[en] This German publication outlines that solar energy is now essential to any sustainable energy mix, and describes the operation principle of solar photovoltaic energy production. It describes how it can be applied for the production of electricity in isolated areas, and for individual housing as well as commercial buildings, and presents the concept of ground-based solar plants. The next part discusses the development of the photovoltaic market (its huge potential, its world size) and indicates the different associated arrangements of financial support or subsidy. It also discusses how photovoltaic markets can be developed, and proposes an overview of the German model

[en] After having evoked the different French national, regional and local planning tools and regulations which ease the evolution towards a less centralised, less carbonised and more sustainable system, and outlined expected gains for companies in terms of image and of societal responsibility, of cost optimisation, and of compliance to regulation, this publication discusses the possible business models for the coupling of photovoltaic energy and electric mobility, notably to fund installation, to choose between self-consumption and sale for photovoltaic energy, to take advantage of administrative supports and subsidies, and to reach profitability within various time horizons. It also discusses works to be foreseen regarding installation dimensioning, regulatory obligations and administrative actions, and commissioning organisation and maintenance anticipation

[en] Enerplan, a professional association of the solar energy sector, makes propositions to give back to this sector its role in economic growth. These twelve propositions are made according to three major orientations: to endow the photovoltaic sector with steady legal and tariff frameworks (a general policy combining ambition, regulatory stability and regulation, a policy supporting the French industry's offer, to stabilize purchase tariffs and change the tender system, to simplify and clarify regulations), to reintegrate solar thermal energy into priorities of renewable energies (to boost the demand through a large and continuous communication, a strengthened cooperation between industry and research, to valorise produced solar energy instead of subsidizing equipment), to rely on territories to develop solar energy in France (to face the challenge of energetic decentralization, to valorise returns on the most ambitious local experience, to regionalize the support to the development of solar energy), and to encourage individuals to stimulate local and national solar economy (to make the photovoltaic eligible to the eco-PTZ, to promote solar equipment for individuals)

[en] This publication first describes and discusses how the solar sector has a job and competitiveness creation potential in France. It notably outlines that this sector could be able to mobilise more than 100,000 jobs by 2020. This encompasses the solar thermal energy sector and the solar electric power sector. It highlights that competitiveness thresholds like heat parity and network parity will be overcome before 2017 (solar power production costs are notably discussed for photovoltaic power produced on buildings and by large plants). A second part states proposals made by ENERPLAN to revive the solar sector, with notably three emergency measures related to purchase prices and to the development of a positive communication. Six measures are also proposed for the five-year term: implementation of a steady pricing framework for solar power with quickly defined power ambition, to revive the solar thermal energy sector through the building and industry sectors, the implementation of a French solar Small Business Act, to make the solar sector an actor of energy decentralisation, and to participate to the Environment conference follow-up and to the debate on energy transition

[en] This present study of energy efficiency calculations for solar domestic water heaters (SDWH) representative of the french market, within the regulatory framework of the European Directive (812/2013 and 814/2013). Its goal is to display values of efficiency to allow the definition of performance thresholds for future public financial support of these product promotions. The results show that, to reach the performance at least equal to those required to date, and even to get higher performance: - solar water heaters with electric space heaters must be correctly sized, must have storage tanks classified at least in C (European label) and the part of the volume heated by electric auxiliary heater must not exceed 50%. - solar water heaters associated with external boilers must be correctly sized, and must either have storage tanks classified at least in C (European label), or place the boilers after a preheat solar system (storage tank without auxiliary heat part). In addition, a brochure presents the solar energy for heat production at home: individual solar water heaters (principle, available technologies, installation); combined solar systems (principle, available technologies, installation); implementation (mandatory procedures, choice of the equipment, budget, qualified fitters, maintenance)

[en] A set of articles reviews and illustrates by examples opportunities to be developed for several renewable energies. It notably addresses the biomass micro-cogeneration (status of small biomass cogeneration in France, comparison of decentralised cogeneration in Germany and in France, perspective for wood cogeneration boiler in a low carbon district), thermal solar energy (required developments and evolution to find growth again), small wind energy (a lack of recognition in France), and shallow geothermal energy (very low temperature geothermal is to be developed, application of the Canadian well in positive energy buildings, new generations of Canadian wells, solutions of vertical geothermal energy for households, use of geothermal energy in the Cite du Design in Saint-Etienne)

[en] Contributions to this day on the use of thermal solar installations (on building or for injection into a heat network) are proposed under the form of Power Point presentations. More precisely, after a general introduction with an overview of recent events in the energy sector, the authors address the renewal of the thermal solar sector (financial aspects, the SOCOL approach, performance markets), the development of solar energy in territories (study in Hauts-de-France, of support arrangements, large projects), the implementation of a regional support, an installation in an establishment for elderly and dependent people, a return on experience from a heat network with storage, the role of thermal solar in heat networks, the implementation of a new project (a heat network in Chateaubriant), and the innovative use of solar energy to produce cold

[en] During this forum dedicated to photovoltaic (PV) self-consumption in Brittany region (Western France), the following topics were debated: - the direct generation of green electricity to cover ones' own needs and to share surplus with neighbours in economically interesting conditions; - the economical and legal frameworks of self-consumption in the residential, tertiary and industrial sectors and their evolution; - from individual to collective self-consumption: experience feedbacks and evaluation tools in France and in Europe. This document brings together the presentations (slides) given at this forum. A project structuring guide for photovoltaic (PV) self-consumption projects was elaborated after the forum and is presented in introduction

[en] Power Point presentations address the following topics: Thermodynamic solar realisations in France and the convergence of solar and biomass (competitiveness of thermal solar energy); Perspectives for photovoltaic solar energy (development logics for a subsidised market, identification of risks and limitations); The European and national support to photovoltaic to supply the planet with solar electricity (PV potential and competitiveness, benefits for the society); the solar prospective (resources, present situation, prospective by 2050 according to the IAE, thermal solar, photovoltaic solar, concentrated solar power); The DESERTEC concept for energy, water and climate security or 10.000 solar GW clean power from deserts in the world; The Mediterranean solar Plan (objectives of the action plan and of the road-map for 2011-2020; Status of technologies and innovations in photovoltaic conversion of solar energy (the solar resource, the different photovoltaic technologies and sectors, perspectives); An analysis of PV resource in residential areas by means of aerial photo images; Soil use by agriculture and consequences for climate (recalls on physics of relationship between plants and climate, evidence of the direct impact of agriculture on climate with the decision to move some crops southwards in Florida, example of modelling of the impact of crops on climate through a comparison between meadows and crops, experiment of the impact of a change in soil use, proof of the indirect impact of agriculture on climate); Constraints, resources and innovations in plant productions; Abatement costs, regulation and prospective aspects for CO₂ emissions by the agriculture sector; Impact of growing methods on climate (contributions of different gases to the greenhouse effect, share of agriculture in greenhouse gas emissions; reduction of CH₄, NO₂ and CO₂ emissions, carbon storage); Greenhouse gas emissions in farming practices; The effects of climate change on agriculture (evolution of possibilities of crop location, influence of climate change on crop efficiency)

[en] After an introducing contribution which discussed the difficult evolution of the solar thermal energy sector in 2015, contributions addressed development plans for SOCOL (a plan for collective solar thermal and solar heat) which aims at reviving the market and at opening new markets. A next set of contributions discussed how solar thermal energy can be at the service of energy transition. Following sessions addressed issues like innovation at the service of solar thermal energy, energetic display of solar systems and application of the Ecodesign and Labelling directives, and the reduction of carbon footprint and the energy dependence of territories