[en] Alpha autoradiography was used to study suitable technology of heat treatment of soldered joints of refractory nickel alloys using boron containing solders. The aim was to locate boron during soldering and subsequent heat treatment and thereby to contribute to the clarification of the impact of the soldering gap, heating time and temperature on joint quality. The reaction ¹⁰B(n,α)⁷Li was used for autoradiography. For alpha detection, dielectric track detectors (plastic foils) were used. The method of alpha radiography showed to be a reliable and relatively cheap method for investigating the distribution of boron in metallic materials and for determining the kinetics of its migration in the process of heat treatment. (Z.S.). 12 figs., 4 refs

[en] The method of autoradiogram interpretation has been described. The method consists in a decomposition of an image into some areas, related with different, earlier supposed blackenings. (author)

[en] An X-ray television system was developed for X-ray radiography and neutron radiography, the method was developed of nondestructive testing of materials and products using accelerator radiography. An Atlas of the faults of blunt welds of medium thicknesses was compiled. Other resolved projects were: the measurement of the wear of cog wheels using the method of surface activation with charged particles, the method of detecting wear of parts of combustion engines by surface activation with alpha particles and deuterons using the measurement of the lubricating medium activity, the use of radionuclide methods in the research of wear of anti-friction bearings, the use of radionuclides for evaluating corrosion resistance of steels and anti-corrosion protection, and the use of radionuclides for improving the quality of high-grade steel production. (M.D.)

[en] Examples are presented of the applications of autoradiography using plastic films in the study of the distribution of boron in metal materials and its translocation owing to diffusion annealing. Alpha radiation is induced in the material by thermal neutrons while the reaction ¹⁰B(n,α)⁷Li is used. Diffusion processes were studied in the transition zone between the base material and the overlay in hard alloy surfacing. The metallographically treated samples were placed on cellulose nitrate films and irradiated in a reactor. Autoradiograms showed that up to an annealing temperature of 800 degC there was no notable diffusion. Only at 900 degC migration occurred of boron from the transition zone to the base material. Also studied was the distribution of boron in soldered joints of nickel heat resisting alloys. The joints were subjected to homogenization annealing and the gradual disintegration was monitored of boride phases in dependence on the temperature and duration of annealing. Inside the joint boron practically disappeared and it finally appeared in the base material outside of the initial interface. (M.D.)

No abstract available

[en] Friction between two different materials was tested at SVUM Prague using a laboratory tribometric apparatus of original design (a radioactive needle moves in a spiral path over an inactive plate) and a SVUSS tribometer (an inactive disc with simultaneous circular and forward motion is pressed against a radioactive plate). Wear or material transfer was mostly determined by radiometric measurement of the initially inactive part. In case of surface activation, measurement of the residual activity of the active element could also be used. The results of a systematic study were applied in comparative measurements of abrasion resistivity of tool materials and machined materials. Comparative measurements of hard-metal cold-drawing dies for brass wire were conducted for different lubricants. (author)

No abstract available

No abstract available

[en] Machine parts'and reference standards were either electroplated using radioactive metals (e.g., ⁵⁶Co, ⁵⁷Co, ⁶⁰Co, ⁵⁷Fe), or activated by a stream of charged particles or by diffusion heating in the radioactive gas atmosphere. Wear was measured radiometrically, this either by measuring the residual radioactivity on the surface of the parts or by measuring the activity passed into the surrounding medium, i.e., oil or other lubricant. (J.K.)

No abstract available