[en] Personnel exposure to radiation was investigated during radiological procedures where x-ray shielding is particularly difficult. Ten percutaneous transhepatic cholangiographies, four percutaneous transhepatic portographies, and four coronary angiographies are included in the study. Exposure to radiation was measured at several anatomical sites for both the radiologist and the assisting nurse. Effective dose equivalents as proposed by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) were estimated from the registered absorbed doses

[en] Personnel exposure to radiation was investigated during radiological procedures where x-ray shielding is particularly difficult. Ten percutaneous transhepatic cholangiographies, four percutaneous transhepatic portographies, and four coronary angiographies are included in the study. Exposure to radiation was measured at several anatomical sites for both the radiologist and the assisting nurse. Effective dose equivalents as proposed by the International Commisson on Radiological Protection (ICRP) were estimated from the registered absorbed doses

[en] This paper reports on the hepatic effects of conventional and experimental MR imaging contrast agents that were compared by means of high-resolution in vivo video microscopy, which permits direct assessment of microvascular flow, sinusoidal cell morphology, endothelial activation, and Kupffer cell phagocytosis during and after administration of contrast agents. The left lateral liver lobe of Sprague-Dawley rats was exteriorized, transilluminated, and visualized with x10-x50 water-immersion objectives. Rats received either Gd-DTPA, paramagnetic iron oxide colloids AMI-25 or AG-USPIO or a perfluoro-carbon emulsion (FC-43) via the tail vein. Data were recorded onto video tape for 30 minutes prior to and for 1 hour after drug administration. Kupffer cell phagocytosis was measured with use of India ink. Kupffer cell phagocytosis was reduced in all rats receiving Gd-DTPA and FC-43. After administration of FC-43, microvascular flow abnormalities (intrahepatic shunting, Kupffer cell swelling, sinusoidal occlusion) were noted. Neutrophi endothelial adherence, indicating endothelial activation, was seen in three rates receiving AMI-25

[en] Published in summary form only

[en] Eighteen patients with obstructive jaundice were examined by pancreatic phlebography. In 15 cases the final diagnosis was carcinoma of the pancreas, in 3 cholangiocarcinoma. The normal phlebographic anatomy and the morphologic abnormalities in patients with carcinoma of the pancreas are described. The accuracy of pancreatic phlebography in the diagnosis of carcinoma of the pancreas and cholangiocarcinoma is evaluated. (Auth.)

[en] The complications of percutaneous transhepatic catheterization of the portal vein and its tributaries were assessed in 406 patients in whom 440 examinations had been performed and 8 unsuccessful attempts. Clinically relevant complications consisting of abdominal or external hemorrhage occurred in 24 cases with fatal outcome in 3. Complications involving the right pleural space occurred in 13 patients: collection of ascitic fluid in 6, bile effusion in 5 and bleeding in 2. Laparotomy was needed in 7 cases due to intraabdominal hemorrhage. The gallbladder was unintentionally punctured in 4 cases. Furthermore, a variety of minor complications of little clinical significance, such as extravasation of contrast medium, subintimal injection of contrast medium and minor intrahepatic hematomas, were observed. (Auth.)

[en] Following the introduction of endoscopy and newer imaging techniques, such as ultrasonography, computer tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, the indications for angiography have been reduced mainly to the diagnosis and treatment of unexplained gastrointestinal hemorrhage and ischemia. Radiologic signs of hemorrhage include extravasations of contrast medium, irregular vessels and aneurysms. Vascular stenoses and occlusions are the main radiologic signs of ischemia. (orig.)

[en] In 93 patients with cirrhosis of the liver and portal venous hypertension the main tributaries of the protal vein were examined by percutaneous transhepatic catheterization. The appearance and degree of porto-systemic collaterals were analysed. Esophageal varices were demonstrated in 82 patients. No correlation was found between the portal venous pressure and the extent of porto-systemic communications. (Auth.)

[en] Ten patient with portal hypertension and esophageal varices had percutaneous transheptic portography with selective catheterization of the short gastric or left gastric vein. The effect was studied on variceal blood flow after injection of various drugs. Vasopressin had no effect on variceal flow; pentagastrin gave a total occlusion of flow in five of nine patients; somatostatin interrupted the flow in one of four patients; domperidone obstructed flow completely in one patient, while another receiving the same dose was unaffected; methylcholine did not affect the flow in three patient examined. (orig.)

[en] The technique, indications, contraindications and complications of percutaneous transhepatic portography and selective catheterization of the major and minor veins draining the splanchnic organs based on the experience of 200 cases are described. The advantage of this method is discussed and compared with transjugular and transumbilical portography. (Auth.)