[en] Use of radiotherapy alone and in combination with other methods of treatment of lung cancer is discussed. (M.G.B.)

[en] Highlights: • The adsorption of methanol, ethanol & 1-propanol on MoS_2 nanosheet are studied. • The PDOS & band structure confirms adsorption of alcohol vapors on MoS_2 nanosheet. • The adsorption of 1-propanol vapor on MoS_2 nanosheet is more favorable. • The alcohol molecules adsorption on MoS_2 nanosheet is explored in atomistic level. - Abstract: The electronic and adsorption properties of three different alcohol molecules namely methanol, ethanol and 1-propanol vapors on MoS_2 nanosheet is investigated using DFT method. The structural stability of MoS_2 nanosheet is ascertained with formation energy. The adsorption properties of alcohol molecules on MoS_2 base material is discussed in terms of average energy gap variation, Mulliken charge transfer, energy band gap and adsorption energy. The prominent adsorption sites of methanol, ethanol and 1-propanol vapors on MoS_2 nanosheet are studied in atomistic level. The projected density of states (PDOS) spectrum gives the clear insights on the electronic properties of MoS_2 nanosheet. The PDOS and energy band structure confirmed the adsorption of alcohol vapors on MoS_2 nanosheet. The variation in the band structure and PDOS is noticed upon adsorption of methanol, ethanol and 1-propanol molecules on MoS_2 nanosheet. The PDOS spectrum also reveals the variation in peak maxima owing to transfer of electron between alcohol molecules and MoS_2 base material. The adsorption of 1-propanol vapor on MoS_2 nanosheet is observed to be more favorable than other alcohol molecules. The findings confirm that monolayer MoS_2 nanosheet can be used to detect the presence of alcohol vapors in the environment.

[en] Highlights: • The electronic properties and structural stability of pristine and In substituted Co_3O_4 are studied. • The CO adsorption characteristics on Co_3O_4 nanostructured are discussed using DFT method. • The favorable adsorption sites of CO on Co_3O_4 nanostructures are identified and reported. • The adsorption properties of CO on Co_3O_4 base material can be enhanced with the substitution of indium. - Abstract: The adsorption characteristics of CO on Co_3O_4 nanostructure on various sites are studied using density functional theory and reported. The structural stability of Co_3O_4 base material is studied using formation energy and vibrational analysis. The most significant parameters such as adsorption energy, energy gap, average energy gap variation and Mulliken charge transfer are taken into count to study the favourable adsorption site of CO on Co_3O_4 base material. Moreover, the incorporation of In atoms in Co_3O_4 nanostructures enhances the adsorption characteristics of CO on Co_3O_4 base material. The findings of the present work infer that pristine and In substituted Co_3O_4 nanostructures can be used to detect low concentrations of CO in the atmosphere.

[en] Highlights: • The electronic properties and structural stability of β-Ga_2O_3 are reported. • For the first time, CH_4 adsorption characteristics on β-Ga_2O_3 are discussed using DFT. • Electron affinity, ionization potential and HOMO–LUMO gap for β-Ga_2O_3 are studied. • The favorable adsorption sites of CH_4 on β-Ga_2O_3 nanostructures are identified. • The adsorption properties of CH_4 on β-Ga_2O_3 material can be enhanced with the substitution of Sn and N. - Abstract: The electronic properties, structural stability and adsorption properties of methane on pristine, Sn, Cu and N substituted β-Ga_2O_3 nanostructures are successfully investigated through density functional theory with B3LYP/LanL2DZ basis set. The structural stability of β-Ga_2O_3 nanostructures is described in terms of formation energy. The electronic properties of pristine, Sn, Cu and N substituted β-Ga_2O_3 nanostructures are discussed with electron affinity, HOMO–LUMO gap and ionization potential. Dipole moment and point symmetry of pristine, Sn, Cu and N substituted β-Ga_2O_3 nanostructures are also discussed. The adsorption properties of CH_4 on β-Ga_2O_3 materials are studied and the suitable adsorption sites are reported. The important parameters such as energy gap, adsorbed energy, Mulliken population and average energy gap variation are used to identify the prominent site of CH_4 adsorption on β-Ga_2O_3 base material. β-Ga_2O_3 nanostructure can be tailored with proper substitution impurity to improve the adsorption characteristics of methane on β-Ga_2O_3 nanostructures in mixed gas atmosphere

[en] Highlights: • The electronic properties of arsenene nanoribbon and nanotubes are studied. • The electronic properties are influenced by zigzag and armchair borders. • The orientation, width and passivation of borders modify the electronic properties. • The findings show that arsenene nanoribbon and nanotubes can be used for spintronics and chemical sensors. - Abstract: The electronic properties of arsenene nanotubes and nanoribbons with hydrogenation along the zigzag and armchair edges are studied using density functional theory (DFT) technique. The structural stability of hydrogenated zigzag and armchair arsenene nanostructures are confirmed with formation energy. The electronic properties of arsenene nano-conformers are described in terms of energy band structure and projected density of states spectrum. Furthermore, owing to the influence of hydrogen passivation, buckled orientation and width of arsenene nanostructures, the band gap widens in the range of 0.38–1.13 eV. The findings of the present work confirm that the electronic properties of arsenene nanomaterial, can be fine-tuned with the influence of passivation with hydrogen, zigzag or armchair border shapes and effect of the width of nanoribbons or nanotubes, which can be utilized as spintronic device and chemical sensor.

[en] Following the establishment of a successful working relationship through an initial project, the Soviet organization VNIIAES-NPO Energiya and the US-based S3 Technologies (formerly Link-Miles Simulation) have set up a new joint venture in nuclear plant simulation and power: General Energy Technologies. The criteria for success are discussed. (author)

[en] Substitution of Ru for Fe in amorphous Fe₉₀Zr₁₀ alloy results in an instant fall in T_c, reduction in average transition metal moment and in disappearance of ferromagnetism at about 3 atomic percent Ru concentration. The observed behaviour is totally different from that of 3d substituents

[en] Reentrant magnetism in amorphous Fe_90-xRu_xZr₁₀ alloys has been investigated. The bimodal hyperfine field distribution in Fe₉₀Zr₁₀ is found to evolve distinctly with Ru substitution and its correlation with the magnetic phase diagram is established. The hyperfine field distribution is in good agreement with the recent theories on amorphous Fe-Zr alloys that predict the occurrence of a low negative Fe moment. copyright 1996 The American Physical Society

[en] Radiation therapy using conventional fractionation schedules has not achieved adequate disease control in patients with advanced oral carcinoma. Hence a trial was conducted to investigate the efficacy of daily multiple session irradiation in this disease. Of the 32 patients entered in the study, 25 were eligible for evaluation. Sixteen of the 25 patients had no evidence of disease during a follow-up period of 24 months. Acute mucosal reactions were observed in all the patients, but they subsided in 2 to 4 weeks after completion of treatment. The results obtained in this pilot study justify evaluation of this method in a larger number of patients with advanced oral carcinoma. (orig.)

[en] Magnetism in amorphous alloys of Ru_xFe_80-xB₂₀, O≤x≤22 has been investigated using high field magnetization and Moessbauer spectroscopy. The average Fe hyperfine field in Ru₁₈Fe₆₂B₂₀ shows an anomalous rise at low temperatures. In Ru rich alloys a low field component appears in the hyperfine field distribution and the alloys do not saturate magnetically in 80 kG fields. It is inferred that their magnetic structure is non collinear and that antiferromagnetic exchange in the system increases with Ru concentration. (orig.)