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No abstract available

[en] The limulus amoebocyte lysate (LAL) is commonly used for bacterial endotoxin assay. There are several methods of the LAL test ranging from the semi-quantitative to the fully-automated. Gel-clot, kinetic turbidometric, and chromagenic are three different methods available. The gel-clot assay is a simple qualitative method and best used for low-volume laboratories. The morphology of physical gel-clot is often difficult to examine due to the delicate nature of the system as it is thermosensitive and therefore has not been studied in detail. In recent years there have been significant advances in computer aided imaging. These have resulted in a significant increase in the methods available for the detection and quantify the presence of bacterial endotoxin in the laboratory. One of the key tools in applying physics-based models to gel-clot image processing has been the analysis of color histograms. Physics-based models of reflection predict that the shape of the histogram is related not only to the illumination color and object color, but also to such non-color properties such as surface roughness and imaging geometry. However the relationship is complex and cannot be solved analytically. Therefore we have developed a method for estimating these properties by interpolating between histograms that come from images of known scene properties. We present tests of our algorithm on simulated data for analyzing color histograms that yields estimates of gel-clot, phase angle between the camera and light source, and illumination intensity. These three scene parameters are related to three histogram measurements. Our method for estimating gel-clot properties is very fast, and requires only a single color image. (Author)

[en] Full-text:Cytokinesis Block Micronucleus (CBMN) Assay is a simple and an alternative way for indicator of chromosome damage. In a large radiation accident, CBMN Assay can be early detect for chromosome damage before we do aberration chromosome assay. After completing 72 hours incubation, cell was harvest and dropped into the slide and will do pre- treatment with RNase A. RNase as an agent to remove residual stainable cytoplasmic material, which will be background of the cell clear. Clear background help to easier in analysis of micronuclei (MN). The diameter of MN usually between 1/16th and 1/3rd of the mean diameter of the main nuclei. The clear image of background useful for slides assessed with automatic image analysis system. (author)

[en] High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is a popular separation technique in analytical chemistry and is widely used for the purpose of separation, purification, fingerprint profiles, identification and determination of active chemical components in a mixture or compound. Methylene diphosphonate (MDP) or medronic acid, is a compound containing methylene bound to two phosphonate groups. It is widely used in nuclear medicine, which is labeled with radioactive technetium-99m (^99mTc medronic acid) and injected into patients to detect abnormalities or bone metastases. Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid or L-ascorbic acid, is a vitamin found in many types of food. In addition to being used as a food supplement, vitamin C is also used to prevent and treat scurvy. Most radiopharmaceutical kit formulations such as MDP contain ascorbic acid which serves to stabilize MDP kits after being labeled with radioactive material. The objective of this study was to develop the HPLC method to analyze MDP kits qualitatively and quantitatively. Through this study, separation will be performed at room temperature using the reverse phase column C¹⁸ (150 mm x 4.6 mm, id, 2.6 μm), the motion phase consisting of a mixture of solvents (acetonitril-water and methanol-water) of various compositions with the addition of modifiers (acetic acid, formic acid, trifluoroacetic acid), flow rate between 0.2 - 1.0 mL/ min and wavelength between 190 - 640 nm using photodiode arrays (PDA). In conclusion, the HPLC method to be developed can be used for qualitative and quantitative analysis of MDP kits for the purpose of product quality control. (author)

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[en] Medical Technology Division produced Samarium-153 (¹⁵³Sm) to be used as palliative treatment for bone cancer. ¹⁵³Sm will be complexed with ethylenediamine tetra(methylene phosphonic acid) (EDTMP) to form Samarium-EDTMP. Samarium oxide (86 % enriched in ¹⁵²Sm) used as target for neutron irradiation in Nuclear Malaysia TRIGA PUSPATI research reactor. The building materials used to built the ampoule have an impact on the level of radioactivity emitted and the type of radionuclides detected on the end product. Ampoule contain borosilicate showed higher radioactivity which sugessted it's not suitable to be used in the production of ¹⁵³Sm as it will overshadow the actual radioactivity of ¹⁵³Sm. (author)

[en] The radioisotope Sm-153 is produced from the irradiation of the target material Sm-152 using the PUSPATI reactor and the radioisotope material is labeled to the EDTMP kit (ethylenediamine tetrametylene phosphonic acid) to produce ¹⁵³Sm-EDTMP. Radiochemical authenticity tests were performed on several product groups using Instant Thin Layer Chromatography (ITLC) chromatography and column chromatography. While Sm-153 was tested using gamma spectroscopy for the purpose of radionuknid verification. Both chromatographic methods give test results for Sm-153 and ¹⁵³Sm-EDTMP in the form of radioactive percentage and Rf value. In addition, several experiments using different solvents were performed for the purpose of adding information related to the test method. The test results obtained are important and useful in preparation for the routine implementation of product quality control tests. (author)

[en] Accurate measurement of glomerular filtration rate to assess the degree of kidney disease is important. Cr-51 EDTA is among the radiopharmaceuticals used in diagnosis the kidney function in patient. Cr-51 EDTA is produced from the starting material chromium (chromium) which is irradiated in a reactor to produce radioactive chromium-51 (Cr-51). Chromium chips were used in the irradiation initial study and were later found to be unsuitable for use in this study. (author)

No abstract available