[en] At very high temperatures Yang - Mills theories can be described through perturbation theory. At the tree level the time components of the gluon fields decouple and yield a dimensionally reduced theory. The expectation value of the Polyakov loop then assumes values of the Z(N) center group. At intermediate temperatures, however, this is not true anymore. The time dependence shows up in loops. In a recent work (D.I. Diakonov, M. Oswald, Phys. Rev. D68, 025012 (2003)) we integrated out fast varying quantum fluctuations around background A_i and static A₄ fields. We assumed that these fields are slowly varying but that the amplitude of A₄ is arbitrary. As a result we obtained the kinetic energy terms for the Polyakov loop both for the electric and the magnetic sector of SU(2). (author)

[en] Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and potential prognostic factors for patients treated with radiation therapy for pelvic recurrence of cervical carcinoma after radical hysterectomy. Materials/Methods: Between 1964 and 1994, 51 patients received radiotherapy at M.D Anderson Cancer Center for an isolated pelvic recurrence after radical hysterectomy for FIGO stage IB cervical carcinoma. The median age at the time of hysterectomy was 35 years (range 20 to 76 years). The median time from hysterectomy to first recurrence was 10 months. Thirty five patients (69%) had squamous cell carcinoma and 16 (31%) had adenocarcinoma. Fifteen patients (29%) had recurrence in the central pelvis and 36 (71%) had recurrence on the sidewall. Seven patients (14%) with massive tumor recurrence or poor performance status were treated palliatively with a short course hypofractionated regimen. The remaining 44 patients (86%) were treated with radiation with curative intent. Of these, 27 were treated by external beam radiotherapy only to a median dose of 64 Gy. Seventeen patients were treated with a combination of external beam radiotherapy (median dose 45 Gy) and brachytherapy (intracavitary, interstitial iridium implants, or permanent gold (Au 198) implants). Thirteen patients (25%) received cisplatinum-based chemotherapy. Ten patients received induction chemotherapy prior to radiotherapy, 2 received concurrent chemotherapy and 1 received chemotherapy after radiotherapy. Median followup for surviving patients was 9.5 years with 2 year minimum follow-up. Survival rates were calculated actuarially using the Berkson-Gage life table methodology. Results: Most patients (80%) had an objective response to therapy evaluated by physical examination or radiographic imaging. The five year overall survival for all patients after radiotherapy was 36%. The five year overall survival for patients treated with curative intent was 41%. The median survival rates for patients treated with curative intent vs palliative intent were 28.2 months and 7.9 months respectively. The 5 year survival rates for patients treated with central recurrence vs sidewall recurrence were 66% and 23% respectively (p<0.03). The 5 year overall survival for squamous cell carcinoma vs adenocarcinoma was 46% and 14% respectively. However, this was not statistically significant (p=0.33). Time to initial recurrence (<12 vs >12 months) was not correlated with outcome. In 21 of 28 patients (75%) the first site of second recurrence following radiotherapy was the pelvis. Three patients (11%) relapsed with pelvic and distant metastases and 4 patients (14%) with distant metastases only. Two surviving patients had serious complications of small bowel obstruction requiring lysis of adhesions. Conclusions: Aggressive radiotherapy can be an effective salvage modality for patients experiencing isolated pelvic recurrence after radical hysterectomy for cervix carcinoma. Patients with central pelvic recurrence have a better prognosis than sidewall recurrence. Although sidewall recurrence has been associated with a poor prognosis, occasional long term survivors justifys an aggressive approach. The role of chemotherapy is undetermined and remains investigational

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[en] The system was designed within the scope of our quality assurance organization. The underlying concepts are: 1) traceability - each product or component can be identified and located at any time during the fabrication process and all relevant background information can be called up when required; 2) quality assessment - this concept covers all operations designed to evaluate the level of product compliance with specifications and tolerance limits; 3) product management - this system is a significant aid in assuring an accurate and continually updated product inventory at all stages of the fabrication process (input, process operations, scraps and wastes, retention etc...)

[en] This report presents the characteristics of the fuel and those concerning its fabrication (process, and installations)

[en] We establish a relationship between the zeros of the partition function in the complex mass plane and the spectral properties of the Dirac operator in QCD. This relation is derived within the context of chiral Random Matrix Theory and applies to QCD when chiral symmetry is spontaneously broken. Further, we introduce and examine the concept of normal modes in chiral spectra. Using this formalism we study the consequences of a finite Thouless energy for the zeros of the partition function. This leads to the demonstration that certain features of the QCD partition function are universal

[en] The experimental discovery of a microwave induced zero resistance state of high mobility two-dimensional electron systems initiated a large number of theoretical papers. A frequently used picture proposes microwave induced current domains of opposite dissipation-less current flow. We simulate this picture with a network model for magneto transport which was successfully used for modeling the integer quantum Hall effect. For the plateau regime this model gives exact quantization of Rxy and zero-resistance of Rxx, which means dissipation-less current transport, even for macroscopically wide edge stripes. On this background we map out the current domains on the edge stripe picture. Within an edge stripe the top Landau level is half filled and hence we expect this as a suitable situation for representing current domains in the bulk. However, half filling in the bulk leads usually to the ohmic behavior in the plateau transition regime. This apparent contradiction is resolved by introducing an artificial domain wall by dividing the sample along the current flow and suppressing the coupling between these two regions. With this domain wall the whole potential drop appears close to the current contacts while the Hall voltage remains unchanged. For voltage probes far from the current contacts this results in a vanishing longitudinal resistance. Without domain wall the lateral potential drop occurs linearly over the sample length like for an ohmic conductor. (author)

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No abstract available

No abstract available