[en] Methods of laser fluorescent determination of sodium atom and hydroxyl molecule (impurity fire component) concentration are described. A method of wide-band detection is presented in detail. A monochromator, its transmission band allowing one to detect all rotational lines of hydroxyl electron-vibrational transition, is used as wide-bond filter. High efficiency of using the methods described in studying the combustion chemistry, kinetics of sodium atom compound production in combustion product plasma and pre-electrode processes is demonstrated. 95 refs., 12 figs., 4 tabs

[en] The problem on the potential of interparticle electrostatic interaction in a therma plasma with macroparticles is considered in the case when thermo-electron emission constitutes the basic process, determining the macroparticles charge is considered. It is shown that consideration of the Poison equation high nonlinearity, characteristic of the dust plasma systems, makes a number of ratios, used in this area, irrelevant. The account for this condition makes it possible to correctly determine the value of the interparticle interaction parameters which is one of the most important parameters in the dust plasma physics

[en] To determine the phase composition of the carbide coatings epigrams were recorded in an RKSO-2 x-ray camera with a flat film holder in the inverse position (reflection angles greater than 45⁰ were registered). The Debye-Scherrer method was also used (RKD camera with d=57.3 mm). The work was performed in an x-ray tube with a copper anode (continuous x-rays in the first case, filtered in the second). The coating thickness was measured microscopically and by weighing. The adhesion of the coating to the substrate was determined by an MRO5-1 machine, the microhardness was measured by a PMT-3 microdurometer. Data are obtained on the effect of the substrate temperature, the ratio Csub(C₇H₈)/Csub(WCl₆), and the duration of the process on the rate of deposition of W carbides and their phase composition. One-phase WC coatings can be obtained at Csub(C₇H₈)/Csub(WCl₆)=6-12. The adhesion of the coatings to the W substrate can be increased by an order of magnitude by forming a sublayer consisting of a mixture of W₂C and WC

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No abstract available

[en] The process of W(CO)₆ decomposition in the media of H₂ and H₂ with C₇H₈ addition was studied in the temperature range of 620-970 K. It was found that the carrying out of W(CO)₆ decomposition process in the presence of C₇H₈ significantly increased the rate of coating formation, shifted its maximum towards higher temperatures and permitted to produce a dense, highly adhesive to the surface coating. It was shown that the addition of C₇H₅ upto 920 K did not effect coating phase composition, but at a higher temperatures the emergence of W₂C phase was observed and its quantity increased as W(CO)₆ decomposition temperature and Csub(Csub(7)Hsub(8))/Csub(W(CO)sub(6)) increased

[en] The presence in the high-temperature flows of condensed disperse phase (CDP) particles may lead either to an increase of the electron number density n_e if the particles assume a positive charge or to its decrease if the charge is negative. The existence of CDP also may effect on optical parameters of the thermal dusty plasma flows, on heat and radiative transfer in the plasma. The entire range of states, from a Debye plasma to a highly nonideal system of charged particles, is realized in a thermal dusty plasma under standard conditions T=2000-3000 K, n_e=10⁸ - 10¹⁴ cm^-3. The advanced probe and optical diagnostic instruments are needed to study the optical and electrophysical properties of thermal dusty plasma flows. The diagnostic techniques must give the data about such parameters of gas and dispersed phase as temperatures of gas and particles, number densities of electrons, atoms and ions of alkali metals, sizes, velocities and concentrations of CDP particles. It should be noted that number density of alkali metal atoms and gas temperature may be measured by the well known full absorption and generalized reversal methods. This paper describes the probe and optical techniques for diagnostic of dusty plasma flows developed in High Energy Density Research Center of Russian Academy of Sciences. The Forward Angle Scattering Transmissometer (FAST) allows measurement of the average size (Sauter diameter), mass number density, and refractive index of particles in the 0.5-15.0 gm size range. The basis of the method is a dependence of the measured extinction of radiation upon an angular acceptance aperture of the photo detector. The FAST instrument allows one to determine the mass density and the Sauter diameter of a polydispersion of particles without a priori specification of the particle size distribution model and exact data about the article refractive index

[en] The presence in the high-temperature flows of condensed disperse phase (CDP) particles may lead either to an increase of the electron number density n_e if the particles assume a positive charge or to its decrease if the charge is negative. The existence of CDP also may effect on optical parameters of the thermal dusty plasma flows, on heat and radiative transfer in the plasma. The entire range of states, from a Debye plasma to a highly nonideal system of charged particles, is realized in a thermal dusty plasma under standard conditions T=2000-3000 K, n_e=10⁸-10¹⁴ cm^-3. The advanced probe and optical diagnostic instruments are needed to study the optical and electrophysical properties of thermal dusty plasma flows. The diagnostic techniques must give the data about such parameters of gas and dispersed phase as temperatures of gas and particles, number densities of electrons, atoms and ions of alkali metals, sizes, velocities and concentrations of CDP particles. It should be noted that number density of alkali metal atoms and gas temperature may be measured by the well known full absorption and generalized reversal methods. This paper describes the probe and optical techniques for diagnostic of dusty plasma flows developed in High Energy Density Research Center of Russian Academy of Sciences. The Forward Angle Scattering Transmissometer (FAST) allows measurement of the average size (Sauter diameter), mass number density, and refractive index of particles in the 0.5-15.0 μm size range. The basis of the method is a dependence of the measured extinction of radiation upon an angular acceptance aperture of the photo detector. The FAST instrument allows one to determine the mass density and the Sauter diameter of a polydispersion of particles without a priori specification of the particle size distribution model and exact data about the particle refractive index

[en] The dynamics of combustion plasmas is not known because of the lack of experimental data about the concentration distribution of different chemical species in the plasma and near the boundary layers. A new method is proposed to determine the composition of plasma, and an experiment with aerosol solution of a sodium salt is described. The distribution of sodium atoms was detected by laser induced fluorescence. This method produced a high space resolution (0.1 mm) and allowed to carry out measurements at low atom concentrations (10¹⁰ cm^-3) for the case when the effect of nonequilibrium is more pronounced. (D.Gy.)

[en] Small particles (dust) exist in magnetic confinement fusion devices. Their origin is due to plasma-surface interactions. Dust particles may contain significant amounts of hydrogen isotopes, 50% of which will be Tritium in future devices. The radioactive decay of Tritium incorporated into carbonaceous dust may lead to its charging and to the formation of a nuclear induced plasma associated with levitation and transport of dust inside the vacuum vessel. We will discuss the experimental evidence of dust levitation and removal by appropriately shaped electric fields and we will discuss some aspects of radioactive dust in fusion devices