitrolite, and mirror gloss working standards, giving agreement of better than 0.32%. Measurement validation also involved participation in the Collaborative Testing Services program interlaboratory comparison measurements of 75 deg. gloss for white papers
Journal
[en] A reference goniospectrophotometer has been developed at the National Research Council of Canada (NRC) for providing high-accuracy traceable measurements of specular gloss at several standard geometries, including 75 deg. for paper samples, haze and absence-of-bloom gloss, and color appearance of gonioapparent materials. This is to the authors/ knowledge the first reported reference instrument that has this level of versatility for rapidly characterizing the total visual appearance properties of a wide variety of materials and applications. This instrument also replaces the NRC glossmeter that has been providing primary level specular gloss measurements in accordance with International Organization for Standardization and American Society for Testing and Materials standards for measurements of paint and ceramic materials at geometries of 20 deg. , 60 deg. , and 85 deg. . The new instrument has been fully characterized for sources of error and compared with the NRC glossmeter. Its measurement reproducibility of 0.02 gloss unit is a factor-of-5 improvement, and its overall estimated expanded (k=2) uncertainty is 0.3 gloss unit at all three standard geometries
Journal
[en] The calibration of the photopeak detection efficiency of a HPGe γ-spectrometer using a semiempirical relationship for environmental samples is presented. This method was checked on intercomparison results among China Institute of Atomic Energy, Suzhou Medical College and Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant for the environmental samples. The results of this analytical method essentially matches the reference values of the standard source and average values of environmental samples within 10% uncertainty
Journal
[en] As required by the national regulations on nuclear emergency management, approaches toward emergency planning and preparedness for Qinshan Nuclear Power Base (QNPB), a multi-reactor and multi-owner site, are presented in this paper. Discussions are made on the preparation of emergency plan, with emphasis on its principles, source terms, organizational structure and deployment of sources such as emergency communication and emergency facilities. This work is aimed to provide technical basis for development of QNPB's emergency plan and emergency preparedness. (author)
Journal
Radiation Protection Bulletin; ISSN 1004-6356; 
; v. 24(4); p. 16-20
; v. 24(4); p. 16-20
[en] The paper presents the environmental continuous γ-dose rate monitoring system around nuclear power plant (NPP), which includes detection system, date collector, central computer system and meteorological observing system. It also introduces some measures, such as thermostat, moisture-proof, lightning conductor and so on. After more than 3 years of operation, its performance proved to be stable and reliable. It will be the latest system for environmental continuous γ-dose rate monitoring system around the NPP in China
Journal
[en] Based on radioactive background survey around Qinshan NPP, the author estimates terrestrial γ radiation and external dose to the population around the NPP. Average specific activities of 226Ra, 232Th, 40K and 137Cs in soil are respectively 34.6, 46.2, 442 and 2.7 Bq/kg. Absorbed dose rate in air at one meter above ground surface from terrestrial γ radiation is contributed mainly from the natural radionuclides in soil, the average absorbed dose rate has been estimated to be 7.42 x 10-8 Gy/h. It is very close to the corresponding national average value 7.15 x 10-8 Gy/h. The annual effective dose equivalent to the population around the NPP from γ radiation is estimated to be 554 μSv and it is a little lower than the corresponding national value 589 μSv. The relative contributions to the external dose of 238U series, 232Th series and 40K are 24%, 48% and 30%, the corresponding relative contributions are respectively 21%, 48% and 31%
Journal
[en] A novel iridium complex [Ir(ppy)2(ectfdb)] was synthesized (ppy=2-phenylpyridine, ectfdb=dehydrogenation1-(9-ethyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)-4,4,4-trifluorobutane-1,3-dione). Its UV–Vis, photoluminescence, quantum yield, electrochemistry, thermostability and electroluminescent performances were investigated. The studying results show that Ir(ppy)2(ectfdb) exhibits interestingly low-efficient luminescence. Based on density functional theory (DFT) calculation and the auxiliary ligand’s molecular structure, we believe that the poor luminescence is caused by the auxiliary ligand.
Journal
[en] To achieve the goal of improving the production efficiency, realizing the centralized management, monitoring and automatic controlling of the operation, the exhaust system was retrofitted for unattended. The system can be remotely monitored and controlled in the central control room after retrofitting the system and installation of the DCS system. (author)
Journal
China Nuclear Power; ISSN 1674-1617; ; v. 7(suppl.1); p. 485-497
; v. 7(suppl.1); p. 485-497
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