[en] Graphical abstract: The specific capacitance of CoNiAl layered double hydroxide in 6 M KOH reduces sharply from room temperature to −20 °C, which is effectively enhanced by adding redox pair Fe(CN)₆³⁻/Fe(CN)₆⁴⁻ in the electrolyte. - Highlights: • CoNiAl layered double hydroxide is synthesized by homogeneous precipitation. • The specific capacitance reduces sharply with the decrease of temperature. • At −20 °C the specific capacitance is increased by 178% in a redox electrolyte. - Abstract: CoNiAl three-component layered double hydroxide with a lamellar structure similar to hydrotalcite-like compounds is synthesized via homogeneous precipitation and the effect of temperature on its capacitive performances in 6 M KOH is investigated. Electrochemical tests show its specific capacitance reduces sharply with the decrease of temperature from 18 to −20 °C. At −20 °C an increase of specific capacitance by 178% is achieved by adding redox pair Fe(CN)₆³⁻/Fe(CN)₆⁴⁻ as the electron shuttle in the electrolyte due to their cooperation with the electrode reaction during the charge/discharge processes

[en] We show that N-1 degenerate dark states can be generated by coupling N-fold degenerate ground states and a common excited state with N laser fields. Interferences between light waves with different frequencies can produce laser fields with time-dependent amplitudes, which can induce not only U(N) non-Abelian vector fields but also the scalar ones for the adiabatic motion of atoms in such laser fields. As an example, a time-periodic gauge potential is produced by applying specific laser fields to a tripod system. Some features of the Landau levels and the ground-state phase diagram of a rotating Bose-Einstein condensate for a concrete gauge field are also discussed

[en] We study the conversion of ⁴⁰K and ⁸⁷Rb atoms into stable molecules through the stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) in photoassociation assisted with Feshbach resonance. Starting with the mean-field Lagrange density, we show that the atom-to-molecule conversion efficiency by STIRAP aided by Feshbach resonance is much larger than that by bare Feshbach resonance. We also study the influence of the population imbalance on the atom-to-molecule conversion

[en] We give a brief description of theoretical studies on multi-component systems and detailed discussions on systems with atom-to-molecule conversion. The conversion of two species of atoms into stable molecules through the Feshbach resonance assisted by stimulated Raman adiabatic passage in photoassociation is studied with the help of mean-field Langrange density. The conversion efficiency is large for the fully bosonic system as well as the boson-fermion mixture as long as the general two-photon resonance condition is satisfied.

[en] Coherence dynamics of two-species Bose-Einstein condensates in double wells is investigated in the mean-field approximation. We show that the system can exhibit decoherence phenomena even without the condensate-environment coupling and the variation tendency of the degree of coherence depends not only on the parameters of the system but also the initial states. We also investigate the time evolution of the degree of coherence for a Rosen-Zener form of tunnelling strength, and propose a method to get a condensate system with a certain degree of coherence through a time-dependent tunnelling strength.

[en] A luminescent microRNA nanoprobe based on the target-triggered Ir(III)-solvent complex release has been fabricated. The complex is initially embedded into mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), and then is capped by single-stranded (ss) DNA. In the presence of the target microRNA, the ssDNA hybridize with the microRNA forming a rigid DNA/RNA heteroduplexes and leaving the surface of MSN. Thus, the capped Ir(III) solvent complex is released and re-coordinated with histidine (His) to form a new luminescent complex. The luminescence intensity of the nascent complex (with excitation/emission maxima at 340/570 nm) is positively correlated with the concentrations of the target microRNA in the range from 0.05 to 2 nM, and the detection limit of microRNA is estimated as 0.2 pM (S/N = 3). The ability of this nanoprobe to detect microRNA in cell extract further demonstrates its potential in practical application.

[en] Highlights: • 3D Model was used to predict the laser ablation of AA 6061 before and after SiO₂ film. • Laser was utilized to redistribute to smooth the material pits and improve its performance. • The protective way of SiO₂ film reflected in the ablation depths and irradiation times. -- Abstract: In this work, the process of laser ablation of aluminum alloy 6061 (AA 6061) before and after silicon dioxide (SiO₂) coating was studied both experimentally and by numerical simulation. Four different laser fluences (0.5 J/cm², 1 J/cm², 1.5 J/cm² and 2 J/cm²) were applied to investigate laser ablation of AA 6061 before and after coated by SiO₂ film. It was founded that the thermal diffusion and ablation depth of AA 6061 had been directly influenced by both laser fluence and SiO₂ coating. At relatively low laser fluence (0.5 J/cm²), ablation deformation and damage of AA 6061 were not observed. While the laser fluence reached to 1 J/cm², vaporization took place in AA 6061. With increased laser fluence, the ablation range and depth expanded. The vaporization of SiO₂ films happened in the first laser fluence, however, the area of the zone affected were much less than AA 6061, that demonstrates the SiO₂ film has a positive effect on AA 6061. A 3-dimensional computational model was used to compute the temperature variation in a solid material over time. The results of the model (depth to width ratio versus laser ablation) exhibited well with the experimental results in some ways.

[en] HIGHLIGHTS• Reflectivity of aluminum alloy is improved after being coated by gold film. • The optimal parameters combination of gold film are 45°C, 0.35 A, 140 s. • Adhesive force of gold film would be changed after holding at 60, −20°C. Aluminum alloys are widely applied in optical turrets after coating and super-finishing. Gold films prepared on aluminum alloy substrates via electron beam (e-beam) evaporation are considered to be effective way to realize close to total reflection of incident light. Here, we investigated the optimization of the reflectivity parameters of e-beam evaporated gold films; then, the influence of different deposition parameters on the surface quality, adhesive force and reflectivity (incident light in the 650–1700 nm range) of the film at −20, 25 and 60°C were systematically studied. The results demonstrated that the reflectivity and adhesion of the gold films both increased after high temperature holding and decreased slightly after low temperature holding. However, the surface morphology of the gold film did not change substantially. After holding at 60 and −20°C, the adhesive force decreased, which indicated that the adhesion strength between the reflective membrane and the substrate decreased.

[en] The quantum phase transition in an atom–molecule conversion system with atomic transition between two hyperfine states is studied. In the mean-field approximation, we give the phase diagram in which the phase boundary only depends on the atomic transition strength and the atom–molecule energy detuning, but not on the atomic interactions. Such a phase boundary is further confirmed by calculating the fidelity of the ground state and the energy gap between the first excited state and the ground state. As a comparison to the mean-field results, we also study the quantum phase transition with the full quantum method where the phase boundary depends on the particle number. Analysing the finite-size scaling behaviours of the energy gap, the fidelity susceptibility and the first-order derivative of entanglement entropy with respect to the atomic transition strength, we obtain their critical exponents by numerical calculation and show that in the thermodynamic limit, one can obtain the same phase boundary as in the mean-field approximation. Our results show a new way to manipulate the quantum phase transition by regulating the atomic transition strength with the intensity of the laser. (paper)

[en] In order to improve the lubrication of movement mechanism in final optics assembly, the plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII) technology is used to modify mechanical properties of work pieces with complex shape. The combination of suitable parameters can largely increase the hardness and wear resistance of material surfaces. The verification test was made by modifying the mechanical properties of the bearing inner race and bearing outer ring. Furthermore, the dimensional accuracy and the surface roughness of sample work pieces modified by PIII technology can maintain consistence with those of untreated pieces. The work sufficiently certificates that the PIII technology can amend the mechanical properties of work pieces and elongate the life length of movement mechanism kinematic accuracy. (authors)