[en] Objective: To study the clinical features of skin metastatic carcinoma, and to provide the reference for its diagnosis and treatment. Methods: The clinical materials of one case of cutaneous metastases complicated with herpes zoster were analyzed and the related literatures were reviewed. The right chest wall in the patient appeared erythema and blisters with pain 4 months ago; in the local hospital the patient was diagnosed as herpes zoster and received relevant treatment; the pain was improved, but there were still erythema, papules and nodules in the local area. The skin lesions were erosive, expanded and deepened rapidly 20 days ago, and the pathological examination, lung CT, abdominal CT and other assistant examinations were performed in our hospital. Results: The lesion biopsy results showed invasive carcinoma with extensive infarction. The results of lung CT, abdominal CT and other assistant examinations showed the right breast occupying lesions complicated with cervical lymph nodes, liver, pleural and bone metastases. The skin lesions were improved after local treatment and 2 courses of chemotherapy (docetaxel combined with trastuzumab), but failed to heal completely. Conclusion: Skin metastatic carcinoma is rare, and its clinical manifestations are different. The clinicians should master the regularity of the disease, timely conduct the histopathological examination and the related examination in the other parts to reduce the incidence of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis. (authors)

[en] Highlights: • A new method was proposed to simulate thermal deformation of subassembly in SFR. • Assembly deformation analysis code FADAC was developed and applied in the present study. • Free bowing was analyzed under different temperature conditions and displacement field of the subassembly was obtained. • Restrained bowing was analyzed in detail and maximum deflection was calculated. - Abstract: Due to the special geometry and compact arrangement of subassemblies in the sodium-cooled fast reactor, thermal deformation of the assemblies are easily triggered by uneven temperature distribution in the reactor core, which is negative for reactor safety. Therefore, it is necessary for researchers and engineers to conduct quantitative analysis towards thermal deformation behaviors of subassemblies, and furthermore, give reliable evaluation results on aftermath of the assembly thermal deformation. In the present study, thermal deformation analysis code FADAC, which was developed based on Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, was applied to make numerical investigation for thermal deformation behaviors of a single subassembly in sodium-cooled fast reactor. In order to preliminarily assess the capacity for thermal deformation, different temperature gradient conditions were considered and analyzed in detail for free bowing of the subassembly, furthermore, with the aid of numerical analysis for thermal axial forces and thermal bending moments, axial displacements and deflections were calculated finally. Besides, in order to predict the comprehensive results of the assembly deformation under both thermal load and mechanical load, restrained bowing were also analyzed for different temperature conditions. All of the simulation results were in good accordance with the experimental data. The present numerical research is of great significance to assembly deformation research in the sodium-cooled fast reactor, and will surely lay a solid foundation for deformation analysis towards multi-subassemblies.

[en] A general method is reported to prepare single crystal Sm-Fe/Co nanoparticles (NPs) on a tens of grams scale without Ca-reduction process. The preparation starts with the fabrication of size-controllable SmH${}_2$ NPs via evaporation-condensation route, and then Co NPs produced from solvothermal approach are assembled with SmH${}_2$ to form SmH${}_2$/Co nanocomposites, which are directly annealed at 700 °C for 1.5 h, yielding 160 ± 15 nm SmCo${}_5$ single crystal NPs. Compared with conventional Ca-reduction process, the method allows more low annealing temperature, and avoids the employment of Ca and the corresponding water washing process, leading to the stable SmCo${}_5$ NPs without obvious oxidation. The SmCo${}_5$ NPs show a large coercivity of 35.4 kOe and high saturated magnetic moment of 86.2 emu g${}^{-<!--\; ???\; -->1}$. Furthermore, the method is extended to synthesize Sm${}_2$Fe${}_{17}$ NPs, which exhibits good electromagnetic wave absorption performance with a minimum reflection loss of -45.2 dB and the effective absorption bandwidth of 5.61 GHz (9.22-14.83 GHz) at 1.2 mm. More importantly, the method is very suitable to large-scale synthesis. One synthesis can generate ≈ 42.25 g of SmCo${}_5$ or 43.30 g of Sm${}_2$Fe${}_{17}$ NPs, which demonstrates a promising novel strategy to scale up preparation of RE-Co/Fe NPs for multifunction magnetic applications. (© 2023 Wiley‐VCH GmbH)

[en] Highlights: • Using α-Fe nanoflakes can optimize microstructure and performance of nanocomposites. • α-Fe nanoflakes are easier to realize nanocrystallization during HEBM process. • A giant M_r of 9.75 kG was achieved in the nanocomposite with 25 wt% α-Fe content. Keeping a high proportion of soft magnetic phase with small grain size and uniform distribution of soft and hard magnetic phase is the key factor to fabricate bulk nanocomposites. We report a novel design to fabricate high performance SmCo₅/α-Fe nanocomposites by choosing nanoscale α-Fe flakes as raw material of soft magnetic phase instead of micron scale α-Fe particles. Microstructure optimization, i.e., fine and dispersive distribution of α-Fe grains in SmCo₅ matrix, and high soft magnetic phase proportion up to 25 wt% were achieved simultaneously. As a consequence, the remanence, intrinsic coercivity, and maximum energy product rise by 13.55%, 46.99%, and 80.03% in the SmCo₅/α-Fe nanocomposites with 20 wt% α-Fe, respectively. Moreover, a giant remanence of 9.75 kG is achieved in the SmCo₅/α-Fe nanocomposite with 25 wt% α-Fe nanoflakes content.

[en] Highlights: • This study constructed a full CFD model for the traditional II PWR containment. • 3D flow field in the containment was analyzed under normal condition. • The condensate on the EVR system was monitored after 1.0gpm and 1.5gpm RCPB leak. • This new detection method would provide an alternative measure to detect the unidentified leak. - Abstract: The management of coolant leakage in a Nuclear Reactor Containment is important to ensure the integrity of the second barrier and the safe operation of a nuclear power plant. In the nuclear plant, several reliable leak detection systems continuously monitored coolant leak. In this paper, we introduced a new unidentified leak detection method based on monitoring the condensate in the ventilation coolers. After built a heat exchanger model of the cooler and introduced the fan model in the commercial CFD code, we validated models and got a reasonable simulation of the leak steam condensate on the cooler. Then we built the detail three-dimensional (3D) PWR containment geometry model (including internal structures and ventilation systems). Based on the detailed flow field in this containment and the moisture condensation theory, we could get the condensate character on the coolers of the EVR ventilation system after unidentified leak. Analyses were carried out to quantify the condensate after the 1.0gpm (gal/min) and 1.5gpm leak at hot leg and cold leg located at the reactor pit and steam generator room. The result indicated that the start condensation time of 1.0gpm leak was about 75min and 45min of 1.5gpm, and the leak location had slight influence on the start condensation time. This work would contribute to a reasonable design of a leakage detection method for the unidentified leak in the containment.

[en] Given tunable hybridization structures in solid solutions, fascinating electromagnetic (EM) properties can be achieved for regulating EM wave (EMW) absorption. Herein, a novel metal-organic cooperative interactions method is proposed to manipulate the vacancy, interstitial, substitutional, and heterointerface structures in molybdenum disulfide (MoS${}_2$) solid solution simultaneously, thence meeting the synergistic polarization loss on various point and face sites. Assisted by the coordination between Cu${}^{2+}$ and polydopamine (PDA), the effect of Cu modification on MoS${}_2$ is highly improved, which further lead to polarization loss on S vacancy, interstitial Cu, substitutional N, and heterointerface between carbon and MoS${}_2$. Contributing to the synergetic effect among multiple polarizations, the Cu/C@MoS${}_2$ solid solution exhibit ultrahigh EMW absorption performance, of which EMA with twice PDA delivers the effective absorption bandwidth of 7.12 GHz and minimum reflection loss of -48.22 dB (2.5 mm). The energy attenuation of Cu/C@MoS${}_2$ improved almost 266.7% and 222.2% than C@MoS${}_2$ and Cu@MoS${}_2$, respectively. Finally, this work reveals the structural dependency of solid solution materials of EMW absorption and establishes an entirely new polarization loss model. (© 2022 Wiley-VCH GmbH)

[en] Highlights: • Flow blockage accidents in rectangular fuel assembly were investigated thoroughly. • RELAP5 calculation was performed and showed good agreement with CFD study. • Effects of locations and types of obstruction in the channel were analyzed deeply. • DNBR curve in the obstructed channel was predicted successfully. - Abstract: Flow blockage accidents in rectangular fuel assembly were investigated by three-dimensional CFD method in detail. Totally six coolant channels of the fuel assembly were modeled. Meanwhile, in order to make understand of the thermal hydraulic characteristics of the flow blockage accidents comprehensively, three coolant channels which included the obstructed channel were investigated and analyzed thoroughly based on simulation results. RELAP5 calculation was performed here to compare with CFD simulation results under non-blocked condition, and the comparison results indicated approximate agreement of such two types of results. On the basis of the CFD simulation, velocity and temperature profiles were discussed for some typical blockage cases, and conclusion was drawn that the redistribution of the mass flow rates occurred after the formation of the blockage, and due to the formation of obstruction, temperature of the coolant and the fuel increased rapidly which caused higher peak temperature in the blockage channel. Simultaneously, the increasing flow resistance would lead to the existence of jet-flow and reverse flow in the obstructed channel. In addition, DNBR calculation indicated that heat flux on the cladding surface would not exceed critical heat flux, thus DNB would not occur under the investigated situation.

[en] Highlights: • The design of the Core Assembly Deformation Test Facility was described in detail. • The conditions of assembly bending and thermal bowing tests were introduced briefly. • The heating and measurement technologies and the layout of sensors were introduced. - Abstract: China Demonstration Fast Reactor (CFR600) is under construction, and the Sub-assembly Deformation Analysis Program (SDAP) developed by China Institute of Atomic Energy is used to optimize the core design and operation management of CFR600. The Core Assembly Deformation Test Facility (CADTF), designed and built by Xi’an Jiaotong University, was selected to carry out a series of assembly bending and thermal bowing tests to provide validation problems for the SDAP. The specimen assembly was specially designed for better non-intrusive optical temperature measurement of the inner wrapper tube. The automatic heating control method and a lot of new measurement technology were applied into the tests to gain abundant and accurate test data.

[en] We report a flame-reaction method to synthesize high-performance Sm${}_x$Co${}_y$ (x=1, y=5; x=2, y=17) particles on a multigram scale. This flame reaction allows the controlled decomposition of Sm(NO${}_3$)${}_3$ and Co(NO${}_3$)${}_2$ to 320 nm SmCo-O (SmCoO${}_3$ + Co${}_3$O${}_4$) particles. A 5.8 g sample of SmCo${}_{3.8}$-O particles was coated with CaO and then reduced at 900 °C by Ca to give 4.2 g of 260 nm SmCo${}_5$ particles. The SmCo${}_5$ particles are strongly ferromagnetic and the aligned particles in epoxy resin exhibit a large room-temperature coercivity (Hc) of 41.8 kOe and giant (BH)${}_{max}$ (maximum magnetic energy product) of 19.6 MGOe, the highest value ever reported for SmCo${}_5$ made by chemical methods. This synthesis can be extended to synthesize Sm${}_2$Co${}_{17}$ particles, providing a general approach to scaling up the synthesis of high-performance Sm${}_x$Co${}_y$ nanomagnets for permanent magnet applications. (© 2019 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

[en] Highlights: • Equilibrium equations and compatibility equations were conducted respectively to consider coupling effects of subassemblies in SFR. • Calculation for row bowing was performed with the aid of FADAC code in the present study. • Row bowing was analyzed in detail under different geometric parameters for wrapper tube, even core baffle was taken into consideration. • Reaction forces and deflection parameters were obtained by calculation, which are meaningful for safety evaluation and core structural design. Subassemblies in sodium-cooled fast reactor are different from pressurized water reactor in both geometry and assembly arrangement. In sodium-cooled fast reactor, assembly thermal deformation and narrow clearance between adjacent assemblies would cause them contact with each other, and reaction force between neighboring pads would occur. Under that circumstance, assembly deformation would be decided by both thermal load and mechanical load, which means significant coupling effect would lead to more complicated deformation behaviors. Therefore, so as to deeply study such thermal–mechanical coupling effect in reactor core, it is meaningful to conduct theoretical analysis and numerical simulation on such behaviors, which is indispensable for reactor safety analysis and structural design. In the present study, equilibrium equations and compatibility equations were conducted respectively for acquiring deformation parameters of assemblies in the row, which were already implemented into FADAC code and can perform calculation for row bowing. Furthermore, reaction forces and assembly deflections were analyzed in detail. Besides, sensitivity analysis were performed for row bowing calculation, in which wrapper tube thickness, distance across flat for wrapper tube, pad clearance and effects of core baffle were all taken into consideration. The present theoretical research for assembly deformation in SFR is essential for reactor safety and structural design, and will lay a solid foundation for assembly deformation analysis in the whole core.