[en] Objective: To investigate the diagnostic value of ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET-CT and ^99mTc- methylene phosphonate whole body imaging in detection bone metastases. Methods: ¹⁸F-FDG PET-CT and ^99mTc-MDP whole body bone scan were both performed in 93 patients with malignant tumors testified by pathology. Bone metastases were confirmed by pathology, X ray or CT or MRI and follow-up for not less than 2 years. Results: Of the 93 patients 44 were confirmed to have bone metastases by 2 years follow-up or pathology. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of ¹⁸F-FDG PET-CT were 95.4%, 91.8%, 93.5%, and ^99mTc-MDP bone imaging were 90.9%, 63.3%, 76.3%, respectively. ¹⁸F-FDG PET-CT has a better specificity (t=2.53, P<0.05) and accuracy (t=2.47, P<0.05) in detecting bone metastases than that of ^99mTc-MDP bone imaging. Conclusion: PET-CT is a more valuable method in the diagnosis of bone metastases. (authors)

[en] Objective: To evaluate the value of PET-CT in the diagnosis of peripheral lung cancer. cancer proved pathology characteristics and standardized uptake value (SUV) of 70 patients with lung cancer proved by pathology were analyzed retrospectively. Results: Of the 70 cases, 32 cases were squamous carcinoma, 25 cases were adenocarcinoma, 8 cases were small cell lung cancer, 3 cases were adenosquamous carcinoma and 2 cases were megacell lung cancer. The average SUV of the lung cancer was 4.94±1.53. In the group of lung cancer, hypermetabolic lesions were found in 66 cases and the SUV was more than 2.5 while the SUV was less than 2.5 in 4 cases. Positive correlation was showed in the SUV and the size of tumors. Conclusions: The peripheral lung cancer has its special imaging appearances of PET-CT. PET-CT is an excellent modality in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of preipheral lung cancer. The SUV combining with morphological findings sometimes may be helpful for the differential diagnosis. (authors)

[en] Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic value of ¹⁸F-FDG PET-CT in differentiating solitary lung lesion in patients under 40 years of age. Methods: From July 2006 to June 2016, the ¹⁸F-FDG PET-CT of 40 patients with histologically confirmed benign lung lesions (16, SUV_max 0.3-12.1) and lung carcinoma (24, SUV_max 2.0-17.8) was reviewed. Results: The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of solitary lung lesion were 87.5%, 25.0%, 63.6%, 57.1%, and 60.0%, respectively. The 16 benign lesions were tuberculosis (8), inflammatory pseudotumor (3), cryptococcosis (2), hamartoma (1), sclerosing pneumocytoma (1), and active alveolar epithelial hyperplasia (1). The 24 malignancy included pulmonary adenocarcinoma (20), squamous cell carcinoma (4), adenosquamous carcinoma (2), and neuroendocrine carcinoma (1). Conclusion: ¹⁸F-FDG PET-CT has high sensitivity and low specificity for diagnosing solitary pulmonary lesion in patients under 40 years of age. (authors)

[en] We present the phase control of photon correlations in a driven four-level system in the double lambda configuration. The strong correlation and the anticorrelation are obtained when the collective phase of four applied laser fields is varied. The coherent control is based on the phase-dependent coherent population trapping (CPT). The strong correlation occurs when the system operates near CPT, while the anticorrelation occurs when the system is far away from CPT

[en] We present a systematic analysis to explain the observed magnetic resonance spectrum with three or five peaks spaced at Rabi frequency when the metastable ³He atoms are probed with a transverse circularly or linearly polarized 1083 nm laser beam, respectively. The resonance signals are generated in the ground state of ³He atoms, dressed by a resonant magnetic field, and transferred to the metastable state by collisions. The triplet spectrum is thought to be the result of the linear coupling between the metastable state and the ground state, while the quintuplet is thought to be that of the nonlinear coupling, and indicates that higher-order atomic polarization is created during the atomic collisions. More features of the magnetic resonance signals are investigated. (paper)

[en] Synchronization is a widely studied phenomenon in neuroscience. The ever-increasing morbidity of brain diseases makes the investigation on this topic significant in both psychology and medicine. In this paper, we consider an Izhikevich neuronal network composed of both excitatory and inhibitory neurons, and introduce the Tsodyks-Uziel-Markram (TUM) model of neuronal transmission. To study the impact of inhibitory neurons in the synchronization, we make comparative studies by considering the inhibitory neurons could fire either spontaneously or not in the network. Simulation results exemplify that the synchronized system shows different periodic-like oscillatory patterns of multi-stripes. We find that the inhibitory neurons have two-fold impacts on the oscillatory patterns. On the one hand, they can delay the firing of the neurons, deleterious for synchronization. On the other hand, they are able to facilitate the transition of the oscillatory patterns, beneficial for synchronization. Graphical abstract:

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[en] The effect of Rayleigh backscattering on a quantum bit error rate (QBER) is investigated in a two-way quantum key distribution (QKD) system without using a storage line. A modified two-way QKD system is proposed, in which the information is alternately encoded on the different wavelengths for eliminating the Rayleigh backscattering and increasing the key rate

[en] Objective: To assess the use value of ¹⁸F-FDG PET-CT in non-small cell lung cancer. Methods: (1) The CT and PET-CT image of 32 cases non-small cell lung cancer cases were compared in staging. (2) The relatively between tumor size and SUV_max was observed. (3) Thirty cases with accepted therapy were compared to find the differences of remains and new outbreak lesions. Results: (1) Seven cases were upstaged and 7 cases were downstaged. Changing rate in staging by PET-CT was 43.8% (14/32). The difference of altered stage lymph node and metastasis in number was not in statistical significance by ¹⁸F- FDG PET-CT. (2) Spearman grade correlation coefficient r_s was 0.426. There were positive correlation between SUV_max and the tumor size (P< O.05). (3) PET-CT found 3 more remain lesions(Z=-0.520, P>0.05) and 19 more new outbreak lesion (Z=-2.871, P<0.05) than that of CT. Conclusion: ¹⁸F-FDG PET-CT had superiority in determining staging of non-small cell lung cancer, and was conducive in cheaking new outbreak lesions of accepted therapy cases. (authors)

[en] Bound states can be supported on the surface of a periodically corrugated perfect conductor known as spoof surface plasmon polaritons with their dispersion curves reside below the light line. Here we show that bound states in the continuum (BICs) can also be achieved in such systems. Two types of grating structures are proposed to suppress the radiation leakage and hence generate bound states. The first one is a simple grating with broad grooves in which multiple cavity modes are accommodated. Due to the symmetry incompatibility and the destructive interaction mainly from the TM₀ and TM₁ modes, BICs at the Γ point and at off-Γ points are both realized. The second one is a dimerized grating with two grooves in each unit cell. The destructive interaction between the modes in the two grooves can suppresses the radiation and BICs at the Γ point are observed. The Q factors of the whole bands can be further tuned by the dimerization strength effectively. This work may offer new opportunity for the applications of metallic grating in the low frequency bands. (special topic)

[en] Single-phase ε-Fe₃N film has been fabricated on GaN substrate by magnetron sputtering. It is found that the thickness within the range of 50 nm∼200 nm will be favorable to the formation of single-phase ε-Fe₃N. The grain size and average surface roughness of the single-phase ε-Fe₃N film are 35∼85 nm and 7.45 nm respectively, while the magnetic and electrical properties are in agreement with the preceding experiments. This work will establish the solid foundation to the application of ε-Fe₃N/GaN structure which is a promising system consisting of two materials that are both nitrides. (paper)