[en] The effect of xylitol and glucose on the rate of gastric emptying and intestinal transit and on motilin, gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), and insulin release were studied in human volunteers. A single oral dose of 200 mL water containing 30 g glucose or 30 g xylitol, mixed with a 99mtechnetium-tin (99mTc-Sn) colloid, was used. Similar dosing without the label was used in motilin, GIP, and insulin studies. Xylitol decreased the rate of gastric emptying but concomitantly accelerated intestinal transit compared with glucose. The half-times for gastric emptying were 77.5 +/- 4.6 and 39.8 +/- 3.4 min after ingestion of xylitol and glucose solutions, respectively. Glucose suppressed motilin and stimulated GIP secretion; xylitol stimulated motilin secretion but had no effect on GIP, which is currently the main candidate for the role of enterogastrone. The accelerated intestinal transit and increase in plasma motilin observed after xylitol ingestion were thought to be causally related to the diarrhea and gastrointestinal discomfort produced by it
Journal
No abstract available
Source
Eckhardt, Sandor (ed.); 901 p; ISBN 3-8055-4434-0; 
; ISBN 963 05 4423 7; ; ISBN 963 05 4424 5; ; 1986; p. 1019; Akademiai Kiado; Budapest (Hungary); 14. International cancer congress; Budapest (Hungary); 21-27 Aug 1986; Published in summary form only.
; ISBN 963 05 4423 7; ; ISBN 963 05 4424 5; ; 1986; p. 1019; Akademiai Kiado; Budapest (Hungary); 14. International cancer congress; Budapest (Hungary); 21-27 Aug 1986; Published in summary form only.
[en] Ninety-three abdominal abscesses and fluid collections (pseudocysts, hematomas and bilomas) in 79 patients were treated under radiological guidance, for a total of 111 procedures (23 needle aspirations (NA) of 17 foci and 88 catheter drainages (CD) of 84 foci). In eight foci both methods were used. Catheter drainage was curative in 65% of abscesses and in 56% of pseudocysts and improved the patients' condition before surgery in another 11% or 10%, respectively. The aim of CD could not beachieved in 24% of the abscesses and in 34% of the pseudocysts. Needle aspiration showed little effect being curative in only 6% and patially beneficial in 24% as all the foci were considered. Complications occurred in 8% of CD:s and in 0% of NA:s. We suggest that radiologically guided CD of abscesses and fluid collections should be the primary therapeutic approach in all cases where this can be performed safely. The therapeutic effect of NA was poor. (orig.)
[de]
93 abdominale Abszesse und Fluessigkeitsansammlungen (Pseudozysten, Haematome and Bilome) wurden bei 79 Patienten unter radiologischer Fuehrung behandelt. Insgesamt wurden 111 Eingriffe durchgefuehrt (23 Nadelaspirationen bei 17 Herden und 88 Katheterdrainagen bei 84 Herden). Bei 8 Herden wurden beide Methoden angewendet. Die Katheterdrainage erwies sich als erfolgreich bei 65% der Abszesse und bei 56% der Pseudozysten und bewirkte eine Besserung des Zustandes der Patienten vor der Operation bei weiteren 11% bzw. 10%. Der Zweck der Katheterdrainage wurde bei 24% der Abszesse und 34% der Pseudozysten nicht erreicht. Die Nadelaspiration zeigte einen geringen Behandlungserfolg, naemlich nur bei 6% der Faelle, und war nur teilweise nutzbringend bei 24% der Gesamtzahl aller Herde. Komplikationen traten bei 8% der Katheterdrainagen und bei 0% der Nadelaspiration auf. Es wird vorgeschlagen, eine radiologisch gefuehrte Katheterdrainage bei Abszessen und Fluessigkeitsansammlungen als primaere therapeutische Massnahme durchzufuehren, wo immer eine solche risikolos erfolgen kann. Der Behandlungserfolg der Nadelaspiration war nur gering. (orig.)Journal
[en] To evaluate the use of ultra low-field (0.02 T) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the diagnosis of musculoskeletal infection, MR examinations with T2 weighted sequences were performed in 61 patients thought to be suffering from one of four major diagnostic categories: Soft-tissue abscesses (n=22), osteomyelitis (n=21), septic arthritis (n=9) and spondylitis (n=9). Infection was confirmed for 37 of these 61 patients. The verified abscesses, arthritis, spondylitis and acute osteomyelitis could be detected by 0.02 T MR. The sensitivity was poor in cases of chronic osteomyelitis. There was one false positive finding in a patient with a possible soft tissue infection. The 0.02 T MR examination failed four times. Two patients were too heavy and another 2 patients had magnetic material in or near the scanning field. Compared with computed tomography and isotope scanning, 0.02 T MR proved a little more informative, but without any statistical significance. (orig.)
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