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[en] The paper outlines a targeted remediation system for 71 rural settlements in five southwestern districts of the Bryansk region affected by the Chernobyl accident. Remediation strategies have been developed through a comprehensive assessment of the current radiation and demographic situation. This analysis also considered the economical use of the territory and the optimization of applying 7 remediation technologies, using computer geo information decision-making support systems ReSCA and GISDSS. Two approaches to restoring rural settlements are presented, considering the costs of implementing remediation technologies and their acceptability to the public. The assessment was conducted locally for each settlement with a population exposed to a dose of more than 1 mSv/year, as well as globally, encompassing five districts and the region as a whole. The calculation determined that the costs of implementing remediation technologies to reduce public exposure were estimated to be in the range of 1.23 – 1.33 billion rubles. The estimated averted collective dose from the implementing developed strategies was found to be between 79 – 88 man-Sv, with an average cost of 15.1 – 15.6 million rubles per manSv. It has been observed that over the last 15–20 years, the cost of restoring settlements has increased by 4.7 times, while the potential savings in residents’ collective dose have decreased by 35%. Agricultural technologies aimed at reducing the internal exposure dose of residents keep the maximum effectiveness in decreasing public doses. These technologies include surface improvement of pastures and the use of ferrocene-containing medicines for cows. 10 rural settlements and technologies have been identified as having the greatest impact in reducing the cost of averted dose for the public.

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[en] A technique for rehabilitation of local radioactive contaminations (LRC) zones is presented. The technique is based on LRC classification with taking into account the contribution of internal and external irradiations into the total radiation dose of population. Criteria for LRC zone identification and stages of their rehabilitation are derived. Radiation-economic substantiation of decreasing the dose of population external irradiation in the LRC zones is presented

[en] The paper presents an analysis of the current radiation situation in the settlements of the Russian Federation located on the most radioactively contaminated territory after the Chernobyl accident. The assessment of ¹³⁷Cs content in local agricultural (milk, beef, pork, potatoes), natural (mushrooms) foodstuffs, doses of external, and internal irradiation of residents was carried out. 37 years after the Chernobyl NPP accident, 72 settlements with a total number of residents of 63869 remain in the zone of radioactive contamination whose average effective radiation doses exceed 1 mSv/year. All these settlements are located in five southwestern districts of the Bryansk region and are rural except for the Novozybkov. In the private sector of settlements, potatoes and pork fully comply with radiological standards for the content of ¹³⁷Cs. In milk, the content of the radionuclide can exceed the standards up to 3, in beef up to 5, in mushrooms up to 8–17 times. Over the past 30 years, the number of settlements exceeding the legally established standard for the total exposure dose to the population (1 mSv/year) has decreased by 7.5 times. Due to the decrease in the levels of ¹³⁷Cs contamination of local foodstuffs and the volume of their consumption, the role of internal exposure dose has been decreasing in recent years. It was noted that in addition to a comprehensive assessment of the radiation situation in settlements, agricultural and natural ecosystems, when planning the rehabilitation of settlements with average annual radiation doses of residents above 1 mSv, it is important to take into account the current diets of residents and the real demographic situation in the territories affected by the Chernobyl accident.

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[en] A methodological approach for the justification of rational countermeasure options in agricultural production in the ling term after the Chernobyl NPP accident is presented. The decrease in the scale of countermeasures in 1993-1996 in the most contaminated regions has resulted in a rise in internal exposure doses to the population. A need for further application of protective measures in the long term after the Chernobyl NPP accident is estimated. It has been shown that the remediation of some rural settlements should be continued till 2045

[en] The program of radiation-ecological monitoring of the region of «Ruppur» NPP is developed, survey points are chosen and examined; the monitoring objects, list of observing parameters, regulation of observation are determined as well as the techniques of observation and regulatory and engineering provisions. On the base of radiation-ecological monitoring of atmospheric air, aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems carried out in 30-km area of the NPP in 2014-2015 it is possible to make a conclusion that ecological situation in the region is good in whole. Formed monitoring network of atmosphere, aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems will allow to record the change of situation in 30-km NPP area and to reveal the effect of the NPP operation on ecology in the region

[en] Justification of the application of countermeasure options in the term after the Chernobyl accident is presented exemplified by a number of rural settlements located in areas with different fallout density. Protective and rehabilitation countermeasures are ranked based on the criterion such as a cost of 1 man.-Sv. Estimated are time periods when the need in countermeasures will persist for settlements located in areas with different contamination levels and internal dose contribution to the overall dose