[en] Purpose: In an attempt to improve local control and survival of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC), hyperfractionated accelerated radiation therapy (HART) was carried out as a clinical phase I/II trial. Methods and Materials: HART was delivered by 1.1 Gy/fraction, three fractions per day with intervals of 4 h and five treatment days per week. The clinical tumors were irradiated to 74.3 Gy (72.6-75.9)/66-69 fx, 33 days (29-40) (not corrected for lung density), and the subclinical lesions, to 50.0 Gy (48.4-50.6)/44-46 fx, 33 days (29-40). Sixty-nine patients with NSCLC were enrolled in this study. Nine patients were withdrawn from the study during HART due to different reasons. Sixty patients formed the study for outcome analyses. They were 57 males and 3 females with median age of 61 years (21-77). There were 41 cases of squamous cell carcinoma, 15 cases of adenocarcinoma, and 4 cases of large cell carcinoma. Overall, favorable patients (KPS ≥ 70, weight loss < 5% and Stages I, II, IIIa) accounted for 73% (44 of 60) of all patients. Forty-four patients (73%) received adjuvant chemotherapy (DDP + VP16) with median cycles of 1.8 before and/or after HART. In order to compare the outcome of HART with conventional irradiation, 50 NSCLC patients treated by conventional fractionated irradiation (CFI) during the same period were chosen as the basis to evaluate relative effects of HART. They derived from the control group of another clinical trial of hyperfractionated irradiation for NSCLC in the same department. They received median tumor dose of 63.9 Gy (62.8-65.0)/34 fx (32-36), 48 days (45-53). Results: 1. Acute and late complications: (a) In HART, 87% of patients (52 cases) developed acute radiation esophagitis: Grade 1-2, 46 cases (77%) and Grade 3, 6 cases (10%), at 2.5 weeks (2-3.5 weeks) after HART began. Five patients with Grade 3 esophagitis had their HART interrupted for ≤7 days. In CFI, esophagitis was much less (44%, p < 0.05) with 38% of Grade 1-2 and 6% of Grade 3. (b) In HART, acute pulmonary symptoms (RTOG Grade 1-2) occurred in 17% (10 cases), and acute radiation pneumonitis (Grade 3), in 8% (5 cases), while in CFI, they were 24% and 2% (p > 0.05), respectively. Late lung fibrosis (RTOG Grade 1-2) appeared in 20% (12 cases), whereas 18% in CFI (p > 0.05). (c), No other severe acute or late complications have been observed so far in HART. 2. Immediate response. In HART, 20% of patients (12 cases) achieved CR, 60% (36 cases), PR and 20% (12 cases), NR or PD. In CFI, the above three percentages were 10, 28, and 62%, respectively (p < 0.001). 3. Follow-up. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year actuarial survivals were 72, 47, and 28% for HART, and 60, 18, and 6% for CFI, respectively (p < 0.001). Better local control was seen in HART than in CFI with 1-, 2-, and 3-year local control rates being 71, 44, 29%, and 60, 20, and 5%, respectively (p = 0.001). Distant metastases developed less in HART than in CFI. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year distant metastasis rates were 23, 36, and 50% in HART, but 30, 48, and 80% in CFI (p = 0.021). Conclusion: 1. HART could be tolerated by most of the favorable NSCLC patients. The predominant complication was acute esophagitis. No other severe acute or late complications have been observed so far. 2. HART resulted in better survivals and local controls, and less distant metastases than CFI

[en] A study of the effects of bakelite resistivity to RPC performances is presented. By the compare of detection efficiency, counting rate, dark current of eight RPCs with different resistivity, the qualitative relations between resistivity and RPC performances are gained. The optimized resistivity range for BESIII muon detector running environment and RPC quality control is also offered. (authors)

[en] [Background] The spectral response range of the bi-alkali photocathode photomultiplier tube (PMT) is 300 nm to 700 nm. So infrared light is often used as a background light of PMTs during producing or testing. However, the PMT had a red storm, when use the infrared light emitting diode (LED) for its calibration. [Purpose] This paper aims to prove that the PMT itself is really responsive to infrared light, rather than the presence of stray light in the LED. [Methods] The infrared light was used to interfere the single-photon state of bi-alkali photocathode PMTs. [Results] When the power of the infrared laser tube is up to mW, the single photon state of PMTs changed. [Conclusion] It is proved that the bi-alkali photocathode PMTs does respond to the infrared light. (authors)

[en] Based on a VME DAQ system in WinXP environment, the characteristic of Photomultiplier Tubes (PMTs), which will be used in the T0 system of the beam test experiment for MRPC, were carefully measured. The high voltage of PMT was confirmed by study of its single photoelectron spectrum, from which the performance of PMT (such as energy resolution of the charge spectrum, Peak to valley and gain) could be acquired. At last, by distributing the data with different number of photon, which depend on the charge distribution, the time resolution of T0 was improved. (authors)

[en] Abstract Background: Many performance parameters of photomultiplier tube(PMT) are tested on the basis of the single photoelectron spectroscopy, so single-photon source is essential to the batch test of PMT and requirements of light source for precise single photo electron spectrum measurement. Purpose: The study aims to design a single-photon pulse generator used in batch test for PMT. Methods: A control panel for the adjustable pulse signal generator with multi-channel output is designed and implemented after the performance test analysis of PMT. A MAX10-10M08SAE144C8G FPGA(Field-Programmable Gate Array)chip, a STM32F107 ARM(Acorn RISC Machine) controller and a DP83848 Ethernet chip are integrated to realize desired functionalities. PC sends commands to STM32F107 via Ethernet; then ARM controller analyzes commands and sends them to FPGA to achieve adjustable duty cycle, and adjustable frequency, adjustable amplitude pulse output through the level conversion chip. Results: Compared with the most often used RIGOO-DG5352 signal generator, the newly-designed single-photon pulse generator showed better performance on both the fall time and the rise time. Conclusion: The output signals of this single-photon pulse generator could match the requirements in the PMT single photo-electron spectrum test. Also it can be extended to multi-channel outputs for PMT batch test. (authors)

[en] An interfacing technology between LabVIEW and ROOT is realized by loading and running the executable file. This technology can make the best of their own advantages of design a powerful and efficient data acquisition and analysis system. This paper ends up with two successful application examples of this interfacing technology: the data acquisition system for the gas ratio monitor and the optical performance test system for the EMC crystal in BESIII. (authors)

[en] Based on TCP/IP network communication techniques, CAMAC Bus Technology, PCI Bus Technology and RS232 Serial Communication Technique, we developed and established a serial of software in Linux or Win32 system to auto control these high voltage systems made by CAEN Company, which are always used in high energy physics experiments. The operator can use this software to control and monitor the system independently, or encapsulate it into the DAQ system to control the test system and acquire data synchronously and high-efficaciously. (authors)

[en] The installation of the BESIII RPC system has been completed. Cosmic ray test results show that they perform very well in streamer mode and meet the BESIII requirements. We have tested several RPCs in the avalanche mode with the addition of extra SF₆ in the gas mixture. We find an efficiency plateau that reaches ∼95%, and a time resolution of 1.8 ns. This demonstrates that the BESIII-type RPC can work in the avalanche mode as well. (authors)

[en] The BESIII RPC with Gd coating as thermal neutron detector was designed and constructed. Three prototypes were built with different techniques of producing the gadolinium converter. The performance of the cosmic ray test, the signal and the radiation spectrum were discussed in this paper. Lastly, the efficiency of one prototype with the best performance for detecting the thermal neutron was tested as 8.7%. (authors)

[en] 20-inch PMTs are widely used in large-scale neutrino experiments because of their high light coverage and high detection efficiency. If there is a flasher around or inside a PMT, this will damage the PMT and potentially affect other PMTs. Therefore it's necessary to research the flasher. The flasher is caused by a discharge on the sharp edge inside the PMT or the voltage divider. In this experiment, the flasher inside the PMT is researched, and the part caused from the voltage divider is excluded by applying light shielding. This paper describes three different trigger modes: self-trigger, mutual-trigger, and external-trigger mode. These are designed to measure the flasher properties inside the 20-inch Dynode-PMT and MCP-PMT.