[en] Results of investigations into not expensive procedures (injection of manganese, nickel, magnesium mixture) for decreasing value of radioactive substances (cobalt) in oxide film at the inner surface of recirculation tubes conducted in Tohoku Electric Co. are discussed. Cobalt adhesion in the presence of hydrogen is compared. Model process of the cobalt adhesion suppression when injection of zinc and mixture is demonstrated. Thickness of film and quantity of cobalt are decreased by the injection of zinc, manganese is added in film and suppressed cobalt adhesion when injection of mixture

[en] The DONUT experiment has analyzed a sample of 203 neutrino interactions recorded in nuclear emulsion targets. Two decay search methods has done for long and short flight tau decay. Evidence of four tau neutrino interactions with an estimated background of 0.41 events and one with background of 0.22 events

[en] In the analysis of dynamics of organic matter in the root-rhizoplane-soil system, it is essential to estimate various kinds of carbon flows in the system separately. Since a simple and rapid method for measuring root respiration was needed for this purpose, the authors developed the following method. A plastic syringe is used as the chamber. Sample roots are put into a syringe, in which the air is replaced with air of known CO₂ concentration and the syringe is kept at a constant temperature for a certain time. A volume of the air in the syringe is injected into the flow of N₂ gas in the tube which is connected to an infrared gas analyzer. The CO₂ concentration in the syringe is directly related to the reading of the analyzer. From the difference of the CO₂ concentration in the syringe before and after the incubation, the respiration rate of the roots is calculated. The details of the procedure were determined by the results of experiments regarding the effects of factors concerned. (author)

[en] A strong dependence of implosion symmetry on laser focusing conditions and a growth of a whisker-like irregularity on ablation surface were observed in ablatively compressed laser fusion pellets by using time-resolved x-ray shadowgraphy. The time development of the implosion nonuniformity was traced by a 2-D fluid PIC code. The simulation result supports a hydrodynamic ''free-falling'' effect on the growing irregularity, which explains well the experimental results quantitatively within a factor of 2. (author)

[en] Questions whether the neutrino is a Majorana particle or a Dirac particle and whether massive or massless are quite important in view of the grand unification of interactions and the galactic dark matter. The most sensitive probe to study the massive Majorana neutrino is a neutrinoless double beta decay (Oν β β). The double beta decays can be seen when a given isotope0is unstable energetically in the isobar chain but is stable against the single β^- and β⁺ decays. There are 35 β^-β^- and 40 β⁺β⁺ isotopes. The double beta decay experiments for the last decade have been mainly focussed on ⁷⁶Ge, because the ⁷⁶Geβ β isotope is contained in a natural Ge detector with 7.8% abundance. Thus the β β events are almost fully detected by the Ge detector. The β β counter experiments for nuclei other than ⁷⁶Ge are aimed to observe clearly the 2ν mode, which should occur necessarily because of the absence of violation of any conservation laws and symmetries. The β β sources with large nuclear sensitivity are chosen. Since the ⁸²Se and ¹⁰⁰Mo isotopes have large Q_ββ values of about 3 MeV, they are the best candidates. In order to explore a possible finite Majorana neutrino mass in the range of 0.1-1 eV and a finite right handed weak current in the range around 10^-6, new large scale detector systems should satisfy some requirementrs for large aystem sensitivity and mode selectivity. The ¹⁰⁰Mo is one of the best candidates to serve for the search for Oν β β decays. (N.K.)

[en] We analyze the three-dimensional axial next-nearest-neighbor Ising model composed of two kinds of alternately stacked ferromagnetic layers with different intralayer interactions by using Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. The detailed analyses of the magnetization and the spin correlations perpendicular to the stacked direction, assure and clarify the existence and the nature of the paramagnetic layers in some modulated phases with wave numbers, 1/4, 1/8, 3/16. This is the first MC confirmation of the partially disordered states which have been predicted by previous molecular field calculation and/or observed in materials such as CsCoCl₃, CuFeO₂ and CeSb

[en] A two-day workshop on 'The Physics of Wand Z Bosons' Was held at the RIKEN BNL Research Center at Brookhaven National Laboratory on June 24-25, 2010. With the recent release of the first measurement of W bosons in proton-proton collisions at RHIC and the first observation of W events at the LHC, the workshop was a timely opportunity to bring together experts from both the high energy particle and nuclear physics communities to share their ideas and expertise on the physics of Wand Z bosons, with the aim of fully exploring the potential of the W/Z physics programs at RHIC and the LHC. The focus was on the production and measurement of W/Z bosons in both polarized and unpolarized proton-proton collisions, and the role of W/Z production in probing the parton flavor and helicity structure of the colliding proton and in the search for new physics. There were lively discussions about the potential and future prospects of W/Z programs at RHIC, Tevatron, and the LHC.

[en] The role of calcium (Ca) in the cellular action of arginine vasopressin (AVP) was examined in rat renal papillary collecting tubule cells in culture. AVP increased both the cellular free Ca concentration ([Ca2+]i) using fura-2, and cAMP production in a dose-dependent manner. AVP-induced cellular Ca mobilization was totally blocked by the antagonist to the antidiuretic action of AVP, and somewhat weakened by the antagonist to the vascular action of AVP. 1-Deamino-8-D-AVP (dDAVP). an antidiuretic analog of AVP, also increased [Ca2+] significantly. Cellular Ca mobilization was not obtained with cAMP, forskolin (a diterpene activator of adenylate cyclase), or phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate. The early phase of [Ca2+]i depended on the intracellular Ca pool, since an AVP-induced rise in [Ca2+]i was obtained in cells pretreated with Ca-free medium containing 1 mM EGTA, verapamil, or cobalt, which blocked cellular Ca uptake. Also, AVP increased ⁴⁵Ca2+ influx during the initial 10 min, which initiated the sustained phase of cellular Ca mobilization. However, cellular cAMP production induced by AVP during the 10-min observation period was diminished in the cells pretreated with Ca-free medium, verapamil, or cobalt, but was still significantly higher than the basal level. This was also diminished by a high Ca concentration in medium. These results indicate that 1) AVP concomitantly regulates cellular free Ca as well as its second messenger cAMP production; 2) AVP-induced elevation of cellular free Ca is dependent on both the cellular Ca pool and extracellular Ca; and 3) there is an optimal level of extracellular Ca to modulate the AVP action in renal papillary collecting tubule cells

[en] By using the electromagnetic excitation modes in ferromagnetic superconductors, which are the coupled modes of the photon, electric current and magnetic moments, the reflection and transmission coefficients, Rsub(f) and Tsub(f), are calculated for the electromagnetic wave incident normally on the surface of a film of ferromagnetic superconductor. It is shown that Rsub(f) and Tsub(f) oscillate as a function of the film thickness, reflecting the oscillatory character of the excitation modes, and that Rsub(f) and Tsub(f) have an anomaly at the magnetic phase transition temperature Tsub(s). (author)

[en] 1) CT with pneumomediastinum: 15 patients were examined by CT with pneumomediastinum. The regults were better than CT alone: 9 had tumors separated from surrounding organs and 6 had infiltration or adhesion of tumors to the peripheral region. These findings were useful information in preparing for thoracotomy. 2) Contrast thoracography: Its diagnostic valne was great in all the 24 patients who underwent artificial pneumothorax because of no pleural adhesions. The contrast material collects around a tumor, which projects into the pleural cavity, and the tumor is usually recognized as a ring shadow. The positon, size, and character of the border of the tumor as well as relations between the tumor and the surrounding tissues can be more precisely evaluated than by routine roentgenography. Therefore, usuful information is obtained for thoracotomy. The contrast medium infused was excreted in the urine in 12 hours. There were no complications. (author)