[en] I discuss aspects of composite models of quarks and leptons connected with the dynamics of how these fermions acquire mass. Several issues related to the protection mechanisms necessary to keep quarks and leptons light are illustrated by means of concrete examples and a critical overview of suggestions for family replications is given. Some old and new ideas of how one may actually be able to generate small quark and lepton masses are examined, along with some of the difficulties they encounter in practice. (orig.)

[en] I illustrate by means of variety of recent examples how well the standard SU(3)xSU(2)xU(1) model works. Among the topics discussed are: W and Z physics; some aspects of perturbative QCD; theoretical and experimental constraints and prospects for Higgs boson detection; and CP violation within the Kobayashi-Maskawa framework. (orig.)

[en] I discuss how anomalies affect classical symmetries and how, in turn, the non-trivial nature of the gauge theory vacuum makes these quantum corrections troublesome. Although no solution seems in sight for the cosmological constant problem, I examine three possible approaches to the strong CP problem involving vacuum dynamics, an additional chiral symmetry, and the possibility of spontaneous CP or P breaking. All of these 'solutions' have their own problems and suggest that, at a deep level, we do not understand the nature of CP violation. Nevertheless, it remains extremely important to search for experimental signals predicted by these theoretical 'solutions', like invisible axions

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[en] After a brief introduction to lepton and hadron colliders presently being planned, I give some examples of the nice standard physics which is expected to be seen in them. The bulk of the discussion, however, is centered on signals for new physics. Higgs searches at the new colliders are discussed, as well as signatures and prospects for detecting effects of supersymmetry, compositeness and dynamical symmetry breakdown. (orig.)

[en] The aim of these lectures is to present the physics of the spontaneously broken gauge theories of the weak and electromagnetic interactions at a level suitable for non specialists. The first part of these lectures is devoted to developing the concepts necessary for understanding how the electroweak gauge theories are built. I discuss, in particular, how global symmetries are realized in nature and how one can make a globally symmetric theory locally symmetric, by introducing gauge fields. The consequence of spontaneous symmetry breakdown for the spectrum of excitations and its role in mass generation are also emphasized here. All these ideas are illustrated in the context of simple models. Having developed all the necessary tools, in the second part of these lectures I construct the SU(2) x U(1) model for electroweak interactions of Glashow, Salam and Weinberg. After describing the structure of interactions of the model, I discuss some aspects of the phenomenology of neutral current experiments. Both purely leptonic as well as deep inelastic experiments are considered. A brief discussion of parity violation effects in atoms is also included. As a final topic in this section, some properties of the W and Z bosons, discovered recently at the CERN collider, are examined. The last part of these lectures is devoted to the open problems of the Glashow Salam Weinberg theory. These problems are centered in the symmetry breaking sector of the model, in which the symmetry breakdown is triggered by the vacuum expectation value of an elementary scalar field. Some of the theoretical ideas proposed to replace this elementary Higgs mechanism by something more dynamical are discussed, along with the difficulties that they encounter. Both the Technicolor scheme of dynamical symmetry breakdown, as well as the idea that quarks and leptons themselves may have some structure, are briefly touched upon. (orig./HSI)

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[en] I discuss the idea that quarks and leptons may be fermionic partners of Goldstone bosons, arising from the spontaneous breakdown of some global symmetry in a supersymmetric theory. The special role that the complex extension of the symmetry group has for these considerations is emphasized. Some semirealistic examples, involving both ordinary preon models as well as exceptional chains, are given. (orig.)

No abstract available