[en] Contact-resistance reduction methods were investigated for the contact between Si layer and indium tin oxide (ITO) when the number of photolithography-mask step processes needs to be reduced in the new polycrystalline silicon thin-film-transistor (TFT) device structure. A barrier oxide has been developed for ITO/Si contact in polysilicon TFT. Titanium oxide located between Si and ITO may prevent the formation of silicon oxide that degrades the contact resistance. This method is useful for displays because it meets the requirements for the electric and optical characteristics.

[en] A tailgut cyst is a rare congenital abnormality located in the retrorectal space and is usually manifested during childhood or adulthood. We report the MR, CT and ultrasound findings of a tailgut cyst in a 23-day-old neonate

[en] We report metastatic omental hepatocellular carcinoma in two patients with post-lobectomy hepatocellular carcinoma who have had previous abdominal surgery or the rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma. Omental metastatic masses were similar to primary masses of the liver in pathologic findings as well as in radiologic findings

[en] To evaluate MRI findings of Guillain-Barre syndrome. In six patients with Guillain-Barre syndrome diagnosed by clinical, cerebrospinal fluid and electrophysiologic findings, a retrospective review of MR findings was conducted. Follow-up MRI scans were carried out in two patients showing minimal clinical improvement. Marked or moderate enhancement of thickened nerve roots was seen in all cases on gadopentetate dimeglumine enhanced axial T1-weighted images. Two patterns were seen; one was even enhancement of both anterior and posterior nerve roots (n=1) and the other was enhancement of anterior nerve roots only (n=5). Enhancement and thickness of nerve roots was seen to have slightly decreased on MRI follow-up at 32 and 50 days; clinical and electrophysiologic examination showed minimal improvement. Although MRI findings of nerve root enhancement are nonspecific and can be seen in neoplastic and other inflammatory diseases, the enhancement of thickened anterior nerve roots within the cal sac suggests Guillain-Barre syndrome

[en] To elucidate the pitfalls of Tc-99m RBC liver SPECT in the diagnosis of hepatic hemangioma, and to compare this modality with two-phase dynamic CT. Forty patients with 48 liver masses, suspected on ultrasonography to be hemangiomas, underwent two-phase dynamic CT scanning and SPECT within a two week period. All masses were diagnosed through pathologic and follow up radiologic studies. The final diagnoses were hemangioma(n=3D42), metastasis(n=3D2), abscess(n=3D2), hepatocellular carcinoma(n=3D1), and cholangiocarcinoma(n=3D1). Sensitivities and specificities of CT and SPECT for the diagnosis of hemangioma and the relationship between false positives or false negatives seen on SPECT and the pattern of contrast enhancement seen on CT were investigated. The sensitivities of CT and SPECT for the diagnosis of hemangioma were 95.2%(40/42) and 76.2%(32/42), respectively. The false-negative rate of SPECT was significantly higher in the early enhancing (54.5%, 6/11) than in the late enhancing type (13.8%, 4/29) and in the 'less than 1 cm group, false-negatives (70%, 7/10) were more common than in the 'more than 1 cm' group(9.4%, 3/32). For the two lesions with false-positive findings on SPECT, the final diagnosis was metastasis, and two false-negative lesion, seen on CT, were misread as metastases. Four other lesions were negative in both studies. For the detection of hepatic hemangioma, two-phase dynamic CT is a better modality than SPECT. False positives on SPECT occurred in metastasis, and false negatives are more common in the small lesion and early enhancing group than in the late enhancing group. Between the two groups, there is a difference in hemodynamics, and considerable further pathological in vestigation is needed.=20

[en] We report a case of histopathologically confirmed benign lipoblastoma in the retroperitoneum. The tumor presented itself as an ill-defined low density mass on a simple radiograph, as a highly heterogeneous echogenic mass on US, and fatty density mass separated by unenchanted linear septa of soft tissue density on CT. The sell circumscribed and incapsulated tumor was totally removed by operation. CT is considered the modality of choice for characterizing lipoblastoma and demonstrating its location and boundary. Whin there is fatty density mass in the retroperitoneum of a children, the possibility of lipoblastoma should be considered first

[en] To evaluate the radiological patterns of vascular invasion in peripheral cholangiocarcinomas. Hepatic arteriography and portography in 20 cases with cholangiocarcinoma including 12 cases with angiographic CT were retrospectively analyzed. The arteriography showed no arterioportal shunt, hypertrophy of tumor vessel, or tumor staining extending to central portion of the mass in all cases. However, doughnut shaped peripheral tumor staining was seen until late hepatogram phase in 12 cases and compensatory hyperperfusion around the mass was seen in six cases (eight cases if include arterial CT). Encasement of tumor vessel was seen in 12 cases, and hypertrophy of feeding vessel in nine cases. On portography, the filling defect on segmental portal branch could be demonstrated only in 11 cases. Shape of the portal defect was tapered narrowing in six cases, abrupt narrowing in two cases but intraluminal nodular filling defect was not seen. Remaining three cases were difficult to define the shape. On seven cases of CT during arterial portography, three cases showed mass shaped defect and four showed segmental defect but three of them could demonstrate the partially preserved portal flow in defective portal area. Hepatic arteriography in peripheral cholagiocarcinoma showed no evidence of hypertrophy of tumor vessels and tumor stain extending to central portion but peripheral staining on late hepatogram phase and compensatory hyperperfusion could be seen. Portal vein was more commonly involved through perivascular connective tissue invasion rather than by direct extension into the portal lumen

[en] Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma (SCPTCL) is a rare subtype of peripheral T-cell lymphoma. This case report is of a 24-years-old man presented with subcutaneous nodules on his lower abdomen and buttocks. An abdominal CT revealed multiple nodules and increased streaky densities in the subcutaneous fat layer of the abdominal wall and buttocks. In addition, multiple focal FDG uptake lesions of the subcutaneous fat layer were detected from a ^18FFDG PET/CT and the histologic diagnosis determination was SCPTCL. We report here one case of SCPTCL, determined by the CT and ^18FFDG PET/CT imaging features and a review of the relevant literature

[en] Desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma is an uncommon variety of ganglioglioma that shows evidence of glial and ganglionic differentiation accompanied by an extreme desmoplastic reaction. A 16-month-old girl was admitted with a six-day history of left hemiparesis. MR imaging demonstrated a large multiseptated cystic mass, with a solid portion, in the white matter of the right frontotemporoparietal lobe. After contrast injections, the solid portion was clearly enhanced. The presence of desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma was confirmed by surgical resection. We describe the characteristic radiologic and pathologic features of desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma, and include a review of the literature

[en] Hypervascular hyperplastic nodules in those patients with chronic alcoholic liver disease and who are hepatitis B and C negative have recently been reported on. The purpose of this study was to correlate the radiologic and pathologic findings with the clinical significance of these hypervascular hyperplastic nodules in chronic alcoholic liver disease. The study included eight hypervascular nodules of seven patients with chronic alcoholic liver disease, and these patients abused alcohol for more than 20 years. Eight hypervascular nodules were seen on the arterial phase of dynamic CT scans, but the possibility of HCC was excluded pathologically (n=4) or clinically. The radiologic and pathologic findings, and the changes of these nodules on follow up CT scans were retrospectively analyzed. All nodules showed good enhancement on the arterial phase. The tissue equilibrium phase of the dynamic CT scans showed isodensity in seven patients and low density in one patient. Ultrasound scans revealed hypoechoic findings for three nodules, isoechoic findings for two nodules, hyperechoic findings for one nodules, and two nodules were not detected. Angiograms (n=6) showed late incremental tumor staining, and all the nodules were well seen on the sinusoidal phase. CT during hepatic angiography (n=4) showed well stained tumor. CT during arterial portography (n=4) showed no defect in three nodules and nodular defect in on nodule. The MR images (n=3) showed low signal intensity in two nodules and iso-signal intensity in one nodule on T2WI. Five of six cases for which follow up CT scans were performed showed decrease in size and one was disappeared. Radiologically, it is often difficult to differentiate the hypervascular hyperplastic nodules seen in the chronic alcoholic liver disease from hepatocellular carcinoma, and histological confirmation is needed for excluded hepatocellular carcinoma. However, late tumor staining during the sinusoidal phase without any blood supply by feeding vessels or any arterioportal shunt on the angiogram, isodensity during the tissue equilibrium phase of dynamic CT and low signal intensity on T2WI may suggest the presence of hypervascular hyperplastic nodule