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[en] The rhenium radiopharmaceuticals have developed rapidly within recent dozen-plus years. They can be classified as tumor-seeking, bone-seeking and colloid radiopharmaceuticals. Among them, there are more research on tumor-seeking radiopharmaceuticals, and their medical application, chemical theories, labelling techniques have been under comparatively thorough study. The rhenium bone-seeking radiopharmaceuticals come the second. They have also much to do with the cancer, with the ability of palliating the pain caused by bone cancer sites. With regard to the colloid radiopharmaceuticals their application is not widespread. On the basis of the current state of the radiopharmaceuticals, this review is attempted to forecast the direction of the development of rhenium radiopharmaceuticals in the future

[en] Eight lanthanide(III) oleates have been prepared and characterized. The chelation and self-assembly structures of these rare-earth oleates have been studied by elemental analysis, Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis. Elemental analysis and FTIR results indicate that three oleate anions are complexed with one lanthanide cation and, with the exception of anhydrous cerium(III) oleate, form either a mono- or a hemihydrate. The X-ray analysis showed that the neat lanthanide soaps have a lamellar bilayer structure at room temperature. The thermal behavior has been investigated by cross-polarized optical microscopy (POM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). POM scans showed that all the lanthanide oleates form a lamellar phase in the presence of excess water. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and XRD were used to investigate the internal structure of the bulk lanthanide oleates in excess water, and these X-ray results confirmed that the lanthanide oleates do not swell in water. Select lanthanide oleates were dispersed in water to form nonswelling lamellar submicrometer particles, confirmed by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and synchrotron SAXS measurements. NMR results indicated that colloidal dispersions of lanthanide oleates containing paramagnetic ions, such as gadolinium(III), terbium(III), and dysprosium(III), have a significant effect on the longitudinal (T₁) and transverse (T₂) relaxation times of protons in water. Time-resolved fluorescence measurements have demonstrated that colloidal dispersions of europium(III) oleate exhibit strong luminescence. The rare earth metal soaps exemplify the potential of self-assembled chelating amphiphiles as contrast agents in medical imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and fluorescence imaging.

[en] Objective: Objective To study the toxicities and efficacy of induction chemotherapy plus late-course hyperfractionation accelerated radiotherapy (LCHART) in unresectable locally advanced non-small cell lung (NSCLC) cancer. Methods: From 1998 to 2000 years, 58 unresectable stage IIIA(N2)-IIIB NSCLC patients eligible for this study, received 2-4 cycles of cisplatin-based chemotherapy followed by first conventional fractionation radiotherapy (2 Gy/f, 1 f/d, totally 40 Gy) with AP-PA large fields encompassing the primary tumor, positive lymph nodes and elective lymph node region, then by LCHART(1.5 Gy/f, 2f/d, totally 27 Gy) with cone-down fields covering the primary tumor. Results: Totally 53 patients were eligible for analysis. The response rate was 58.5% when evaluated by enhancement CT scans 1 month after completion of radiotherapy. The 1-, 2-, 3- and 4- year overall survivals were 59.3%,22.8%,13.7%,11.4%, respectively. The 1-, 2-, 3- and 4-year locally disease-free survivals were 43.6%,22.9%,12.9%, 8.6%, respectively. Twelve patients developed grade III and 3 grade IV granulocytopenia, 14 grade II and 2 grade III radiation esophagitis, 9 grade II and 1 grade III radiation pneumonitis. 59.5% of patients developed distant metastasis in those had shown no response to induction chemotherapy, whereas only 18.8% did in those had shown positive response to induction chemotherapy (P=0.006). Conclusions: The toxicity of induction chemotherapy plus late-course hyperfractionation accelerated radiotherapy in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer is tolerable. The mean survival time is longer in induction chemotherapy plus late course hyperfractionation accelerated radiotherapy than it is in induction chemotherapy plus conventional radiotherapy. Progression of intra-thoracic primary tumor is the main lethal cause.(authors)

[en] A series of amorphous and single-crystalline LaAlO₃ (LAO) thin films are fabricated by laser molecular-beam epitaxy technique on Si substrates under various conditions of deposition. The structure stability of the LAO films annealed in high temperature and various ambients is studied by x-ray diffraction as well as high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The results show that the epitaxial LAO films have very good stability, and the structures of amorphous LAO thin films depend strongly on the conditions of deposition and post-annealing. The results reveal that the formation of LAO composition during the deposition is very important for the structure stability of LAO thin films. (authors)

[en] Ultrafast photovoltaic effects with high sensitivity in both vertical and lateral directions have been observed in the TiN/Si Schottky junction. The open-circuit vertical photovoltage across the junction is 400 mV under irradiation of an HeNe laser with a power of 7 mW. The response speed is in the picosecond order. Furthermore, we found a large lateral photovoltage (LPV) parallel to the plane of the junction. The LPV between the two electrodes on the Si substrate of the junction depends linearly on the position of the incident laser spot. And the highest position sensitivity is 60 mV mm^-1 over the displacement of the laser spot. These characteristics indicate the potential applications of the TiN/Si junction in photodetectors and position sensitive detectors

[en] Epitaxial growth of Ba_0.6Sr_0.4Ti_1-xZr_xO₃ (0≤x≤0.3) composition spread thin film library on SrRuO₃/SrTiO₃ layer by combinatorial pulsed laser deposition (PLD) is reported. X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy studies showed an accurate control of the film phase and composition by combinatorial PLD. A complex evolution of the microstructure and morphology with composition of the library is described, resulting from the interplay between epitaxial stress, increased chemical pressure, and reduced elastic energy upon Zr doping. Statistical and temperature-related capacitive measurements across the library showed unexpected variations in the dielectric properties. Doping windows with enhanced permittivity and tunability are identified, and correlated to microstructural properties.

[en] We demonstrate that tungsten tetraboride (WB_4), a heavy transition metallic compound without magnetic atoms, is an exchange-enhanced paramagnet revealed by the magnetization and specific heat measurements. WB_4 has a small effective magnetic moment of 0.53 μ _B/fu. The high magnetic susceptibility in the magnitude of 1 memu (mol·Oe)"−"1 below 10 K obeys quadratic temperature dependence. The upturn behavior of C _P/T versus T "2 at low temperatures is attributed to the electron-paramagnon interactions. A high Stoner enhancement parameter, Z  =  0.93, was derived to explain the enhanced paramagnetism based on the Stoner model. (paper)

[en] MXene-TiO₂ mesoporous membranes on α-Al₂O₃ hollow fiber supports are prepared and regulated by adjusting the two-dimensional (2D) MXene content. The prepared MXene-TiO₂ membranes are characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction. The results show that TiO₂ nanoparticles (NPs) are uniformed deposited on 2D platforms and that the 2D structure of the original MXenes is still preserved in the film after calcination, thereby successfully inhibiting sol infiltration into the porous support. The obtained MXene-TiO₂ layer with a controllable thickness exhibits ‘ideal’ pathways (longitudinal-lateral transport nanochannel) for dextran molecules between the TiO₂ NPs and MXene nanosheets. Furthermore, the MXene-TiO₂ membranes show higher rejection performance of dextran with increasing 2D MXene content. The optimal mesoporous MXene-TiO₂ hollow fiber membranes exhibit a cut-off molecular weight (MWCO) of 14 854 Da and a high pure water flux of 102 l m⁻² h⁻¹ per bar, thereby showing good potential as high-performance interlayers for ceramic nanofiltration membranes. (paper)

[en] We demonstrate the photoconductivity and related relaxation characteristics at the metallic interfaces between SrTiO₃ (STO) substrates and LaAlO₃ (LAO) films deposited at oxygen pressures ranged from 2 × 10⁻³ to 2 × 10⁻⁶ Torr. The photoconductivity results show that all the LAO/STO interfaces exhibit both persistent and transient photoconductivity, which decrease rapidly with increasing oxygen vacancies in the heterostructures. Using double exponential model, the photoinduced relaxation processes are also analyzed. The interface with less oxygen vacancies shows slower resistance recovery process. Our results provide deeper insight into the optoelectric response of two-dimensional electron gas at complex oxides interface. (paper)