[en] For selectively excited calcium K X-rays in rice saplings, the relations α=N_KR(1+Aγ+Bβ/(1+α)) and 1/N_Ca=a/β+b+cβ are found to support the enhancement of potassium K X-rays and N_Ca calcium K X-ray counts during potassium and calcium determinations, respectively. Here α, β and γ are weight fractions of potassium, calcium and the matrix substrate, respectively, N_KR is the relative potassium K X-ray counts of the sample to that of pure potassium and A, B, a, b and c are constants. Tests of these relations, using eight known mixtures of CaCO₃, KNO₃ and Na₂B₄O₇10H₂O (borax), have further supported the findings

[en] Average M shell fluorescence yield (ϖ_M) have been calculated from non-relativistic data of McGuire (Phys Rev A 1972;5:1043–47) in the region Z=60–90 and relativistic data of Chen, Crasemann and Mark (Phys Rev A 1980;21:449–53) and (Phys Rev A 1983;27:2989–94) in the region Z=70–90 on M sub-shell fluorescence yield (ω_Mi, i=1–5) and Coster-Kronig yield (f_Mij, i=1–4, j=2–5) procured from our earlier work (a computer software code MFCKYLD) using Scofield's data (Lawrence Livermore Laboratory Report UCRL 51326; 1973) on M sub-shell photo-ionization cross-sections. Subsequently, a computer software code AMSFYLD was developed to generate the yield values on computer terminal or in file for both non-relativistic and relativistic data just by entering the atomic number Z of the element through keyboard or file. The values were compared with available theoretical and experimental values in the literature. The agreement between the present data and the other supports the present values. - Highlights: • Generation of average M fluorescence yield values. • Interpolation of non-relativistic and relativistic data in 60–90 and 70–90 Z-ranges. • Agreement between generated and actual values supported the adopted procedure. • Code AMSFYLD gives both data values on terminal/file on entering Z with keyboard/file. • Work is extension of our earlier work on sub-shell fluorescence and CK yield data

[en] M subshell fluorescence yield (ω_Mi, i=1−5) and Coster-Kronig yield (f_Mij, i=1−4, j=2−5) values have been generated for elements with Z, 57≤Z≤90. Keeping in view the importance of ω_Mi and f_Mij for M X-ray productions in the region Z>56, the interpolation of non-relativistic data of McGuire [Phys. Rev. A 1972;5:1043–7] in the region Z=57–90 as well as relativistic data of Chen et al. [Phys. Rev. A 1980;21:449–53 and 1983;27:2989–94] in the region Z=67–90 was attempted. The agreement between the generated data and the actual ones supported the adopted procedure. Subsequently, a computer software code MFCKYLD was developed to generate the yield values on computer terminal or in file for both non-relativistic and relativistic data just by entering the atomic number Z of the element through keyboard or file. The precision of present procedure that relies on the deviation of fitted values from the actual ones was found far better than the earlier fitted data. -- Highlights: • Generation of M sub-shell fluorescence yield and Coster–Kronig yield values. • Interpolation of non-relativistic and relativistic data in 57–90 and 67–90 Z-ranges. • Agreement between generated and actual values supported the adopted procedure. • Code MFCKYLD gives both data values on terminal/file on entering Z with keyboard/file. • Precision, deviation of fitted from actual values, is far better than earlier work

[en] A method to evaluate empirical values of L3 magnetic sub-state photoionisation cross-sections has been reported. Preliminarily, the method requires scanning of the existing experimental data on L X-ray fluorescence (XRF) cross-sections for energy dependence of Lα/Ll cross-section ratio. After assuring the energy dependence of Lα/Ll cross-section ratio, the ratio is used for the determination of the alignment parameter A2. Thus, the determined A2 value, along with the available data on the sub-shell photoionisation cross-sections σ_Li and the Coster-Kronig transition probabilities f_ij, is used to evaluate magnetic sub-state photoionisation cross-sections σ_Li(m) for m=((3)/(2)) and ((1)/(2)). The method has been used to evaluate L3 magnetic sub-state photoionisation cross-sections for four elements with Z≥82, from the measured L XRF cross-sections. To the best of our knowledge, until this date neither theoretical nor semi-empirical data on magnetic sub-state photoionisation cross-sections for these elements has been available, for comparison with such cross-section values and to establish the superiority of one data set over the others. (author)

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[en] One angle measurement of coincidence counts C1 and C2 of two transitions feeding a common level with the subsequent depopulating transition in the gate can be used to evaluate the directional correlation coefficients. The method can be used with great advantage in case of short lived activities where the multiangle measurements need hard to determine and uncertain corrections for source decay. In case of weak lines too a sufficiently good number of counts can be collected at one angle instead of many, thus increasing the accuracy of measurements. The method has been tested with the ₇₅As and ₁₃₃Cs sources and is found to work well. The isotropic distribution of gamma rays from the 198 keV spin 1/2 level in ₇₅As is used to determine the A2 Coefficients of a cascade 136-66 feeding this level. The details of the method and results are presented. (author)

[en] Theoretical calculations of Flugge et al. show that the atomic inner shell vacancies created in different modes of atomic ionisation are aligned in the vacancy state with total angular momentum j ≥ 3/2. Therefore, the x-rays accompanying the filling of the vacancies should be anisotropic and polarised. Consequently, L₁ and L_α x-ray peaks, originating purely from L3 sub shell with j = 3/2, may show anisotropic angular distribution

[en] The nuclear structure and internal interactions change with the change in the number of two kinds of particles, protons and neutrons. An attempt has been made to analyze the existing data for isotopic nuclei wherever the data is available for three or more isotopes