[en] Long-term continuous measurements of NO₂ flux, NO₂ dry deposition velocity (Vd) and various microclimate factors were carried out from February to June of both 2002 and 2003 on a wheat field located in Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, Japan. The Bowen ratio technique was used to measure NO₂ flux. Average values of daytime data were used to analyze Vd and the relationship between Vd and other factors such as solar radiation. Vd average values during the daytime were in the range of 0.03-1.11 cms^-1, were smaller in winter, and were larger in spring. Vd tended to increase along with wheat growth. Vd was affected primarily by leaf area index (LAI), and the relationship between Vd and each microclimate factor was different in LAI of each growing stage. With LAI less than 2, Vd was affected mainly by wind speed, and increased with an increase in wind speed. With LAI greater than 2, Vd was affected mainly by solar radiation, air temperature and vapor pressure deficit, and increased as these factors increased. In the maturing season (with LAI of approximately 5), the relationships between Vd and solar radiation, air temperature and vapor pressure deficit became stronger than during the previous growing periods. The average value of NO₂ flux in the daytime during all growing periods was approximately 462 mu gm^-2 h^-1. The amount of NO₂ deposition during all growing periods was approximately 0.29 gNm^-2. (author)

No abstract available

[en] Electrostatic charge properties on polypropylene film have been characterized by atomic force microscopy and electrostatic force microscopy. The measurements have been carried out after the polypropylene film was electrified by contact and separation process in an atmosphere of controlled humidity. The negative and positive charge in concave surface has been observed. The correlation between concave surface and charge position suggests that the electrostatic charges could be caused by localized contact. On the other hand, positive charge on a flat surface has been observed. The absence of a relationship between surface profile and charge position suggests that the electrostatic charge should be caused by discharge during the separation process. The spatial migration of other positive charges through surface roughness has been observed. The results suggest that there could be some electron traps on the surface roughness and some potentials on the polypropylene film.

[en] Optical bistability due to thermally induced refractive index changes is observed in MBE-grown InGaAs/InAlAs MQW etalon devices at around a 1.5 μm wavelength. The relation between optical bistable characteristics and incident beam wavelength is studied in detail using a tunable F-center laser

[en] We have developed a regional selectable fibre-optic sensing system based on monitoring the length fluctuation of optic fibres by optical pulse correlation measurement. The multiple regional sensing fibres are cascadable and are connected by partial reflectors. The measurable regions are easily upgraded by a scanning of time position method. The results of strain experiments confirmed their linear response. These multiple region sensing techniques were experimentally operated within a resolution of less than 5 µε and over 4300 µε for sensing a region of 600 mm in length. A large number of sensing regions of in-line fibres can be exploited by the wide period, narrow width and high intensity of the pulse source and the high sensitivity of the optical signal detecting system

No abstract available

[en] The binding energy of ⁷_ΛHe has been obtained for the first time with reaction spectroscopy using the (e, e'K⁺) reaction at Jefferson Lab's Hall C. A comparison among the binding energies of the A = 7 T = l iso-triplet hypernuclei, ⁷_ΛHe, ⁷_ΛLi*and ⁷_ΛBe, is made and possible charge symmetry breaking (CSB) in the ΛN potential is discussed. For ⁷_ΛHe and ⁷_ΛBe, the shifts in binding energies are opposite to those predicted by a recent cluster model calculation, which assumes that the unexplained part of the binding energy difference between ⁴_ΛH and ⁴_ΛHe, is due to the CSB of the ΛN potential. Further examination of CSB in light hypernuclear systems is required both experimentally and theoretically.

[en] The photoproduction process of neutral kaons on a liquid deuterium target is investigated near the threshold region, E_γ=0.8-1.1 GeV. K⁰ events are reconstructed from positive and negative pions, and differential cross sections are derived. Experimental momentum spectra are compared with those calculated in the spectator model using a realistic deuteron wave function. Elementary amplitudes as given by recent isobar models and a simple phenomenological model are used to study the effect of the new data on the angular behavior of the elementary cross section. The data favor a backward-peaked angular distribution of the elementary n(γ,K⁰)Λ process, which provides additional constraints on current models of kaon photoproduction. The present study demonstrates that the n(γ,K⁰)Λ reaction can provide key information on the mechanism of the photoproduction of strangeness

[en] This paper reports on the formation of multilayer structures and the highly improved photo-induced output current of the lead lanthanum zirconate titanate (PLZT) employed. The photo-induced effect of ferroelectrics has the advantage of simple mechanisms of non-bias applications, which are indispensable for semiconductor p-n junctions. But the output current of PLZT bulk is too low for it to be used as a device current source. The new design is described using an upper transparent indium tin oxide electrode. The PLZT film structure exhibited an output current of the order of microamperes upon light illumination. The photo-induced current of the PLZT film was more than 10² times that of bulk PLZT. These differences are due to the characteristics of the design of the multilayers including the configuration of the electrode. The PLZT film also has the advantage of easy output control and suitability for use on Si. A simple model is used for an illustratative explanation of the improved photo-induced effect in the PLZT film. Results show that the photo-induced effect of the ferroelectric multilayer is useful as the current source for micro-electro-mechanical systems

[en] The HKS (Jlab E01-011) experiment on spectroscopy of Λ-hypernuclei using (e,e'K⁺) reaction was successfully carried out in 2005. This paper gives a brief description of the experiment and its technique and shows some of the preliminary spectra that are still under analysis