No abstract available

[en] The results of an experiment on the action of low-frequency radiation on the magnetospheric plasma are presented. Such action stimulates precipitation of protons. A preliminary interpretation of the data is given

[en] An in vitro model was used to predict short-term, laser-induced, thermal damage in canine prostate tissue. Canine prostate tissue samples were equipped with thermocouple probes to measure tissue temperature at 3, 6, 9 and 12 mm depths. The tissue surface was irradiated with a Nd:YAG laser in contact or non-contact mode for up to 20 s, using powers from 5 to 20 W. Prediction of thermal damage using Arrhenius theory was discussed and compared to the in vitro damage threshold, determined by histological evaluation. The threshold temperature for acute thermal tissue damage was 69 ± 6 deg. C (means ± SD), irrespective of exposure time. Contact mode laser application caused vaporization of tissue, leaving a crater underneath the fiber tip. The mean extent of tissue damage underneath the vaporization crater floor was 0.9 ± 0.6 mm after 5, 10 or 20 s of contact mode laser irradiation at 10 W, whereas 20 W non-contact exposure up to 20 s causes up to 4.7 ± 0.2 mm coagulation necrosis. It was concluded that short-term acute thermal tissue damage can be comprehensively described by a single threshold temperature.

[en] The main purpose of the Sphere–Antarctica project is connected to the fundamental problems of the cosmic ray physics and general astrophysics - the determination of the energy and mass composition of cosmic ray particles of ultra high and extremely high energies 10¹⁸ − 10²⁰ eV. In the energy region above 6 · 10¹⁹ eV modern experiments (Telescope Array and Pierre Auger Observatory) observed anisotropy and the clustering of arrival directions of cosmic rays in some areas. The scientific importance of this problem stems from the lack of generally accepted acceleration mechanism of the CR particles above 3 · 10¹⁸ eV, the unknown nature of the sources of such particles, the inconsistencies of the results of major experiments in the part of the mass of CR composition and the discrepancy of experimental and model data. Scientific novelty of this project is in the methodology registration of the extensive air showers over a large area ∼ 600 km² from an altitude 30 km, that allows to measure the two optical components of the shower Vavilov–Cherenkov radiation and fluorescence light by the same SiPM sensitive elements of the detector simultaneously. (paper)