[en] Liquid hydrogen and deuterium have abundant electrical and optical properties at high pressure. A simple model to calculate the conductivity of low-Z materials was constructed. Combining the model with experiment, this paper introduces the study of the ionization and conductivity of liquid deuterium at around 70 GPa. The results show that, deuterium at this range of pressure has an ionization about 0.067%, conductivity about 2.87 × 10⁵(W·m)^-1, which means the shocked deuterium reaches a conducting state with characteristic of metallic fluid. Apparently, the transition from the insulating molecular state to metallic state of deuterium begins at a lower pressure. (authors)

[en] Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease with a high morbidity and disease burden. It is characterized by the loss of the myelin sheath, resulting in the disruption of neuron electrical signal transmissions and sensory and motor ability deficits. The diagnosis of MS is crucial to its management, but the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity are always a challenge. To overcome this challenge, nanomedicines have recently been employed to aid the diagnosis of MS with an improved diagnostic efficacy. Advances in nanomedicine-based contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging scanning of MS lesions, and nanomedicine-derived sensors for detecting biomarkers in the cerebrospinal fluid biopsy, or analyzing the composition of exhaled breath gas, have demonstrated the potential of using nanomedicines in the accurate diagnosis of MS. This review aims to provide an overview of recent advances in the application of nanomedicines for the diagnosis of MS and concludes with perspectives of using nanomedicines for the development of safe and effective MS diagnostic nanotools. (paper)

[en] A systematic investigation of the transport of "1"2"5I in compacted GMZ bentonite containing Fe-Oxides, Fe-minerals or Cu_2O additive was carried out by through diffusion method. The obtained results indicate that all of the additives have positive effects on retarding the "1"2"5I diffusion in compacted GMZ bentonite. Especially for the Cu_2O additive, the corresponding effective diffusion coefficient is greatly reduced. It is mainly attributed to the particular interactions between the metal ions introduced by additives and iodide ions. (author)