[en] A simplified theoretical model for the linear Rayleigh–Taylor instability of finite thickness elastic–plastic solid constantly accelerated by finite thickness viscous fluid is performed. With the irrotational assumption, it is possible to consider viscosity, surface tension, elasticity or plasticity effects simultaneously. The model considers thicknesses at rigid wall boundary conditions with the velocity potentials, and deals with solid elastic–plastic transition and fluid viscosity based on the velocity continuity and force equilibrium at contact interface. The complete analytical expressions of the amplitude motion equation, the growth rate, and the instability boundary are obtained for arbitrary Atwood number, viscosity, thicknesses of solid and fluid. The thicknesses effects of two materials on the growth rate and the instability boundary are discussed. (paper)

[en] A novel approach to estimation of neutron energy spectrum by LaBr₃:Ce detector which was usually used for gamma rays measurement was presented. In this approach, energy distribution of the neutron flux was devided into several bins, and simultaneous equations of these bins were setup based on the net counts of gamma peaks induced by neutron inelastic scattering with LaBr₃:Ce detector. With these equations, the neutron energy spectrum was derived by a deconvolution algorithm. This approach was tested using a 3 in. × 3 in. LaBr₃:Ce detector exposured to an ²⁴¹Am-Be neutron source and proved practicable. (author)

[en] We investigate the electronic structures of one and two monolayer iron phthalocyanine (FePc) molecules on Au(111) surfaces. The first monolayer FePc is lying flat on the Au(111) substrate, and the second monolayer FePc is tilted at ∼15° relative to the substrate plane along the nearest neighbour [101] direction with a lobe downward to the central hole of the unit cell in the first layer. The structural information obtained by first-principles calculations is in agreement with the experiment results. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the electronic structures of FePc molecules in one-monolayer FePc/Au(111) system are perturbed significantly, while the electronic structures of FePc molecules in the second monolayer in two-monolayer FePc/Au(111) system remain almost unchanged due to the screening of the buffer layer on Au(111). (rapid communication)

[en] Liver cancer remains a major cause of cancer-related death across the globe. Nano medicines have emerged as promising candidates to improve liver cancer chemotherapy. In this study, a glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) modified metal-organic framework-based drug delivery system (GA-MOFs) was developed to enhance the liver targeting ability of 5-FU. The physicochemical properties of GA-MOFs regarding particle size, size distribution and morphology were evaluated. The results showed that the obtained 5-FU@GA-MOFs had an octahedral structure, a uniform particle size distribution, and a diameter of ∼200 nm. In vitro release experiments demonstrated that 5-FU@GA-MOFs exhibited a pH-dependent release pattern. MTT assays indicated that 5-FU-loaded GA-MOFs showed greater cytotoxicity towards HepG2 cells when compared to 5-FU alone at the same dose. In vivo tissue distribution demonstrated that the 5-FU@GA-MOFs significantly increased the accumulation of 5-FU in the liver. In vivo imaging analysis further manifested the liver targeting ability of GA-MOFs. Taken together, these results suggested that GA-modified MOFs showed promising potential as liver-targeting nanocarriers for the delivery of anti-tumor drugs. (paper)

[en] An atomistic simulation of the structural properties of the new ternary A₄Fe₃Al₃₂ compounds, where A is Th, U, has been carried out using interatomic pair potentials based on the lattice inversion method. A₄Fe₃Al₃₂ adopts the orthorhombic structure described by space group Cmmm. The unit cell contains 77 atoms which occupy 78 positions. Fe atoms prefer to substitute for Al in 4h sites. The Wyckoff positions 4g and 2d are partially occupied by Fe atoms. Calculated lattice constants are found to agree with a report in the literature. In particular, the phonon densities of states of these actinide compounds were evaluated for the first time. The analysis for the inverted potentials explains qualitatively the contributions of different atoms to the vibrational modes

[en] Rotating machinery is a primary element of mechanical equipment, and thus fault diagnosis of its key components is very important to improve the reliability and safety of modern industrial systems. The key point to diagnose the faults of these components is to extract effectively the hidden fault information. However, the actual vibration signals of rotating machinery have nonlinear and non-stationary characteristics, so traditional signal decomposition methods are unable to extract the frequency components accurately, leading to spectrum overlap of the decomposed sub-signals. Therefore, a rotating machinery fault diagnosis approach based on Fourier transform multi-filter decomposition (FTMFD), fuzzy entropy (FE), joint mutual information maximization (JMIM), and a light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM), is proposed in this paper. FTMFD is used to extract the frequency domain information of the raw vibration signals, whereas FE is used to calculate and extract the fault information of the decomposed sub-signals. Then feature selection is carried out by using JMIM to reduce the influence of redundant features on data analysis and classification accuracy. Furthermore, LightGBM is used to rank the candidate features and outputs the fault diagnosis result. Experimental results from two real datasets show that the proposed method achieves higher accuracy with fewer features than some existing methods for fault recognition. Various working conditions are also considered and verified. (paper)

[en] Highlights: • A new artificial subcell viscous force is designed ensuring dissipation of kinetic energy in Cartesian geometry. • Two types of viscosity limiting methods well suited for use on general mesh are proposed. • New viscosity has desirable mesh stability and produces little dissipation error for rarefaction wave. • Strict validation of the new viscosity is performed using a series of benchmarks. We present a new local tensor type artificial viscosity for two-dimensional Lagrangian staggered grid hydrodynamics. The subcell viscous force is constructed in a manner that ensures dissipation of kinetic energy for the Cartesian coordinate system. Two types of viscosity limiting methods are proposed utilizing the reconstructed velocity gradient at nodal point. The new viscosity has the merit of damping mesh instabilities such as the hourglass and chevron null modes, which is in common with the Riemann problem based artificial viscosity proposed by N. Morgan et al. (2014) [25]. In contrast to the latter, the new viscous force would vanish in case the associated velocity jump corresponds to expansion and so that little dissipation error is produced in the computation of a rarefaction wave. The accuracy and robustness of the new viscosity is demonstrated via a series of benchmark tests.

[en] The construction of nanocrystals with controllable composition and desirable micro-nanostructures is a well-known challenge. A combination of favorable composition and optimized micro-nanostructures can enhance the performance of a material significantly. Using TiO₂ as an example, we demonstrate here a facile approach to prepare anatase/rutile mixed-phase TiO₂ hollow micro-nanospheres with hierarchical mesopores. Our strategy relies on polymer-assisted assembly of ∼ 5 nm nano-building blocks into three-dimensional hierarchical hollow micro-nanospheres in a mixed alcohol-water solution. This superior micro-nanostructure endows the sample with hierarchical mesopores and a high surface area of 106 m² g^-1. We also show that, due to the synergetic effects of the mixed-phase composition and the micro-nanostructures, the sample exhibited significantly improved photovoltaic performance and similar photocatalytic performance compared with the commercial Degussa P25. These results suggested that our sample has great potential for future photovoltaic and photocatalytic applications.

[en] Highlights: • The expression of lncRNA CASP5 in GBM tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues. • LncRNA CASP5 promoted the proliferation of GBM cells both in vitro and in vivo. • LncRNA CASP5 facilitated the migration and invasion of GBM cells. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been demonstrated to be intensively involved in the development of various carcinomas, including glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). However, only a few of them have been well characterized. LncRNA CASP5 have been found to be up-regulated in GBM tissues compared with normal tissues in a microarray-based lncRNA profiling study. In the present study, we further explored the biological role of lncRNA CASP5 in GBM.

[en] The anode effect (AE) often occurs in the aluminum electrolysis process, which seriously affects production efficiency and causes large energy consumption. Therefore, predicting AE in advance has become very important. However, traditional cell resistance-based methods have the disadvantages of low accuracy and short predicting time, and the data-driven methods have not fully considered the relevance between other features and AE, causing the low accuracy for long-term prediction. In this paper, a long-term prediction approach for AE based on a modified neighborhood mutual information and light gradient boosting machine (MNMI-LGBM) is proposed. The MNMI is used to measure the relevance between features and AE for feature selection, and a derivative feature of the cell resistance is fed into the LGBM as a key feature to predict AE. The predicting time in the range of 0–50 min is considered. The results show that the proposed approach has an accuracy above 89% over the entire 0–50 min predicting time range. Specifically, the accuracy achieves 93.6% when predicting time is 50 min. The proposed approach only requires six features as the input of LGBM and can be applied for real-time AE prediction. (paper)